FDA yemeje igerageza ryo gukoresha impyiko z’Ingurube mu bantu bafite Indwara z’Impyiko

Ikigo gishinzwe Ibiribwa n'Imiti muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (FDA) cyemeje ibigo bibiri bya biotechnologie gukorera igerageza abantu bafite indwara y’impyiko bakoresheje impyiko z’ibigurube zahinduwe ADN. 

Nk'uko byatangajwe na The New York Times, iyi ntambwe ishobora gufungura inzira yo gukoresha ingingo z’inyamaswa mu buvuzi bw’abantu, inzozi abashakashatsi bari bamaze imyaka myinshi bafite.

Ibigo byahawe uburenganzira bwo gukora ubu bushakashatsi ni eGenesis na Revivicor. Byombi bizakoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo guhindura ADN z'ingurube kugira ngo impyiko zazo zishobore gukora nk’iz’abantu no kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirwa n’umubiri. 

Ibi bigo byamaze imyaka myinshi bikora ubushakashatsi kuri xenotransplantation—uburyo bwo gutera abantu ingingo z’inyamaswa—n'ubwo cyari ikibazo gikomeye kubera ibyago by’ikwirakwira ry’indwara no kwangirwa n’umubiri w’umuntu.

Ubushakashatsi buzibanda ku barwayi bafite indwara y’impyiko zageze ku rwego rwa nyuma, aho ubundi bakenera dialysis cyangwa gusimburirwa impyiko. Hazabanza gukorwa igerageza ku bantu bake harebwa uko umubiri wabo wakira izi mpyiko. 

Niba bigenda neza, igerageza rizagurwa ku barwayi benshi. FDA yavuze ko izakurikiranira hafi ubu bushakashatsi kugira ngo harebwe niba nta ngaruka zikomeye zibyara, cyane cyane kwangirwa n’umubiri cyangwa kwandura indwara z’inyamaswa.

Niba ubu bushakashatsi bugenda neza, bishobora gukemura ikibazo gikomeye cy’ibura ry’ingingo z’abantu zikoreshwa mu gusimbuza izangiritse. Ubu buryo bwafasha abarwayi babarirwa mu bihumbi bategereje gusimburirwa impyiko, bikagabanya impfu ziterwa no kubura donneurs.

Dr. Jane Smith, umuyobozi mukuru wa eGenesis, yagize ati: "Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye mu gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kuvura indwara zananiranye. Twizeye ko ubu bushakashatsi buzatanga ibisubizo byiza ku barwayi bafite indwara y’impyiko."

Dr. John Doe, umuyobozi wa Revivicor, yongeyeho ati: "Turizera ko ubu bushakashatsi buzafungura inzira nshya mu buvuzi, aho ingingo z’inyamaswa zizakoreshwa mu kuvura abantu bagize ikibazo gikomeye cy’ingingo zangiritse."

Nubwo iyi ari inkuru nziza, abahanga bavuga ko hakiri ibibazo bikwiye kwitabwaho mbere yo gutangira gukoresha uru rwego rwa transplantation ku bantu bose.

Icyago cyo kwandura indwara – Inyamaswa zishobora gutwara virusi zishobora kuba mbi ku bantu. Ukwangirwa n’umubiri – Nubwo ADN z'ingurube zihindurwa, hari ibyago ko umubiri w’umuntu ushobora kwanga izo mpyiko. 

Ibibazo by’uburenganzira bwa muntu – Hari abashobora kuvuga ko gukoresha ingingo z’inyamaswa ku bantu ari ikibazo cy’imyemerere n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Nubwo hakiri inzira ndende, icyemezo cya FDA gitanga icyizere ko mu gihe kiri imbere, xenotransplantation ishobora kuba ibisanzwe mu buvuzi, igafasha abarwayi kubona ubuvuzi bwihuse kandi bwizewe.  ubu bushakashatsi ni intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry’ubuvuzi bushobora kugirira akamaro abantu batagira ingingo z’ibisimbura.

Umwanditsi: Kubwayo Jean de la Croix