Byakoreshejwe n'Abakurambere: Ibicurangisho 8 bikuze kurusha ibindi ku Isi

Kuva kera, umiziki wahozeho aho bamwe mu bakurambere b'ikiremwa muntu bifashishaga ibikoresho karemano nk'amagufwa y'inyamaswa, amabuye n'ibindi mu gukora ibicurangisho bitandukanye.

Abakurambere bagiye bagaragaza ko umuziki ari isoko y'ibyishimo nubwo hatazwi neza igihe nyacyo abantu ba mbere batangiriye gukora imiziki, hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko ibikoresho by’imiziki bimwe byakozwe imyaka irenga 40,000 ishize, hagendewe ku byo abashakashatsi ku bisigatamatongo babivuga ndetse n'igihe igicurangisho cya mbere cyabayeho.

Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko n'umuntu wa mbere wageze i Burayi ashobora kuba yarafite kimwe mu bicurangisho by'umuziki. Bivugwa ko imiziki ishobora kuba yaratangiye gukora mu myaka 50,000 ishize, igihe abantu batangiye gukora ibishushanyo, imitako, gusingiza ibigirwamana no gukora imihango yo gushyingura.

Ibicurangisho byagiye bivumburwa n'abakora ubushakashatsi ku bisigatamatongo mu duce dutandukanye tw'isi: 

1. Geisenklösterle Flutes

Iki gicurangisho kimaze imyaka iri hagati ya 42,000 na 43,000 ishize, kikaba cyarabonetse mu buvumo bwitwa Geisenklösterle muri Blaubeuren mu gihugu cy'u Budage(Germany), byakorwaga mu magufwa y'inyoni yo mu bwoko Mute Swan ndetse no mu nyamaswa yitwa Mammoth.

Ibi bicurangisho bya Flutes uko ari bitatu byabonetse ahantu mu buvumo bwa  Geisenklösterle akaba ari cyo gicurangisho cya mbere gikuze  ku Isi. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko Flutes yakoreshwaga mu buryo bwo gutera ubwoba ndetse no kongera igitinyiro.

2. Divje Babe Flute

Iki Igicurangisho kimaze imyaka 43,100 ishize gikozwe, kikaba cyarabonetse mu gace ka Cerkno muri Slovenia, cyari gikozwe mu igufwa ry'Idubu. 

Imyaka myinshi Divje Babe Flute yagizwe nka kimwe mu bikoresho by’umiziki bimaze igihe kirekire. Mu mwaka wa 2015, ubushakashatsi bwashyizweho bwavuze ko iki gicurangisho ari igice cy’inyama cyahekenywe n'impyisi. Gusa kugeza ubu, kibitswe mu Ngoro Ndangamurage ya Slovenia.

3. Hohle Fels Flute

Iki gicurangisho kimaze imyaka iri hagati ya 35,000 na 40,000 ishize kibayeho, cyabonetse  mu buvumo bwa Hohle Fels mu 2008, mu gace kitwa Baden-Württemberg mu Budage, iki gicurangisho gikoze mu igufwa ry'inkongoro(igisiga).

Iki gicurangisho ni kimwe mu bifite ishusho nziza kandi gishobora gukoreshwano no ku munsi wa none. 

4. Isturitz Flutes

Iki gicurangisho kimaze imyaka hagati 20,000 na 35,000 ishize, cyavumbuwe mu Bufaransa, kikaba gikoze mu igufwa ryo kw'ibaba ry'igisiga cyitwa Inkongoro. 

Ibyinshi muri ibi bicurangisho byabonetse byarangiritse, uretse bibiri byakozwe n'abantu bo mu bwoko bwa Gravettian bimaze hagati y'imyaka 22,000 na 28,000. Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ibi bicurangisho bigaragara nk'ibyakoreshejwe kuko usanga aho bafata harangiritse.

5. Bullroarer

Iki gicurangisho kimaze imyaka iri 20,000 ishize.

Bivugwa ko ibi bicurangisho byagiye bigaragara ahenshi ku Isi, ariko ibishaje cyane byagaragaye muri Ukraine n'u Bufaransa kikaba gikoze mu rubaho. 

Bullroarer ni igikoresho cyakoreshwaga n'abakurambere mu mihango y'umuco, mu itumanaho ku ntera ndende.

Igicurangisho gishaje cyabonetse muri Ukraine ibindi bigaragara mui Burayi,muri  Aziya, Afurika,u Buhinde , Australia no muri Amerika.

6. Lithophones

Igicurangisho kimaze imyaka hagati ya 4,000 na 10,000 ishize, cyagiye kugaragara ahantu henshi ku Isi, ariko igishaje cyabonetse mu Buhinde  na Vietnam. 

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko icyabonetse muri Vietnam cyitwa Dan Da gifite amabuye cumi na rimwe yegeranye rimwe ku rindi.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ayo mabuye uko urikubiseho ikintu ritanga ijwi runaka.

7. Jiahu Flutes

Iki gicurangisho kimaze imyaka hagati ya 7,000 na 9,000 ishize, cyavumbuwe mu Bushinwa gikozwe mu gufwa ry'umusambi. 

Mu bicurangisho byabonetse 32, bitandatu muri byo nibyo bizima kandi bigaragara ko byakoreshwa. Iki gicurangisho kiba gifite kuva ku myobo 5,6,7 cyangwa 8.

8. Tutankhamun’s Trumpets

Iki gicurangisho kimaze imyaka 3,340 cyagaragaye mu Misiri(Egypt), kikaba gikoze mu mabuye y'agaciro akomeye harimo "Silver, Bronze na Copper".

Iki gicurangisho kiri mu bwoko bw'umwirongi bivugwa ko muri ibi bicurangisho byose iki ari cyo cyakoreshajwe kenshi na benshi.

Cyabonetse mu 1922  kivumbuwe n'umushakashatsi mu bijyanye n'ibisigaramatongo,Howard Carter, igihe bacukuraga imva ya Pharaoh.

Mu mwaka wa 1939 uyu mwirongi wacuranzwe imbona nkubone kandi byanyuze kuri Radio y'ikinyamakuru BBC nk'uko tubikanye  ibinyamakuru bitandukanye birimo Oldest.org.