Qatar; Igihugu gikataje mu kugura ubutaka mu bindi bihugu, ese imbarutso y’ubukungu bw’iki gihugu ishingiye kuki?

Abaturage ba Qatar bari batuye mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n’ubutaka bwo mu butayu aho ikigero cy’ubushyuhe mu ki buzamuka kugera ku kigero cya dogere celsius 50. Mu myaka yashize iki gihugu cyakolonezwaga n’Abongereza.

Mu myaka yo hambere iki gihugu cyakuraga amafaranga mu burobyi. N’ubwo ahantu hacukurwa amavuta havumbuwe bwambere mu w’i 1938 ibintu byatangiye guhinduka ariko n’ubundi igihugu cyigifite ubukene,

Ibi  byabaye kubera ko ahari habonetse amavuta hatari hanini cyane ku buryo havamo amafaranga ahagije. Mu w’i 1970 ni bwo habaye ikintu gikomeye, ikirombe cya peteroli kinini ku isi cyavumbuwe mu Majyaruguru y'icyo gihugu.

Ubwo Qatar yabonaga ubwigenge ku gihugu cy’Ubwongereza mu w’i 1971, umwami Emir wayoboraga icyo gihe yari yarabonye ko uburyo bumwe bwo guhindura ubukungu bw’igihugu cye ari ugushora amafaranga mu bikorwa by’ubushakashatsi ndetse no guteza imbere gucukura no kugurisha peteroli yari imaze kuvumburwa mu gihugu cye.

Qatar yatangiye kugurisha peteroli mu bihugu bitandukanye ku isi. Nibwo yatangiye kwiyubaka iva ku gihugu cyahoze kiri mu bikennye ku isi bitunzwe n’uburobyi, iba igihugu gikize giteye imbere cyane mu bikorwa remezo ndetse n’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu uriyongera ku buryo butangaje.

Ibihugu byinshi bikora ubucuruzi bwa peteroli ndetse bikanakuramo amafaranga menshi, gusa ikibazo gikunze kwibazwa ni aho ayo mafaranga ajya. Urugero nk’igihugu cya Venezuela amafaranga cyakuraga muri peteroli yarasesagurwaga ndetse hakaba na ruswa cyane byatumye iki gihugu gisubira inyuma ndetse ubu kikaba kibarirwa mu bihugu bifite ubukungu bumeze nabi.Qatar yafashe inzira itandukanye, ifata amafaranga ava muri peteroli iyashora mu kubaka umujyi ugezweho wa Doha ari nawo murwa mukuru w’icyo gihugu. Qatar kandi yanashinze ikigega cy’ubukungu cyihariye cyashyiriweho nk'ubwizigame bw’ahazaza, kikaba kimaze kugira umutungo ungana na $335 miliyali.

Umusaruro mbumbe w'iki gihugu muri uyu mwaka ugeze kuri 44.9 USD miliyal, 70% aturuka mu misoro iva mubucukuzi bwa peteroli, 60% aturuka mu musaruro mbumbe w’igihugu naho 85% aturuka mu byo igihugu cyohereza mu mahanga. Ikigereranyo cy’amafaranga umuturage wa Qatar yinjiza ku mwaka angana na $70.779 bigira Qatar igihugu cya gatandatu gikize ku isi.

Uretse guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo ndetse n’ubuvuzi uburezi muri Qatar burakomeye ndetse kwiga mu mashuri abanza ni Ubuntu. Mu mashuri ya leta abanyeshuri bahabwa ibitabo ku buntu ndetse bakanahabwa amafaranga yo kujya ndetse no kuva ku ishuri nka tike.  Igihugu cya Qatar kiri mu bifite ama kaminuza akomeye by’umwihariko mu bihugu by’Abarabu.

Qatar yashyize imbaraga mu guteza imbere uburinganire, itanga amahirwe angana ku bagore n’abagabo. Biri no mu ntego Qatar yagiye yiha mu myaka itandukanye kuva 2011-2016 ndetse na 2018-2022. Igikomangoma cya Qatar Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani yatangaje ko bagiye gutanga uburezi abana b’abakobwa bagera kuri miliyoni.

Mu rwego rwo kwirinda kuzahura n’ikibazo cy’amapfa, Qatar igenda igura ubutaka mu bihugu bitandukanye. Muri Qatar ntibakunze guhinga bitewe nuko hari ubutayu, bituma iki gihugu kigenda kigura ubutaka bwo guhingamo mu bihugu nka Sudan na Austraria ndetse banatangije umushinga w’ubuhinzi mu bihugu bitandukanye nka Brazil, Kenya, Ukraine n’ibindi.

Igikomangoma cya Qatar cyanatangaje ko bagiye gushora amafaranga mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi imbere mu gihugu.

Qatar yatoranyijwe kuzakira igikombe cy’isi kizaba muri 2022.Igishushanyo mbonera cya lusail Stadium imwe mu zizakira igikombe cy'isi