Ku buso bungana na 11,580 km, Qatar ni agahugu gato kigenga, gakikijwe n’amazi, kakagira igice kinini cy'ubutayu ndetse kakaba kari hagati mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati. Mu myaka micye ishize Qatar yari mu bihugu bikennye mu gice iherereyemo.
Abaturage ba
Qatar bari batuye mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n’ubutaka bwo mu butayu aho
ikigero cy’ubushyuhe mu ki buzamuka kugera ku kigero cya dogere celsius 50. Mu
myaka yashize iki gihugu cyakolonezwaga n’Abongereza.
Mu myaka yo
hambere iki gihugu cyakuraga amafaranga mu burobyi. N’ubwo ahantu hacukurwa
amavuta havumbuwe bwambere mu w’i 1938 ibintu byatangiye guhinduka ariko
n’ubundi igihugu cyigifite ubukene,
Ibi byabaye kubera ko ahari habonetse amavuta
hatari hanini cyane ku buryo havamo amafaranga ahagije. Mu w’i 1970 ni bwo habaye
ikintu gikomeye, ikirombe cya peteroli kinini ku isi cyavumbuwe mu Majyaruguru y'icyo gihugu.
Ubwo Qatar
yabonaga ubwigenge ku gihugu cy’Ubwongereza mu w’i 1971, umwami Emir wayoboraga
icyo gihe yari yarabonye ko uburyo bumwe bwo guhindura ubukungu bw’igihugu cye
ari ugushora amafaranga mu bikorwa by’ubushakashatsi ndetse no guteza imbere
gucukura no kugurisha peteroli yari imaze kuvumburwa mu gihugu cye.
Qatar
yatangiye kugurisha peteroli mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi. Nibwo yatangiye kwiyubaka iva ku gihugu cyahoze kiri mu bikennye ku isi bitunzwe
n’uburobyi, iba igihugu gikize giteye imbere cyane mu bikorwa remezo ndetse
n’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu uriyongera ku buryo butangaje.
Ibihugu byinshi bikora ubucuruzi bwa peteroli ndetse bikanakuramo amafaranga menshi, gusa ikibazo gikunze kwibazwa ni aho ayo mafaranga ajya. Urugero nk’igihugu cya Venezuela amafaranga cyakuraga muri peteroli yarasesagurwaga ndetse hakaba na ruswa cyane byatumye iki gihugu gisubira inyuma ndetse ubu kikaba kibarirwa mu bihugu bifite ubukungu bumeze nabi.Qatar yafashe inzira itandukanye, ifata amafaranga ava muri peteroli iyashora mu kubaka umujyi ugezweho wa Doha ari nawo murwa mukuru w’icyo gihugu. Qatar kandi yanashinze ikigega cy’ubukungu cyihariye cyashyiriweho nk'ubwizigame bw’ahazaza, kikaba kimaze kugira umutungo ungana na $335 miliyali.
Umusaruro
mbumbe w'iki gihugu muri uyu mwaka ugeze kuri 44.9 USD miliyal, 70% aturuka mu
misoro iva mubucukuzi bwa peteroli, 60% aturuka mu musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu
naho 85% aturuka mu byo igihugu cyohereza mu mahanga. Ikigereranyo cy’amafaranga
umuturage wa Qatar yinjiza ku mwaka angana na $70.779 bigira Qatar igihugu cya
gatandatu gikize ku isi.
Uretse
guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo ndetse n’ubuvuzi uburezi muri Qatar burakomeye
ndetse kwiga mu mashuri abanza ni Ubuntu. Mu mashuri ya leta abanyeshuri
bahabwa ibitabo ku buntu ndetse bakanahabwa amafaranga yo kujya ndetse no kuva
ku ishuri nka tike. Igihugu cya Qatar
kiri mu bifite ama kaminuza akomeye by’umwihariko mu bihugu by’Abarabu.
Qatar yashyize imbaraga mu guteza imbere uburinganire, itanga amahirwe angana ku bagore n’abagabo. Biri no mu ntego Qatar yagiye yiha mu myaka itandukanye kuva 2011-2016 ndetse na 2018-2022. Igikomangoma cya Qatar Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani yatangaje ko bagiye gutanga uburezi abana b’abakobwa bagera kuri miliyoni.
Mu rwego rwo
kwirinda kuzahura n’ikibazo cy’amapfa, Qatar igenda igura ubutaka mu bihugu
bitandukanye. Muri Qatar ntibakunze guhinga bitewe nuko hari ubutayu, bituma
iki gihugu kigenda kigura ubutaka bwo guhingamo mu bihugu nka Sudan na
Austraria ndetse banatangije umushinga w’ubuhinzi mu bihugu bitandukanye nka
Brazil, Kenya, Ukraine n’ibindi.
Igikomangoma cya Qatar cyanatangaje ko bagiye gushora amafaranga mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi imbere mu gihugu.
Qatar yatoranyijwe kuzakira igikombe cy’isi kizaba muri 2022.Igishushanyo mbonera cya lusail Stadium imwe mu zizakira igikombe cy'isi
TANGA IGITECYEREZO