Abahanga muri siyansi bo muri Australia batangiye kugerageza ebyiri mu nkingo zishobora kuzaba iza coronavirus, mu magerageza y'"ingenzi" yo muri 'laboratoire'.
Izo
nkingo zakozwe na Kaminuza ya Oxford yo mu Bwongereza na kompanyi Inovio
Pharmaceuticals yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Amerika.
Zahawe
uruhushya n'ishami ry'umuryango w'abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO) rwo
kugeragerezwa ku nyamaswa.
Ikigo
cya Australia cyita ku bumenyi bwa siyansi kizagenzura niba izo nkingo zikora,
ndetse niba nta ngaruka zagira ku bantu.
Igerageza
rya mbere ry'urukingo ku bantu ryabereye muri Amerika mu kwezi gushize kwa
gatatu, ariko risimbuka icyiciro cyo kubanza kugeragerezwa ku nyamaswa.
Hari
izindi nkingo nyinshi zirimo gukorwa mu bice bitandukanye by'isi muri iki gihe,
kandi ku muvuduko udasanzwe.
Ariko
izo nkingo ziri kugeragezwa n'ikigo cya Australia cya siyansi n'ubushakashatsi
bugari gishamikiye ku muryango wa Commonwealth (CSIRO) zirihariye, nkuko
kibivuga.
Ikigo CSIRO kivuga ko ayo magerageza azaba abaye aya
mbere yimbitse yo ku nyamaswa abanziriza ko izo nkingo zigeragerezwa ku barwayi
nyabarwayi.
Abashakashatsi
bavuga ko umuvuduko n'ubufatanye ku rwego rw'isi byatumye iki cyiciro
cy'igerageza kigerwaho mu buryo butari bwarigeze bubaho mbere.
Dr
Rob Grenfell wo mu kigo CSIRO yabwiye abanyamakuru kuri uyu wa kane ati:
"Ubusanzwe
bifata hafi igihe cy'umwaka umwe kugera ku myaka ibiri kugira ngo hagerwe kuri
iki cyiciro, none mu by'ukuri twakigabanyije kiba igihe cy'amezi macye".
Mu minsi micye ishize, itsinda ry'abashakashatsi bo
mu kigo CSIRO bashyize ingero z'izo nkingo mu nyamaswa z'inyamabere zo mu
muryango w'agasamunyiga.
Byamaze
kugaragara ko izo nyamaswa zo mu muryango w'agasamunyiga zandura coronavirus mu
buryo bumwe nkuko abantu bayandura.
Sars-CoV-2
ni bwo bwoko bwa coronavirus butera indwara yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero ya
Covid-19. Ku isi ubu hari gukorwa inkingo zigera kuri 20 za Covid-19.
Rero
ikigo CSIRO kirikugerageza ebyiri muri izo zatoranyijwe n'urugaga rwo ku isi
ruri kugenzura bwinshi mu bushakashatsi bugamije kubona urukingo.
Urwo
rugaga rwitwa 'Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations'.
Uburyo bumwe bushobora kuzavamo urukingo nyirizina
bwakozwe na Kaminuza ya Oxford. Ni urukingo mwikorezi (vector vaccine),
rukoresha virusi 'mpimbano' rwifitemo.
Bityo
rugashyira intungamubiri za coronavirus mu bwirinzi bw'umubiri, ubundi rukareba
uko bigenda n'uko umubiri ubyitwaramo.
Profeseri
Trevor Drew ukuriye 'Laboratoire' ya Australia ipima ibijyanye n'ubuzima
bw'inyamaswa aho iryo gerageza riri gukorerwa, yagize ati:
"Ariko
ntabwo ziyongera [intungamubiri z'iyo coronavirus y'inkorano]…rero ntabwo
bishoboka ko umuntu yarwara bitewe n'uru rukingo".
Yavuze
ko urundi rukingo ruri kugeragezwa - rwa kompanyi ikora imiti Inovio
Pharmaceuticals - "rutandukanye cyane [n'urwo rundi] ariko
rurashimishije".
Rwakorewe
gutahura intungamubiri (proteins) zimwe na zimwe coronavirus ishyira mu
bwirinzi bw'umubiri, zigatuma utunyangingo tw'umubiri twihutira gukora nk'izo
ntungamubiri mbere yuko ubwirinzi bw'umubiri butangira kugira icyo buzikoraho.
Profeseri
Drew yagize ati: "Ni ingenzi cyane gukoresha uburyo bwo gushakiriza
henshi. Biduha amahirwe menshi cyane yo kugera ku ntsinzi".
Ibyavuyemo tuzabimenya hafi ryari
hashoboka?
Abo
bahanga muri siyansi bavuze ko ibya mbere mu bizava muri ayo magerageza
y'inkingo ku nyamaswa bishobora gutangazwa mu kwezi kwa gatandatu uyu mwaka.
Mu
gihe byaba bitanze umusaruro mwiza, izo nkingo zahita zoherezwa kugeragerezwa
ku barwayi, bigakorerwa muri za 'laboratoire' z'ahandi ku isi.
Kuri icyo cyiciro, kwihutira kugeza uwo muti ku
isoko bishobora guhita byihutishwa cyane, ariko impuguke ziburira ko haba
hagisigaye nibura amezi 18 ngo urwo rukingo ruhabwe ibyangombwa ndetse
rusuzumwe n'ubuziranenge.
Nk'urugero,
urukingo rwa Kaminuza ya Oxford ubu ruri no gukorerwa igerageza mu yindi
'laboratoire' ku yindi nyamaswa yo mu bundi bwoko, kugira ngo rwuzuze ibisabwa
n'amategeko yo muri Amerika.
Dr
Grenfell yagize ati:
"Mu
by'ukuri ibishobora kuvamo inkingo byose biba bihuriweho na za kompanyi
n'imiryango myinshi kuko nta muryango umwe rukumbi ushobora mu by'ukuri gukora
urukingo [wonyine]".
Ariko
yavuze ko "afite icyizere" ku kizava muri ayo magerageza, ashingiye
ku bufatanye bw'abantu n'ibigo bitandukanye ku isi bari kuyagiramo uruhare.
Ati:
"Ubu ni ubufatanye bw'ukuri mu rwego rw'ubushakashatsi, muri rubanda
ndetse n'abikorera ku giti cyabo kugira ngo rwose tugere ku ntsinzi aho ibintu
bigeze ubu".
Src: BBC
TANGA IGITECYEREZO