Afrika ishobora kubura imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA kubera ikurwaho rya USAID

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, (OMS) waburiye ibihugu kuwa mbere tariki ya 17 Werurwe 2025, ku ngaruka zikomeye z’icyemezo cyafashwe n’ubuyobozi bwa Trump cyo guhagarika inkunga z’amahanga zatangagwa na Amerika, aho byahungabanije cyane itangwa ry’imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA, aho ibihugu umunani ku isi bifite ibyago bikomeye by’uko mu gihe gito kiri imbere bitazaba bigifite imiti yo guha abarwayi ngo kuko iyo yacungiragaho iri hafi gushira.

Inkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru Business Inside Africa ivuga ko, bitandatu muri ibyo bihugu ari iby’Afurika, bikaba biteye impungenge z'uko abantu ibihumbi n'ibihumbi bidatinze bashobora gusigara batakibona imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA (ARV).

Ibihugu umunani byibasiwe birimo Haiti, Kenya, Lesotho, Sudani y'Amajyepfo, Burkina Faso, Mali, Nijeriya, na Ukraine, ibyo byose bikaba bishobora gusigara nta miti bigifite mu mezi ari imbere.

Umuyobozi mukuru wa OMS, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, mu kiganiro yagiranye n'abanyamakuru yagize ati: "Guhagarika gahunda zo gufasha ibihugu bikennye mu kubona imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virisi itera SIDA, bishobora kuzakoma mu nkokora urugendo rwo kuyirwanya ho imyaka 20 y'ibyo twari twaragezeho." 

Yashimangiye ko hatabayeho gutabara byihutirwa, iki kibazo gishobora gutuma abantu bashya barenga miliyoni 10 bandura virusi itera SIDA ndetse na miliyoni eshatu bagapfa bazize virusi itera SIDA mu gihe gito cyane.

Dore ibihugu bya Afrika bishobora kukuzasigara nta miti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA kubera kubura inkunga za USAID:

1.       Nijeriya: Nijeriya ni kimwe mu bigihugu bituwe cyane muri Afurika, ikaba ifite abantu barenga miliyoni 1.7 babana na virusi itera SIDA, kikaba igihugu cya gatatu gifite abarwayi benshi ba virusi itera SIDA benshi ku mugabane wa Afurika. 

Mu 2024, Nijeriya yakiriye miliyoni 220 z'amadolari y'Amerika yo gufasha mu guhangana na virusi itera SIDA, bituma iba umwe mu bagenerwabikorwa bahabwa amafaranga menshi kurusha abandi.

2.       Kenya: Kenya, ifite abarenga miliyoni 1.4 babana na virusi itera SIDA, ni kimwe mu bihugu byahabwaga ubufasha bwinshi na Amerika, bahawe miliyoni 187 z'amadolari mu 2024. Iki gihugu gishingiye cyane kuri gahunda zaterwaga inkunga na Amerika mu gutanga imiti ya ARV. 

Guhagarika imfashanyo byabangamiye itangwa ry’imiti ku bihumbi byinshi. Ubuyobozi barimo gushakisha byihutirwa ubundi buryo bwo gutera inkunga kugirango bakumire ibyago byubuzima.

3.       Mali: Mali ni kimwe mu bihugu bike byo muri Afurika aho ubwandu bushya bwa virusi itera SIDA bugenda bwiyongera. Ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA mu baturage buri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'ikigereranyo cy'igihugu. 

Igitangaje ni uko 62% bonyine b'Abanya Maliya babana na virusi itera SIDA ari bi bazi uko bahagaze, mu gihe 56% ari bo banyine bari kuri ART, naho 48% bonyine batazahajwe na vorusa itera SIDA.

4.       Lesotho: Lesotho nka kimwe mu bihugu bifite ibipimo biri hejuru by’abaturage benshi babana n’ubwandu virusi itera SIDA ku isi hose, aho umwe muri batanu bakuze babana nayo. 

Iki gihugu kandi gifite ijanisha rinini ry’abantu bahabwa imiti igabanya ubukana ARV (ART) kuri 89%, iyi ikaba intsinzi ikomeye cyane mu guhangana na virusi itera SIDA. Ariko, ihagarikwa ry’imfashanyo z’Amerika rishobora guhungabanya itangwa ry’imiti miti mu gihe izaba yarabashiranye.

5.       Sudani y’Epfo: gahunda z’ubuvuzi muri Sudani yepfo zisanzwe zihura n’inzitizi zikomeye kubera amakimbirane akomeye akunze kugaragara muri iki gihugu. Igihugu gishingiye cyane ku nkunga zituruka hanze mu buvuzi bwa virusi itera SIDA. 

OMS iraburira cyane ko guhagarika imfashanyo z’Amerika bishobora gutera ibibazo bikabije byo kubura kwa ARV, bikaba byatera ubwiyongere bukabije bw’impfu ziterwa na virusi itera SIDA mu gihe hadafashwe ingamba zihutirwa.

6.       Burkina Faso: Burkins Faso, ifite ibipimo biri hejuru by’abanduye virusi itera SIDA muri Afurika y'Iburengerazuba, aho abantu 74.340 bahabwaga ART muri 2021. Icyakora, iki gihugu cyabashije kugera kuri imwe mu ntego z’isi mu guhangana na virusi itera SIDA (95-95-95 HIV targets). 

95% by'abaturage bakaba bazi aho bahagaze ku bwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA, 95% by'abanduye bakaba bafata imiti igabanya ubwandu bwa virusi itera SID, 95% bakaba batarazahajwe n’iyi virusi. Gukurwaho kw’imfashanyo z’Amerika bishobora gutera ikibazo cyo kubura imiti, bikarushaho kuba bibi ku barwayi ibihumbi birenga bo muri iki gihugu.