Ni bande bakunze guhura n’ibyago byo kwandura indwara iterwa na amibe?Ese ntikira koko nk’uko bikunda kuvugwa?

10% y’abatuye isi bahura n’iyi ndwara. Ubushyuhe ndetse n’ubukonje ni umwanzi wa amibe kuko ibi byose bituma ipfa. Amibe yavumbuwe bwa mbere mu 1875 n’umuhanga witwa lösch.

Bamwe mu bantu bahura n’iyi ndwara ni abantu bakunze kugenderera ibihugu byo muri aka gace ubundi ntibite no ku isuku, abantu babarizwa mu bigo bigaragaramo isuku nke nko muri za gereza, abagabo baryamana n’abahuje igitsina ndetse n’abantu badafite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buhagije.

Agakoko ka amibe kinjira mu mubiri kinjiranye n’amazi ndetse n’ibiribwa byandujwe n’umwanda w’umuntu utuwe uyirwaye, aka gakoko gashobora kumara igihe kirekire ku butaka aho umwanda w’umuntu uyirwaye washyizwe. Nyuma yo kwinjira kw’amagi ya amibe, aragenda agatangira gukurira mu rwungano ngogozi, cyane cyane mu mara mato n’amanini, nyuma yaho izi mikorobe zitangira gutera ibisebe mu mara,  zikagera mu maraso  ndetse zikagera n’ahandi hose mu mubiri cyane cyane mu mwijima aho zigatezamo ibibazo byinshi bitandukanye ndetse n’urupfu rukaba rwaziraho.

Bimwe mu bimenyetso bigaragara ku muntu ufite amibe

Guhitwa(diarrhea) ndetse no kugugunwa mu nda cyane nibyo bimenyetso  biri mu by’ibanze bigaragara ku muntu urwaye amibiyazizi(amibeasis). Umwanda rimwe na rimwe utangira kugaragaramo n’amaraso. Nyuma yo kugera mu maraso, amibe igera mu bihaha, mu mutima, mu mwijima, mu bwonko ndetse no mu zindi ngingo igatangira kubyangiza ku buryo bugaragara ari naho ibimenyetso byo kuremba bigaragara ku muntu uyirwaye.

Mu kwisuzumisha amibe, umuntu bamusaba umusarane, ariko rimwe na rimwe iyo yamaze kugera mu ngingo bamucisha mu cyuma kugirango harebwe urugero igezeho mu kwangiza izo ngingo(scanneur).

Umuti wa amibe

Amibiyazizi ni indwara ivurwa igakira. Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw’imiti ivura iyi ndwara hagendewe ku bukana igezeho.

1.Imiti yica amibe zikidegembya mu mara(urwungano ngogozi muri rusange)

Iyi ni imiti yo mu bwoko bwa paromomycin(aminosidine=unibrol=gabbroral), diloxanide furoate na iodoquinol(intetrix)yo akenshi ikora kuri za amibe ziri mu rwungano ngogozi (igifu ,amara), ibasha kwica na kyste d’amibe. Hari abantu bagira amibe ariko ntibagaragaze ibimenyetso ,akenshi usanga utu dukoko twibera mu mara gusa tutaragera mu bindi bice by’umubiri,90% y’abantu ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso bya amibe. (Asymptomatic patients).

2.Imiti icengera mu mubiri ikagera no kuri za amibe zageze mu ngingo zitandukanye ikazica

Iyi ni Imiti yo mu bwoko bwa Nitroimidazole(flagyl=metronidazole,fasigyne=tinidazole,flagentyl=secnidazole,tiberal=ornidazole,…) ni imiti yagenewe kwica amibe akenshi ziba zageze mu ngingo zitangukanye nk’umwijima n’ahandi,akenshi ntizibasha amibe zikiri mu mara kuko ziba zifubitswe n’igihu gikomeye(kyste d’amibe). Iyi miti ikora cyane cyane ku barwayi bagaragaza ibimenyetso bitandukanye byo kurwara amibiyazizi(symptomatic patients).

Ni ngombwa kwisuzumisha neza kandi noneho mu gihe umuntu afite utu dukoko twageze hose mu mubiri ni byiza gukoresha ubu bwoko bw’imiti bwombi, hakabanza gufatwa imiti yica amibe zageze mu ngingo nyuma yarangira hagakoreshwa imiti yica amibe ziri mu mara. Hari inganda zikora umuti umwe ariko ubarizwamo aya moko abiri.urugero: umuti wa entamizole(metronidazole+diloxanide furoate).

Iyo iyi miti yose byanze cyane cyane kuri amibe zamaze kwibasira umwijima ,igikurikiraho ni uburyo bwo kubaga igice cyamaze kwangirika.

Isabune cyangwa siro bishobora kutica amagi ya amibe yose ari mu mazi cyane cyane ahantu hagaragara iki cyorezo ,ni byiza gucanira amazi agiye gukoreshwa akabira nibura umunota wose.

Niba mu muryango hari urwaye amibe n’abandi bose bagomba kuyisuzumisha.

Ni gute nakwirinda amibe?

Isuku muri rusange nicyo kintu cya mbere. Koza neza imboga n’imbuto mbere yo kuzirya, gukoresha amazi asukuye, guteka amata neza akabira, koza ibikoresho byo mu gikoni neza cyane cyane ku hantu bagaburirira abantu benshi icyarimwe nazo ni inama ugirwa niba ushaka kuyirinda . Ibi byiyongeraho gukaraba intoki neza mbere yo gufata ibyo kurya , ikindi ni ukugenzura ubuziranenge bwa za pisine zogerwamo n’abantu benshi batandukanye.

Amibe ahanini ntabwo iboneka mu biryo ahubwo ituruka ku masahane n’ibikoresho byo kurisha byogejwe mu mazi mabi ndetse byahanagujwe ibitambaro byanduye.

Bakunzi bacu agakoko ka amibe karavurwa kagakira, icya ngombwa  ni uko ari muganga ndetse n’umurwayi bose babigiramo uruhare, umurwayi agakurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga.

By Phn N.Marcelo Baudouin

e-mail:baumarco81@gmail.com