Ibihe bikomeye yanyuzemo n'aho asize BNR: Iby'ingenzi byaranze Manda y'imyaka 12 ya John Rwangombwa

Kuva muri Gashyantare 2013 ubwo Rwangombwa yagirwaga Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR), ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwagiye butera imbere ku muvuduko mwiza aho nibura buri mwaka buzamuka ku kigero kiri hejuru ya 7%.

Muri gihe cye nk’Umuyobozi wa BNR himakajwe ikoranabuhanga mu bijyanye na serivisi z’imari. Urugero imibare iheruka ya BNR igaragaza ko mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari 2021/2022, amafaranga yahererekanyijwe binyuze kuri telefone (Mobile Banking) yiyongereye ku kigero cya 58 % ugereranyije n’umwaka wabanje, akava kuri miliyari 4.707 Frw akagera kuri miliyari 6.616 Frw.

John Rwangombwa yakoze mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda zirimo Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro, Minisiteri y’Imari n’Igenamigambi ndetse aza kuyiyobora guhera mu 2009.

Muri icyo gihe nibwo hari hari gushyirwa mu bikorwa gahunda ya mbere y’Imbaturabukungu (EDPRSI) igamije kugabanya ubukene, yasize ubukene mu Rwanda bugabanyutseho 12 % guhera mu 2006 kugeza 2011.

Mu mwaka wa 2015 ubwo yari amaze imyaka ibiri ayoboye BNR, yahawe igihembo cya Guverineri wa Banki nkuru w’Umwaka muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara.

Mu mpera z'umwaka ushize ubwo yaganiraga na RBA, Guverineri ucyuye igihe wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, John Rwangombwa, yatangaje ko kimwe mu byatumye u Rwanda rwikura mu rwobo rw’ubukene rwarimo, harimo no gukoresha umutungo muke wari uhari, ukabyazwa umusaruro mwinshi.

Ati: “Mu igenamigambi rya Leta, ni uko twabaga tuzi aho tugana, mu kugena imari ya Leta n’uko izakora, hashyirwaho uburyo butandukanye. Icya mbere ni uko amafaranga uko angana uko ari ko kose tuyabyaza umusaruro mwinshi ushoboka, amafaranga agakurikiranwa, uko yakoreshejwe bikagomba gusobanuka.”

Iyi mikorere niyo yatumye hashyirwaho Icyerekezo 2020 kinafasha gukurikiranwa neza, imigambi Leta yari yihaye ibasha gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku kigero gishimishije.

Impuzandengo y’amafaranga yinjizwa n’umuturage nayo yarazamutse cyane igera ku 1040$, ikazagera ku bihumbi 4$ mu 2035 ndetse n’ibihumbi 12$ mu 2050.

Ibi bizagerwaho binyuze muri gahunda za Leta zirimo kugeza uburezi kuri bose, ari nazo zizatuma gahunda yo kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku burezi zishoboka.

Uretse ibi, iterambere ry’ibikorwa birimo ibyanya by’inganda biri gutanga umusaruro muri rusange.

Ku bijyanye n’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda, manda ebyiri za Guverineri John Rwangombwa muri Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) zaranzwe n'ibihe byihariye byatumye igihugu gitera imbere mu buryo budasanzwe. 

Mu gihe cy’imyaka 12, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwazamutse ku muvuduko utunguranye, maze buva mu bihe bikomeye cyane, bugaruka mu rugendo rwo kwiyubaka. Ibikorwa by’amavugurura y’ubukungu bw’igihugu ni intambwe nziza u Rwanda rwateye ku rwego rw’imari.

Nyuma y'uko asimbuwe na Soraya Hakuziyaremye, John Rwangombwa, Guverineri ucyuye igihe muri Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR), yagarutse ku iterambere asigiye iyo Banki yakoreye no mu bihe bikomeye yanyuzemo.

Yashimangiye ko BNR asize ifite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kugenzura iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’Igihugu.

Ku wa Kabiri tariki ya 25 Gashyantare 2025, Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame ni bwo yasimbuje Rwangombwa John, Hakuziyaremye Soraya wari umwungirije ku mwanya wa Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda.

Rwangombwa yasobanuriye RBA ko mu gihe kingana n’imyaka 12 yari amaze kuri uyu mwanya, hakozwe amavugurura menshi agamije kuzamura urwego rwa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu, no kuzamura ubukungu bw’u Rwanda muri rusange.

Ibihe bikomeye yanzuzemo ayobora BNR

Rwangombwa yavuze ko mu gihe yari amaze ayobora Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, ibihe bikomeye yanyuzemo ari iby’icyorezo cya COVID 19, kuko u Rwanda kimwe n’ibindi bihugu batari bazi aho ubukungu bwerekeza.

Icyakora yavuze ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ingamba zikomeye zigamije guhangana n’ingaruka z’icyo cyorezo, gusa avuga ko ari igihe adashobora kwibagirwa.

Ati: “Nubwo twagize ubukungu bwasubiye hasi muri icyo gihe ariko twabivuyemo neza, kurusha uko twabyumvaga icyorezo kigitangira.”

Ku bindi bihe bikomeye yibuka ubwo yari ayoboye BNR, Rwangombwa yagize ati: “Mu myaka 3 ishize, 2022-2024, twagize umuvuduko w’ibiciro ku masoko uri hejuru cyane, nka Banki Nkuru niba hari iki kibi kibaho ni ukugira ibiciro ku masoko biri hejuru.”

Yavuze ko kwigobotora icyo kibazo nka BNR ari ibintu bitari byoroshye kuko itari ibifiteho ubwigenge, cyane ko uko gutumbagira kw’ibiciro byari bishingiye ku musaruro w’ibihingwa utari waragenze neza.

Yanavuze ko byaterwaga n’ibibazo biri ku rwego mpuzamahanga bishingiye ku ntambara zari ziriho harimo iy’u Burusiya na Ukraine.

Rwangombwa ati: “Ntabwo dushobora kubyibagirwa. Ariko icyiza twakuyemo ni uko turushaho kumva igisobanuro cy’ubukungu bwacu n’ubukungu mpuzamahanga no gufata ibyemezo.”

Yunzemo ati: “Kuva ngeze muri BNR kuva muri 2013, ni bwo bwa mbere twari tuzamuye urwunguko rwa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu. Abantu byaranabakanze”.

Ni he asize Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu ucyuye igihe, John Rwangombwa agaragaza ko aho asize iyi banki ari heza kuko ubu ifite abakozi bafite ubushobozi nubwo Isi ihorana impinduka.

Ati: “Ni Banki ishobora gukurikirana ibibera mu bukungu bw’Igihugu cyacu, mu rwego rw’imari n’amabanki n’ibindi, kandi no gukumira ikibi icyo ari cyo cyose.”

Yashimangiye ko kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho ari uko hashyizweho politiki  inoze y’ifaranga hagendewe ku ho Isi igeze.

Yavuze ko yishimira aho ubu BNR igeze kuko ari umusemburo w’iterambere ry’igihugu kiri mu nzira y’iterambere.

Rwangombwa kandi yumvikanishije ko BNR ikomeje imikoranire myiza n’izindi nzego kandi ikubahiriza amategeko ayigenga.

Kuva mu gihe cya Rwangombwa, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwahinduye isura. Nyuma y'uko atwaye BNR, igihugu cyazamutse mu bucuruzi, inganda, ikoranabuhanga, ndetse no mu bukungu rusange, ku buryo buzaba igihangange muri Afurika mu gihe kiri imbere. Ni muri urwo rwego, Guverineri Soraya Hakuziyaremye agiye kugera ku ntego zo gukomeza kubaka u Rwanda rukomeye.

Dore iby'ingenzi byaranze manda ze:

1.     Guhabwa ibihembo mpuzamahanga
John Rwangombwa yahawe ibihembwa bitandukanye mu gihe cy’ubuyobozi bwe, harimo igihembo cya "Guverineri w’Umwaka" yahawe mu 2021 kubera uruhare rwe mu guteza imbere urwego rw’imari mu Rwanda, agera ku musaruro udasanzwe w’ubukungu.

2.     Kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga mu mikoreshereze y’ubukungu
Rwangombwa yashyizeho ingamba z’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu rwego rw’imari, aho gukoresha Mobile Banking byatumye umubare w’amafaranga yoherezwa cyangwa yishyurwa kuri telefoni yiyongera cyane, ugera kuri miliyari 6.6 Frw mu mwaka wa 2022, ibyafashije abaturage kubona serivisi z’imari mu buryo bworoshye.

3.  Kwaguka kw'isoko ry'imari n'imigabane
Ku buyobozi bwa Rwangombwa, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yateje imbere isoko ry’imari n’imigabane, ikaba yarashyizeho amategeko akomeye yo kubungabunga inyungu z’abashoramari. Buri gihembwe, isoko ry’imari ryaragukaga, rigateza imbere ishoramari rigezweho, no gukurikirana imikorere y’ubukungu.

4 Guteza Imbere inganda n'ishoramari mu Gihugu
Guverineri Rwangombwa yashyigikiye inganda n'ishoramari mu turere dutandukanye, bituma ibikorwa by'inganda bigira uruhare mu musaruro mbumbe w'igihugu. Inganda zikora ibintu bitandukanye nko gutunganya ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa byinjije miliyari 1.473 Frw mu mwaka wa 2022/2023, bivuze ko igice cy’inganda cyafashe umwanya utaziguye mu kongera umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu.

Politiki y’Igihugu ijyanye no guteza imbere inganda yemejwe mu 2011, bituma mu turere twa Muhanga, Musanze, Bugesera, Huye, Nyagatare n’ahandi bashyiraho ibyanya by’inganda.

Ishoramari riri mu byanya by’inganda zo mu turere dutandukanye ubu risaga miliyoni 308$, kandi zikoresha baturage benshi bo muri ibyo bice, zikanabagurira umusaruro uva mu bikorwa bitandukanye bakora.

Ni mu gihe icyanya cy’inganda cya Kigali cyo kigizwe n’inganda zirenga 156, kirimo ishoramari rirenga miliyari 2$, kigaha akazi abarenga ibihumbi 15.

5. Iterambere ry'ubukungu bushingiye ku burezi
Rwangombwa yashyize imbere gahunda ya Vision 2020, ndetse n’imishinga ijyanye no guteza imbere ubukungu bushingiye ku burezi. Buri munyeshuri uganira kuri gahunda z’uburezi bw’ibanze, kandi abanyarwanda benshi bagera ku byiza binyuze mu mashuri, bikabafasha mu mibereho yabo.

6.     Politiki y'ifaranga no gukemura ibibazo by'izamuka ry'ibiciro
U Rwanda rwagize imikorere y’ingufu mu guhangana n’izamuka ry’ibiciro mu masoko, ndetse ku buyobozi bwa Rwangombwa, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yabashije kugenzura neza iyubahirizwa rya politiki y'ifaranga no kugenzura uburyo bwo kurinda agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu.

7.     Kwigobotora ubukene ku Baturarwanda
Igenzura ry’imibereho y’abaturage ryagaragaje ko ubukene bwagabanyutse bikomeye, ku buryo mu 2017, ubukene bwari kuri 38,2%, ibintu byari byaratewe inkunga n’ingamba za politiki y’iterambere (EDPRS) n’izindi gahunda zigamije kugabanya ubukene no guteza imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage.

8.     Kwiyubaka mu rwego rw'ibikorwaremezo no kwagura imishinga
Rwangombwa yakoze mu buryo bufatika mu kwiyubakira inzego z'ibanze mu Rwanda, cyane cyane mu rwego rw’ibikorwaremezo, bituma ibikorwa byo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, ndetse n’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi, birushaho kugenda neza.

9.     Kongera ubumenyi mu bijyanye n'ubukungu bw'Isi
Ku buyobozi bwa Rwangombwa, Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yahisemo gukurikirana no guhuza ubushobozi bw'ubukungu bw’igihugu n’ibindi bihugu bikomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Ubu buryo bwatumye u Rwanda ruba kimwe mu bihugu by'icyitegererezo mu guhangana n'ibibazo by'ubukungu ku isi.

10. Kugira imikoranire myiza n’Amabanki Mpuzamahanga

Ku buyobozi bwa Rwangombwa, Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda yagiye ishyiraho ubufatanye n’amabanki mpuzamahanga, bigafasha mu korohereza ishoramari no gutanga imari mu bihugu bigize umugabane wa Afurika no ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

John Rwangombwa yari amaze imyaka 12 ayobora Banki Nkuru y'u Rwanda