Bitewe n'ibibazo binyuranye bishingiye ku bukungu, hari ibihugu bimwe na bimwe muri Afurika byagiye byiyemeza kongera amasaha y'akazi. Gusa, abashakashatsi bagaragaje ko gukora amasaha menshi nubwo bishobora kongera ubukungu bw'igihugu ariko na none bikurura ibibazo byihariye ku bantu, ku bigo bakorera, ndetse no kuri sosiyete muri rusange.
Raporo yashyizwe
ahagaragara n'Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w'Abakozi, ILO, igaragaza ko gukora
amasaha menshi cyane ari bumwe mu buryo bukunze kwifashishwa n'ibigo
bitandukanye muri Afurika n'ahandi ku isi, hagamijwe kongera umusaruro w'ibyo
bakora bijyanye n'umuvuduko w'iterambere isi igezeho muri iki gihe.
Ibi ubwabyo si bibi na
gato kuko bizamura ubukungu bw'igihugu ibyo bigo bikoreramo, ariko usanga ku
rundi ruhande ikiguzi cyabyo kigaruka ku buzima bw'abakozi.
Hagaragajwe ko gukora
amasaha y'umurengera bitanga umusaruro mwiza ariko na none w'igihe gito kuko
abakozi batabona umwanya uhagije bityo bagahura n'ibibazo birimo indwara
zikomeye rimwe na rimwe zivamo n'imfu za hato na hato.
Impuguke mu by'ubuzima
bwa muntu, zitanga impuruza ko hatagizwe igikorwa mu gihe kiri imbere ibibazo
by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bishobora gukomeza kwiyongera bitewe n'uko abakozi
by'umwihariko abo ku mugabane wa Afurika bakora akazi gasaba gutekereza cyane
kandi bakagakora amasaha menshi ku buryo kuruhuka usanga ari amateka kuri bamwe.
Ubushakashatsi bwa mbere
bwakozwe n'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO) ku
kibazo cy’abantu benshi barimo kubura ubuzima bazize gukora amasaha
y’umurengera, bwagaragaje ko abantu 745.000 bitabye Imana mu 2016 bazize
indwara yo guturika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko ndetse n'indwara y'umutima bitewe no gukora igihe kinini.
Raporo ya OMS yagiye
hanze mu 2021 yasanze abantu batuye muri Aziya y'amajyepfo ashyira
uburasirazuba no mu karere k'uburengerazuba bw'inyanja ya Pacifique, ari bo
bibasiwe cyane kurusha abandi.
Ubushakashatsi bwa OMS
bwasanze gukora amasaha 55 cyangwa arenga ku cyumweru hari aho bihuriye
n'ibyago biri hejuru ho 35% byo guturika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko n'ibyago biri
hejuru ho 17% byo kwicwa n'indwara y'umutima, ugereranyije no gukora amasaha
ari hagati ya 35 na 40 ku cyumweru.
Ubu bushakashatsi,
bwakozwe ku bufatanye n'Umuryango w'Umurimo ku Isi (ILO/OIT),
bwanagaragaje ko hafi bitatu bya kane by'abo bitabye Imana bitewe no gukora
masaha menshi bari abagabo bakuze ndetse n'abagabo bageze mu zabukuru.
Raporo ya OMS yavuze ko gukora amasaha menshi bivugwa ko ari byo bitera hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'indwara zose zijyanye n'akazi, bituma ari ho hava indwara za mbere nyinshi zishingiye ku kazi zirimo n'umunaniro ukabije.
Raporo ya ILO yagiye
ahagaragara igaragaza ko igihugu cya Lesotho giherereye mu Majyepfo y'Umugabane
wa Afurika aricyo kiza ku mwanya wa mbere mu bihugu byo kuri uyu mugabane mu
kugira amasaha y'akazi y'umurengera, mu gihe ku rwego rw'isi kiri ku mwanya wa
gatatu.
Mu bindi bihugu
bigaragara kuri uru uru rutonde, harimo Congo, Liberia, Mauritania, Burkina
Faso, Kenya, Senegal, Carbo Verde, Namibia na Morocco.
Abantu benshi bakunze
gukora amasaha menshi, bakagira ibibazo bishobora gutuma badasinzira neza
ntibaryame bihagije ngo baruhuke uko bikwiye, bikaba byabakururira ibyago byo
kurwara umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, ndetse n'indwara y'imitsi yo ku bwonko
(Stroke).
Umwanditsi Dr Hannah
Scott wo mu kigo kireberera ubuzima bwo gusinzira (AISH) muri kaminuza ya
flinders yaragize ati: "Ubu buryo bwo kugenzura amasaha yo kuryama niijoro
mu ngo z’abantu mu mezi agera kuri atandatu byose bihuzwa n’umuvuduko
w’amaraso.
Avuga ko ubugenzuzi
bwaberetse uburyo kugira gahunda nzima yo kuryama bihagije ari ingenzi ku
buzima bwa muntu, cyane ubuzima bw’ umutima.
Amakuru yafashije
gusobanura inyungu zo gusinzira anagaragaza impungenge z’ahazaza ku bakozi
bakora basimburanwa ku masaha muri iyi si yateye imbere yo gukora amasaha 24
kuri 24.
Uru, ni urutonde
rw'ibihugu 10 byo muri Afurika byashyizeho amasaha y'akazi y'umurengera nk'uko byatangajwe n'Ikigo cya 'International Labour
Organization(ILO)':
Rank |
Country |
Average hours per week
per employed persons |
Share of employed
working 49 or more hours per week |
Global rank |
1. |
Lesotho |
50.4% |
36% |
3rd |
2. |
Congo |
48.6% |
45% |
4th |
3. |
Liberia |
47.7% |
27% |
6th |
4. |
Mauritania |
47.6% |
46% |
7th |
5. |
Burkina Faso |
46.3% |
41% |
15th |
6. |
Kenya |
45.6% |
26% |
19th |
7. |
Senegal |
45.5% |
17% |
20th |
8. |
Carbo Verde |
45.3% |
25% |
21st |
9. |
Namibia |
44.9% |
34% |
22nd |
10. |
Morocco |
44.9% |
38% |
23rd |
TANGA IGITECYEREZO