Somalia yabonye Perezida mushya mu matora yakozwe n’abantu 328

Aya matora yakozwe n'abantu 328 bagize Inteko ya Somalia kubera impungenge z'umutekano zituma hataba amatora rusange, ariko umwe muri bo ntiyatoye. Sheikh Mohamud yagize amajwi 214, atsinda Farmajo wagize amajwi 110. Abadepite batatu bivugwa ko bangije amajwi yabo. Perezida ucyuye igihe, Mohamed Farmaajo mu butumwa yatanze kuri Twitter yashimye ko amatora yagenze neza kandi mu mahoro.

Farmaajo yashimye mugenzi we watsinze, anasaba abaturage ba Somalia kumushyigikira no kumusengera ngo azahirwe.

Aya matora adasanzwe agaragaza umutekano mucye wa Somalia n'ikibazo cya demokarasi. Ibyayavuyemo byaranzwe no kugaruka kwa Sheikh Mohamud wabaye perezida wa Somalia hagati ya 2012 na 2017, mbere y'uko atsindwa na Farmajo.

Aya matora yabaye yageze ku kiciro cya gatatu, nyuma y'uko akererejwe mu gihe cy'amezi hafi 15 kubera guhangana kw'abategetsi n'ibibazo by'umutekano.

Ibyavuye mu matora bimaze gutangazwa Sheikh Mohamud yahise arahira, bituma abamushyigikiye mu murwa mukuru batangira ibyishimo birimo no kurasa mu kirere. Atorewe manda y'imyaka ine. Mu itora ryo ku cyumweru, abagize imitwe yombi y'inteko ishingamategeko batoreye muri hangar (inzu y'indege) icungiwe umutekano bikomeye i Mogadishu.

Hafi humvikanaga ibiturika mu gihe amatora yari ari kuba, ariko polisi ivuga ibyo ntawe byahitanye. Sheikh Mohamud azarebwa cyane n'ikibazo cy'amapfa akabije, aho ONU ivuga ko abaturage miliyoni 3.5 ba Somalia bugarijwe n'inzara.

Ariko ikibazo gikomeye ni al-Shabab, umutwe w'iterabwoba ukomeje kwiganza mu bice byinshi bya Somalia, ndetse ukora ibitero bya hato na hato n'i Mogadishu.

Iki gihugu cyugarijwe n'izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ibiribwa na esanse kubera intambara ya Ukraine. Leta ishyigikiwe n'Ubumwe bwa Africa mu kurwanya al-Shabab, aho bwoherejwe abasirikare bagera ku 18,000. Ariko mu myaka igera kuri 15 ishize ntibarashobora kugarura umutekano, ndetse Somalia iheruka amatora rusange mu 1969. Icyo gihe hakurikiye coup d'etat, ubutegetsi bw'igitugu, n'intambara z'amoko n'imitwe y'abahezanguni. Kuva icyo gihe iyi ni inshuro ya gatatu gusa aya matora aziguye ya perezida abereye mu gihugu. Ayandi yabereye mu bihugu bituranye nacyo aribyo Kenya na Djibouti.

Ayo matora yakozwe gute?

Yagombaga kuba umwaka ushize ubwo manda y'imyaka ine ya Farmajo yari irangiye. Ariko kutumvikana kw'abanyapolitiki n'ibibazo by'umutekano, byatumye aguma ku butegetsi.

Abagize inteko batoye perezida mushya nabo batowe n'abahagarariye amoko yiganje mu gihugu. Bahuriye muri hangar nini irinzwe cyane yo ku kibuga cy'indege cy'ikigo cya gisirikare cy'ingabo z'Ubumwe bwa Africa, ari naho haba ibiro by'abahagarariye ibihugu n'imiryango ifasha. Aya matora yabaye mu ibanga, ariko akererwaho amasaha agera kuri ane kubera kubanza gusaka bikomeye abitabiriye.

Amatora nk'aya mbere yavuzwemo kugura abatora, bagahabwa amafaranga kugira ngo batore kanaka. Abakandida barenga 35 bari biyamamaje ku kiciro cya mbere cy'amatora. Umukandida umwe gusa w'umugore, Minisitiri w'ububanyi n'amahanga Fawzia Yusuf Adam, yatsindiwe ku kiciro cya mbere. Uwatsinze ku kiciro cya kabiri, Said Abdullahi Deni, usanzwe ari perezida wa leta Puntland, yatsinzwe ku kiciro cya gatatu.

Ni iki al-Shabab yavuze?

Mu matora nk'aya mbere, al-Shabab yakangishije no gushimuta abayajemo iyita amatora atemewe n'idini ya Islam. Kuri iyi nshuro, isa n'aho ntacyo yavuze, mu gihe hari ubwoba ko bamwe mu bayirimo cyangwa abayishyigikiye mu buryo bw'ibanga binjiye mu bagize inteko mu bashaka guhungabanya ubutegetsi baburimo.

Izi mpungenge zavuzwe na Perezida Omar Guelleh w'igihugu cya Djibouti mu 2020, ubwo yasubirwagamo avuga ati:

"Mfite ubwoba ko bizarangira inteko inshingamategeko igenzurwa mu buryo buziguye na al-Shabab, kuko baguze bamwe mu bayigize". Abasesenguzi bamwe bavuga ko Guelleh yakabirije kuba al-Shabab yagera mu nteko ya Somalia, ariko nta gushidikanya ko ari umutwe ukomeye muri Somalia.

Inkomoko: BBC