Amerika: Ibyago ku nguzanyo z’Abanyeshuri mu Ifungwa ry’ishami ry’Uburezi

Mu gihe Ishami rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika rishinzwe Uburezi ryafungwa, ingaruka z’iki cyemezo ku nguzanyo z’abanyeshuri zaba nyinshi kandi zikomeye. 

Iri shami rifite inshingano zo gucunga gahunda z’inguzanyo za federal, zirimo gutanga no kwishyuza inguzanyo zitangwa ku banyeshuri biga mu mashuri makuru n’ayisumbuye.

Gahunda y’inguzanyo z’abanyeshuri muri Amerika yagiye ihindagurika mu myaka yashize. Mu 1965, hatangijwe gahunda ya Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFEL), yatangaga inguzanyo zishyigikiwe na leta ariko zitangwa n’ibigo byigenga. 

Iyi gahunda yarangiye mu 2010, isimburwa na Federal Direct Student Loan Program, aho inguzanyo zitangwa na leta ubwayo.

Mu gihe Ishami rishinzwe Uburezi ryafungwa, inshingano zo gucunga inguzanyo z’abanyeshuri zishobora kwimurirwa mu zindi nzego za leta cyangwa mu bigo byigenga. 

Ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye mu micungire y’inguzanyo, birimo gutinda mu kwishyura, guhindura gahunda zo kubabarirwa inguzanyo, cyangwa kwivanga mu mitangire ya serivisi z’inguzanyo. 

Nk'uko byagaragajwe na Newsweek, bishobora gutera urujijo ku banyeshuri bafite inguzanyo bashaka kumenya aho bazishyurira cyangwa uburyo bwo kubabarirwa inguzanyo zabo.

Gahunda nk’iya Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), itanga amahirwe yo kubabarirwa inguzanyo ku banyeshuri bakora imirimo ya Leta cyangwa iy’ubwitange, ishobora kugenda biguru ntege mu gihe impinduka ziba mu micungire y’inguzanyo. 

By’umwihariko, inguzanyo zatanzwe muri gahunda ya FFEL ntabwo zari zikwiriye muri iyi gahunda, bigatuma hari abashobora gusigarana umwenda mu gihe bari biteze kubabarirwa.

Mu gihe byakorwa neza, kwimurira inshingano mu zindi nzego za leta cyangwa mu bigo byigenga bishobora kugabanya akajagari mu micungire y’inguzanyo z’abanyeshuri. 

Ariko kandi, kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo bishobora kuvuka, ni ingenzi ko leta itegura gahunda zisobanutse, zifasha abanyeshuri kumenya aho bahagaze mu kwishyura no mu kubona serivisi z'inguzanyo zabo.

Ifungwa ry’Ishami ry’Uburezi muri Amerika rishobora guteza ibibazo byinshi mu micungire y’inguzanyo z’abanyeshuri. 

Ni ngombwa ko leta itegura neza uburyo bwo gucunga izi nguzanyo, kandi abanyeshuri bagahabwa amakuru ahagije kugira ngo birinde ingorane mu kwishyura no mu micungire y’inguzanyo zabo.