Koroshya ishoramari mu byatumye umubare w'ibigo by’ubucuruzi wiyongera mu Rwanda

U Rwanda rufite intego yo kuzaba ruri mu bihugu 10 bya mbere birusha ibindi korohereza ishoramari mu 2035, rurashaka kandi kuzaba ruri mu bihugu 20 bya mbere bifite ubukungu buhagaze neza kurusha ibindi mu 2035 no mu bihugu 10 bya mbere ku Isi bikora neza mu rwego rw’ubukungu mu 2050.

Muri icyo gihe kandi impuzandengo y’izamuka ry’ubukungu (ibarirwa ku musaruro mbumbe w’imbere mu gihugu, GDP) igomba kuba nibura ku kigero cya 12% hagati ya 2018 na 2035 na 10% hagati ya 2036 na 2050.

Raporo y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR), igaragaza ko ibigo by’ubucuruzi byavutse mu myaka 10 ishize birenga ibihumbi 269, umubare munini muri byo ukaba iby’abikorera kuko byihariye 95.9% by’ibigo by’ubucuruzi byose byashinzwe.

Imibare igaragaza ko ishoramari rikorwa buri mwaka ryiganjemo iry’Abanyarwanda, ariko n’abanyamahanga bakomeza kubenguka u Rwanda. Mu 2023 gusa arenga miliyari 2,4$ yashowe mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu gihugu.

Raporo ya NISR yasohotse muri Kamena 2024, igaragaza ko ibigo by’ubucuruzi byashinzwe kuva mu 2014 kugeza mu 2023 byikubye hafi kabiri kuko byavuye kuri 154.236 bigera kuri 269.326 mu 2023.

Iyi raporo igaragaza ko ibigo 95,9% byashinzwe n’abikorera, ibigo 2.017 ari imiryango itari iya Leta y’imbere mu gihugu na ho imiryango mvamahanga itari iya Leta ni 656. Ibigo byashinzwe na za koperative ni 2.496, ibyashinzwe ku bufatanye bwa Leta n’abikorera ni 2,047, mu gihe ibigo bya Leta bikora ubucuruzi ari 3.830.

Ni raporo ihamya ko ibigo byabaruwe ari ibyo basanze bigikora kandi bigitanga imisoro mu gihe cyo gukusanya amakuru. Bigaragara ko ibigo by’ubucuruzi byiyongereyeho 15% kuva mu 2020, kuko byavuye kuri 226.359 bigera kuri 261.549 mu 2023.

Imibare igaragaza ko ibigo by’ubucuruzi bunini n’ubuto ari byo byiganje mu bigo bishingwa kuko byiharira 76,7%, hagakurikiraho serivisi z’amacumbi n’ubucuruzi bw’ibiribwa, hamwe n’uburezi biri mu bigo bihangwa cyane.

NISR igaragaza ko ibigo byinshi by’ubucuruzi byashinzwe mu Rwanda muri iyi myaka 10 ishize biri mu cyiciro cy’ibito cyane, kuko ibigera kuri 92,2% bikoresha hagati y’umukozi umwe na batatu, mu gihe ibigo bito bikoresha abakozi bari hagati ya bane na 30 ari 16.730, bingana na 6,4%, ibigo biciriritse bifite abakozi bari hagati ya 31 na 100 ni 3.103 bigize ijanisha rya 1,2% mu gihe ibigo by’ubucuruzi binini bifite abakozi barenga 100 mu mwaka wa 2023 byari 537 gusa, bingana na 0,2%.

Ikindi kigaragaramo ni uko ibi bigo birenga 93,7% ari iby’Abanyarwanda, 1% ari ubufatanye hagati y’Abanyarwanda n’Abanyamahanga mu gihe 5,2% hatamenyekanye ba nyirabyo.

NISR igaragaza ko ubusesenguzi yakoze bwerekanye ko ibigo byinshi bigikora neza byashinzwe hagati ya 2021 na 2023 kuko bigera 145.402. Ibigo byose muri rusange byahaye akazi abagera kuri 927,739, barimo abagabo 523,170 bangana na 56% mu gihe abagore ari 404.569 bangana na 44%.

Muri rusange amahirwe yo kubona akazi kubera ibigo bishya bishingwa, yiyongereye ku ijanisha rya 30,2%, ariko yiganje cyane mu bikorwa byerekeye amashanyarazi, gaz, n’ubucuruzi bw’ibyuma bitanga ubukonje mu nzu kuko ababikoramo bavuye kuri 946 mu 2014 bakagera kuri 2.279 mu 2023, abakora mu byerekeye imyidagaduro n’ubuhanzi bavuye kuri 1.139 bagera ku 2.673, na ho mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro bavuye kuri 15.793 bagera kuri 32.860.

Ni mu gihe raporo Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare yagaragaje ko ishoramari mvamahanga ryakozwe mu rwego rw’abikorera mu mwaka wa 2022 ryageze kuri miliyoni 658.3$, ni ukuvuga asaga miliyari 848 Frw, bigaragaza izamuka rya 21.1% ugereranyije n’umwaka wa 2021.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe kuri sosiyete z’ubucuruzi 384 ariko muri zo 329 ni zo zashoboye gusubiza ibibazo byabazwaga.

Buri mu murongo w’amavugurura u Rwanda rwakoze mu kuzamura ishoramari rikomoka mu mahanga hagamijwe iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Imibare yashyizwe ahagaragara muri Mata 2024 n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare igaragaza ko ishoramari ryakozwe n’abantu cyangwa ibigo bigura imigabane cyangwa bashora imari yabo mu bigo by’abikorera mu Rwanda, cyangwa batangiza ibigo bishya by’ubucuruzi ryiyongereye mu mwaka wa 2022.

Iri shoramari ryakozwe ahanini ryibanze cyane mu rwego rw’imari rwihariye 33.6% mu gihe urwego rw’inganda rwo rugize 18.6%. Mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi hashowe 14.4% mu gihe urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rufite ijanisha rya 9%.

Iyi raporo igaragaza ko Ibirwa bya Maurice ari cyo gihugu kiza ku isonga mu ishoramari ry’abikorera ryinjiye mu Rwanda, aho cyihariye 31.8% n’ishoramari rya miliyoni 209.3$ avuye kuri miliyoni 176.1$ mu 2021.

Igaragaza ko kandi ibi bigo mvamahanga byashoye imari mu rwego rw’abikorera mu Rwanda byinjije miliyoni 3,182.9$ mu 2022 avuye kuri miliyoni 2,724.1$ bigaragaza izamuka rya 16.8%. Ibi kandi bingana na 23.9% by’ingengo y’imari y’igihugu yo mu 2022. Inyungu yavuye muri iri shoramari mu bigo byose yiyongereyeho 11.9% mu 2022, ugereranyije na 10.7% yari yazamutseho mu 2021.