Wari uziko uko ukoresha Facebook uba uyifasha kwinjiza atubutse? Byinshi utari uzi kuri uru rubuga rukoreshwa n’abasaga miliyari ku isi

Iyi nkuru twayiteguye mu rwego rwo gusubiza umukunzi wacu watwandikiye adusaba ko twazamubwira mu buryo burambuye ku rubuga rwa Facebook. Kuvuga ku buryo burambuye kuri Facebook mu nkuru imwe byaba ari ikizamini nk’ibindi uretse ko turi bugaruke mu ncamake ya bimwe mu byo ukwiriye kuyimenyaho.

Mu barushinze bose hasigayemo Mark Zuckerberg

Urubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Facebook rwashinzwe ku itariki 02 Gashyantare 2004, rushingwa na Mark Zuckerberg wari ufite imyaka 19. Yarushinze afatanyije na begenzi be 3 biganaga muri  Kaminuza ya Havard: Chris Hughes ,Eduardo Saverin na Dustin Moskovitz . Zuckerberg ashinga Facebook yigaga mu mwaka wa 2.

Tugarutse  gato ku bafatanyije na Zuckerberg, Chris Hughes niwe wayoboye ukwiyamamaza kwa Obama ahatanira kuba Perezida wa Amerika (campagne présidentielle) muri 2008 ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Muri 2012  Chris Hughes yaguze ikinyamakuru cya The New Republic. Eduardo Saverin niwe watanze amwe mu mafaranga bifashishije batangiza uru rubuga mbere y’uko avamo muri 2005. Kuri ubu Saverin ukomoka muri Brazil ariko akaba asigaye aba muri Singerpour, urubuga rwa Forbes rumubarira umutungo ungana na miliyari 2,2 z’Amadorali.

Dustin Moskovitz niwe muntu wa mbere wabanye mu cyumba na Mark Zuckerberg muri kaminuza ya Harvard. Kuva muri 2008 ntagikorera Facebook. Yagiye ku ruhande gushinga kompanyi ye bwite ikora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga. Urubuga rwa Forbes umutungo we ruwubarira muri miliyari 3,8 z’Amadorali.

Zuckerberg hamwe n'abo bafatanyije gushinga urubuga rwa Facebook kugeza ubu batagikorana

Impanga Tyler na  Cameron Winklevoss bashinjije Mark Zuckerberg kubibira igitekerezo agashinga Facebook

Divya Narendra ubari hagati nawe ni umwe mu bavuga ko bibwe ibitekerezo na Zuckerberg yifashishije ashinga Facebook

Mu bashinze Facebook ntihavugwamo impanga 2 Tyler na  Cameron Winklevoss ndetse n’undi munyeshuri Divya Narendra bose bigaga muri Harvard. Aba uko ari 3 bashinjije Zuckerberg kubibira igitekerezo yahereyeho ashinga urubuga rwa Facebook ariko iki kirego cyaje kurangizwa na sheki ya miliyoni 65 z’amadorali gusa yabahaye muri 2008. Aba banyeshuri bavugaga ko Zuckerberg yababeshye ko bari gufatanya kubaka urubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Harvard rwitwa HarvardConnection.com ariko baza gusanga ahubwo yarakoresheje ibitekerezo byabo mu kubaka urubuga ruhangana n'uru bubakaga, arwitwa Thefacebook.com.

Amatariki y’ingenzi kuri Facebook

Tariki 04/02/2004 nibwo uru rubuga rwashinzwe. Mu kwezi kwa  Werurwe 2004, Facebook yageze no muri kaminuza za  Stanford, Columbia na  Yale. Muri Kamena 2004, Facebok yari imaze gukwirakwira muri Kaminuza 30 zo muri Amerika, ikoreshwa n’abantu 150.000.  Mu kwezi kwa Nzeli  2006 nibwo Facebook yafunguriwe gukoreshwa na buri muntu wese ufite imyaka nibura 13 y’ubukure.

Muri Kanama 2008, Facebook yarengeje miliyoni 100 z’abantu bayikoreshaga . Nyuma y’amezi 2, Facebook yari imaze kugira miliyoni 300 z’abantu bayikoresha. Mu kwezi kw’Ukwakira 2012, Facebook nibwo yarengeje miliyari y’abantu bayikoresha. Icyo gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika nizo zari zifite umubare munini , miliyoni 146,8 ,hakagukiraho Ubuhinde na miliyoni 84,9 naho  Brasil ikagira miliyoni 61,2 z’abiyandikishije ku rubuga rwa Facebook.

Francetvinfo yatangaje ko ku  itariki 27 Kanama 2015, Facebook yakoze amateka, abantu bagera kuri miliyari bakoresha uru rubuga ku munsi umwe. Ni ukuvuga  ko nibura umuntu umwe mu  bantu barindwi batuye  isi (1/7) yaraye akoresheje uru rubuga nkoranyambaga kuri uwo munsi. Ni ubwa mbere mu mateka y’isi byari bibayeho ko urubuga nkoranyamabaga rugeza kuri uyu mubare mu munsi umwe.

Mu kwezi kwa Kamena 2015, Facebook yabaraga  abantu miliyari n’igice  bayikoresha (Comptes actifs). Uyu mubare wa 1.500.000.000 ni uw'abayikoresha byibuze inshuro 1 mu kwezi. Muri aba nibura miliyoni 968 bakoresha Facebook buri munsi, ni ukuvuga 65% by’umubare w’abakoresha Facebook bose. Ku itariki 15 Mata 2015 Facebook rwakoreshwaga mu ndimi 84. Igiswahili nirwo rurimi rwo muri Afrika y’Iburasirazuba Facebook ikoreshwamo. Ku itariki 30 Kamena 2015,Facebook yari ifite abakozi  10,955  ku isi hose.

Abiyandikishaho nibo bayifasha gukomera no kugira umutungo utabarika

Uko umubare w’abakoresha Facebook wiyongera, ni ubukungu bw’akataraboneka abantu bifuza kwamamaza baba babibonamo, Facebook ikarushaho kunguka, yungukiye ku bayiyandikishaho ku buntu  umunsi ku wundi.

Kugirango Facebook ibashe gukomeza gutera imbere ni uko ahanini ba nyirayo bazi kuyihuza n’igihe tugezemo. Kugeza ubu Facebook imaze kugira uburyo bugezweho bwo kwerekana amashusho (Video), bikaba bikomeje gukurura umubare munini w’abashaka kwamamaza ,ibi bikaba bisa no kwigarurira abantu bibonaga mu rubuga rwa Youtube rusanzwe ruzobereye mu bigendanye n’amashusho. Ibi bigendana no kurushaho kunoza serivisi z’ikoreshwa ry’uru rubuga kuri telefoni ngendanwa cyane cyane iza Smart Phones.

Mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka(mu mezi 6 abanza ya 2015), Facebook yatangaje ko byibuze buri muntu uyikoresha yayinjirije amadorali y’Amerika 2,76 ku mpuzandengo  ku isi(Moyenne). Aya mafaranga asaga gato ibihumbi bibiri (2000 RFW)uyashyize mu manyarwanda. Umuturage wa Amerika ndetse n’uwa Canada umwe ukoresha Facebook yayinjirije amadorali 9,3(6975 RFW),naho umunyaburayi  we yayinjirije nibura amadorali y’Amerika 3,36(2520 RFW) mu mezi atandatu abanza y’umwaka wa 2015. Aya mafaranga yose ,icya kabiri cyayo gituruka mu matangazo yamamaza anyuzwa kuri uru rubuga kuri konti z’abarwiyandikishijeho kuko aribo mutungo wayo hamwe n’ibyo bashyiraho.

Ubutumwa bwamamaza(buri mu ibara ry'ubururu) buyuzwa kuri konti z'abiyandikishije kuri Facebook ni bumwe mubuyinjiriza umutungo utubutse

Mark Zuckerbeg ni umwe mu baherwe ba mbere ku isi  ku myaka 30 abikesheje Facebook 

Muri Gashyantare 2014 ubwo Facebook yuzuzaga imyaka 10 ishinzwe, urubuga eMarketer rwayishyize  ku mwanya wa kabiri mu mbuga zikura amafaranga menshi mu kwamamaza nyuma ya Google. Mu mezi atandatu abanza y’uyu mwaka Facebook yinjije miliyari 7,5 z’Amadorali  y’Amerika harimo Miliyari 1,2 y’inyungu. Mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare 2015 nibwo ubuyobozi bwa Facebook bwatangaje ko bufite nibura abamamaza miliyoni 2 .

Muri Kamena 2015 ,ikinyamakuru Businessinsider cyatangaje ko Facebook imaze kugira agaciro kangana na miliyari 242,7 z’Amadorali y’Amerika.

76% by’amafaranga yinjiye yaturutse  kubakoresha Facebook bifashishije telefoni ngendanwa

Mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2014, Facebook yabaraga abantu miliyari 1,07 bakoreshaga uru rubuga bifashije telefoni ngendanwa mu gihe cy’ukwezi. Mu ntego afite , Mark Zuckerberg washize uru rubuga, ni uko nibura miliyari na miliyoni Magana atatu(1.300.000.000) bazajya bakoresha Facebook mu buryo buhoraho bakoresheje telefoni ngendanwa mu kwezi kumwe . 76% by’amafaranga yose Facebook yinjije mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka yaturutse kuri telefoni ngendanwa. Emarkter itangaza ko muri 2013, Facebook ubwayo yari yihariye 30% by’abamamaza bifashishije Telefoni. 

Uburyo bwo gufasha abakiriya kwihitiramo abakiriya bashaka kugezaho ubutumwa(Self-service ads), ni bimwe mu byishimiwe n’amakompanyi akomeye, atangira kwamamaza kuri Facebook kandi bagatanga amafaranga afatika nkuko bitangazwa na Business Insider mu nyandiko yayo yise ‘How Does Facebook Make Money?. Ubu butumwa bwamamaza bugaragara mu nguni y’iburyo kuri konti y’umuntu ukoresha Facebook.

Imwe mu mibare y’uburyo facebook ikoreshwa

46% bakoresha urubuga rwa Facebook mu gihe bari guhaha ,47%  mbere y’uko bitegura kujya kurya, naho 48% bayikoresha mu gihe bari mu myitozo ngororamubiri. Ubutumwa buhanwahanwa buri segonda (Status) ni 4100. Likes zitangwa ku butumwa buri munota bungana na miliyoni 1,8, naho likes zishyirwa ku butumwa kuri facebook ku munsi ni miliyari 4,5. Ubutumwa (Contenus partagés) buhererekanwa ku munsi ni miliyari 4,5 naho  messages miliyari 10 zikaba arizo zoherezwa buri munsi. Umuntu umwe nibura abarirwa amasaha 6 n’iminota 45 amara kuri Facebook mu gihe cy’ukwezi ku mwe. Amafoto yari kuri Facebook ku itariki 2/09/2015 yari miliyari 240 naho agera kuri miliyoni 350 akaba ariyo ashyirwaho buri munsi. Bakibyuka, abantu 48% bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 34 bahita bafungura Facebook

Amakuru ushyira kuri Facebook ntasibama kandi akoreshwa mu nyungu zayo bwite

Mu kwezi kw’Ukwakira 2011, umunyeshuri ukomoka muri Autriche, Max Schrems yashinjije Facebook kubika amakuru menshi yari yarasibye kuri uru rubuga. Uyu munyeshuri yamaze imyaka 3 akoresha Facebook. Nyuma yaje gusaba guhabwa amakuru yose uru rubuga rwari rumufiteho (données /Data). Max Schrems yahawe CD ikubiyeho amapaji 1200 akubiyemo ubutumwa yohererezanyaga n’inshuti ze, amakuru yashyiragaho, Likes, n’ibindi. Nyuma yo gusoma byose, Max Schrems yasanze Facebook yarakomeje kubika n’amakuru menshi yibwiraga ko yasibye. 

Hamwe mu habikwa amakuru ashyirwa kuri Facebook

Nubwo waba uhagaritse gukoresha Facebook ugasiba  burundu konti yawe, zirikana ko ibyo washyizeho byose bisigara mu bubiko bwa Facebook(Serveurs/Servers) kandi Facebook ikomeza kubikoresha mu nyungu zayo bwite .  Nubwo Facebook itajya ikunda kuvuga umubare wa Serveurs (soma seriveri)ifite zose hamwe, muri 2012, umushakashatsi Hamilton yavuze ko akurikije umuriro ibigo bibamo (data centers)izi seriveri bikoresha, yahamije ko Facebook ishobora kuba ikoresha seriveri 180.000. Mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2015,ikibazo tekiniki  cy’ububiko bwa Facebook cyatumye uru rubuga ruvaho iminota igera kuri 40 ndetse n’urubuga rwa Instagram, bamwe batangira gukeka ko byaba byatewe na ba rushimusi(Hackers) gusa aya makuru yaje guhita anyomozwa n’ubuyobozi bwa Facebook ahubwo bwemeza ko byari byatewe n’ibibazo tekiniki muri seriveri zayo.

Nubwo waba utinjiye kuri konti yawe, Facebook ishobora kumenya aho uherereye

Muri Mutarama 2015 nibwo Facebook yavuguruye amategeko n’amabwiriza(Terms and conditions) ku bantu bayikoresha. Aya mategeko agizwe n’amagambo ibihumbi icumi. Facebook irabizi ubwayo ko abantu benshi batajya bayasoma mbere yo kuyemera, ahubwo ko bahita bayemera nta gusoma bakoroshya ibintu. Amabwiriza mashya yashyizweho akoze mu buryo azajya afasha Facebook gukoresha amakuru ya buri muntu uyikoresha mu nyungu zayo. Aho uzajya uba uri hose, Facebook izajya ihamenya bitewe n’uko wemeye ko izajya ikoresha GPS yawe, Bluetooth ndetse na WIFI kugira ngo imenye aho uherereye. Ibi bikubiye mu ibwiriza rya new location data policy. Kumenya aho uri hose bizayifasha kumenya agace ugezemo bityo ikamenya amatangazo yamamaza ishyira ku rukuta rwawe bitewe nyine n’aho uri. Ikoresheje uburyo bwose twavuze haruguru , Facebook ishobora kumenya aho uherereye nubwo utaba winjiyemo ngo uyikoreshe(Log in). Uku kubasha kukubona aho uri hose nabyo ni bimwe mu bifasha Facebook kwinjiza agatubutse kuko iyi mibare y’abayikoresha nubwo bataba bari ku murongo ariyo yerekwa abashoramari bo mu duce tunyuranye tw’isi maze bakemera kuyiha amatangazo yo kwamamaza ku mafaranga menshi.

Facebook nirwo rubuga nkoranyambaga rwambere rusurwa cyane ku isi.

Niba hari icyo udasobanukiwe cyangwa icyo ushaka ko twazasobanura kurushaho ku rubuga rwa Facebook , watwandikira kuri avichris2810@gmail.com .Iyi email kandi wayoherezaho indi ngingo yose ukeneyeho ko twazagarukaho mu nkuru zacu zitaha.