Akenshi ibihugu bitangaza ubwigenge bwabyo, birihuza cyangwa se bikanyagwa n’ibindi biba bibarusha imbaraga. Ibi bituma amazina ibyo bihugu byari bifite ahinduka, imipaka nayo igahinduka ndetse n’uburyo igihugu cyari kiyobowemo.
Muri iki gihe abaturage bamwe baturuka mu bihugu byariho mu
bihe byashize ariko ubu bitakiri ku ikarita y’isi.
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary yahoze ari igihugu kimwe cyari gituwe
n'abaturage bake. Cyashyizweho ku bwumvikane bw’ibihugu bibiri nk'uko kitwaga mu
mwaka w’i 1867, iki gihugu cyasenyutse
mu mwaka w’i 1918 nyuma yo gutsindwa mu ntambara ya mbere y’isi ubwo cyari
gishyigikiye u Budage. Mu myaka igera kuri 51 iki gihugu cyamaze cyari kimaze
gutera imbere ndetse n’abaturage bacyo bari bariyongereye cyane. Cyatangaga
ingufu z’amashanyarazi mu bice bitandukanye bicyegereye ndetse cyari kinakize ku
nganda.
Iki gihugu cyari ku ruhande rumwe n’u Budage cyasenyutse
byemerejwe mu masezerano y’i Versailles mu w’i 1919, kivamo ibihugu bibiri
ari byo Austria na Hungary. Ibi bihugu biracyari ibihugu bikomeye mu gace
biherereyemo.
Czechoslovakia
Nubwo intambara ya mbere y’isi yabaye intandaro yo gucikamo ibice bibiri kwa Austria-Hungary, yanabaye intandaro y’ivuka ry’igihugu cya Czechoslovakia, cyavuye ku bice bimwe byari ibya Austria-Hungary, Czechoslovakia yabayeho mu gihe kingana n’imyaka 75. Repubulika ya mbere yagiyeho muw’i 1918.
Nubwo habagaho ukutumvikana ku birebana n’umuco hagati
y’amatsinda abiri y’aba Czech n’aba Slovak mu gihugu, Czechoslovakia yari ifite
inganda ziteye imbere zari iza abanya Austria-Hungary. Yatangiye ari igihugu
gifite ubukungu buhagaze neza, gusa biza kugenda bihinduka ubwo bakolonizwaga
n’abanazi ndetse n’Ubumwe bw’abasoviyete bwabakolonije nyuma.
Aba koministe bayoboye Czechoslovakia imyaka irenga 50
kugeza ubwo habaye imyigaragambyo ikomeye muri 1989 yaje gukuraho iyo
guverinoma. Iryo huriro ryaje kumenyekana nk’impinduramatwara za Velvet ndetse
na n'ubu zirakizihizwa. Imbaraga zashyizwemo ngo zubake Czechoslovakia yishyira
ikizana zabaye nke kugeza aho igihugu gicitsemo ibice bibiri kigahinduka
Repubulika ya Czech ndetse na Slovakia mu w’i 1993.
Kingdom of Hawaii
Hawaii yabaye leta ya Amerika mu w’i 1959. Kugeza na
n'uyu musni abanya Hwaii bibuka umwami wa mbere wahuje ibirwa byose bya Hawaii mu
w’i 1810. Umwami Kamehameha yibukwa buri mwaka ku itariki ya 11 Kamena. Ku
buyobozi bwa Kmehameha ndetse n’abamusimbuye, igihugu cya Hawaii cyoherezaga
intumwa muri Amerika ya ruguru ndetse no mu burayi aza no gukora amasezerano
y’ubucuruzi n’imigenderanire kuri iyo migabane.
Amateka ya Hawaii akubiyemo ingingo zo mu itegeko nshinga
ndetse ndetse n’umumaro w’ingoma ya cyami. Haje kubaho ihirika ry’ubutegetsi
rikozwe n’abiganjemo abakoraga ubuhinzi ariko bafashijwe na Amerika, byatumye
hakurwaho ingoma ya cyami hajyaho Repubulika yigenga. Uwari Perezida wa Amerika
icyo gihe Grover Cleveland, yatekereje ko ihirikwa ry’ubutegetse ritakurikije amategeko
arahira gusubizaho ingoma ya cyami.
Mu gihe cy’intambara y’Amerika na Esipanye Hawaii yagize
umumaro cyane kuri Amerika. Mu w’i 1993 Perezida Clinton yatangaje ko basabye
imbabazi ku mugaragaro abanya Hawaii ku kuba baravanyeho ingoma yabo ya cyami.
East Germany
Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi y’u Budage yamenyekanye
nk’u Budage bw’uburasirazuba yari igihugu cyigenga kuva 1949 kugeza 1990. Nyuma
y’intambara ya kabiri y’isi, u Budage bw’uburasirazuba bwagiye mu maboko y’aba
soviet, mu gihe ubudage bw’uburengerazuba bwari mu maboko y’ingabo z’Amerika.
U Budage bw’i Burasirazuba bwagumye mu maboko y’abasoviet kugera 1954.
U Budage bw’uburasirazuba bwari bufite ubukungu bukomeye
ugereranyije n’u Budage bw’i Burengerazuba. Abadage bo mu Burasirazuba batangiye
kujya bimuka bituma hubakwa urukuta rubatandukanya. Mu w’i 1990 u Budage
bw’ Uburasirazuba bwakoze amatora banzura ko buri bwiyunge n’u Budage bw’i Burengerazuba. Bivugwa ko hakoresheje amafaranga abarirwa mu ma tiriyoni
mu kubaka ubukungu bw’u Budage bwari bwihuje.
Soviet Union
Repubulika y’ubumwe bw’aba Soviet yabayeho kuva 1922 kugera
1991. Muri icyo gihe bari bafite igisirikare gikomeye ndetse banashyira
imbaraga mu gukwirakwiza amahame y’aba kominisite, cyane cyane mu Burayi no muri Aziya.
Ku butegetsi bwa Mikhail Gorbachev, bashyize imbaraga
mu gufungura amarembo ngo ashaka uko
bazahura ubukungu bwari bwifashe nabi icyo gihe. Igice cy’iburasirazuba ni cyo
cyabanje kwigumura bizana icyuho, birangira ubumwe bw’aba Soviet busenyutse burundu.
Ashanti Empire
Ubwami bwa Ashanti bwatangiye mu kinyejana cya 17. Tumwe
mu duce ubu bwami bwari bufite harimo Ghana yubu. Ubwami bwa Ashanti bwari
bufite ubukungu bukomeye bwakuraga mu bucuruzi ndetse no kuba bwarakolonijwe
n’Abongereza nyuma yaho icyicaro cy’ubwami cyimuriwe muri Seychelles.
Ubwami bwa Ashanti buracyahari mu gihugu cy Ghana aho
bufatwa nk’intara igikomeye ku muco ndetse iracyanayoborwa n'umwami witwa
Asantehene, arubashywe cyane gusa ntajya yivanga muri politiki y’imbere mu
gihugu.
YugoslaviaYugoslavia yashinzwe mu w’i 1918 ari ubwami butandukanye bwari bwihuje. Mbere y’intambara ya kabiri yisi yari nk’ingoma ya cyami, nyuma iza kuba leta igizwe n’ama repubulika 6 atandukanye. Josip Broz uzwi cyane nka Tito, yahise atangira kuyobora Yugoslavia kuva 1945 kugera 1980 yitabye Imana. Nubwo yafatwaga nk’umunyagitugu, afatwa nk'uwabashije kunga amoko atandukanye ya Yugoslavia.
Tito yari umugabo ukomeye ndetse nyuma y’urupfu rwe ubukungu bw’igihugu ntibwongeye kumera neza. Ubuyobozi bw’aba komunisite bwarangiye mu ntangiriro za 1990. Nko mu bindi bice bitandukanye haje kuba intambara yahitanye abasaga 100,000. Ibihugu nka Croatia, Bosnia, Slovenia, Serbia, Macedonia na Montenegro byihuje nyuma y’isenyuka rya Yugoslavia, ni nabwo Kosovo yabonye ubwigenge.
TANGA IGITECYEREZO