Ni nde wemerewe gutanga amaraso? Inama za OMS

Nk’uko Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (WHO/OMS) ryabitangaje mu nyandiko yaryo, gutanga amaraso bifasha mu kuvura abarwayi bafite indwara zitandukanye nka anemia, ibikomere, ndetse n’igihe cyo kubagwa. 

Dore ibyo ugomba kumenya n'ibyitabwaho kugira ngo wemererwe gutanga amaraso:

Imyaka: Abatanga amaraso bagomba kuba bari hagati y'imyaka 18 na 65. Ariko, mu bice bimwe, abantu bafite imyaka 16 cyangwa 17 bashobora gutanga amaraso, igihe babyemerewe n'ababyeyi babo kandi bujuje ibyangombwa by’ubuzima. 

Ku bantu bafite imyaka irenze 65, umwanzuro wo kubemerera gutanga amaraso ufatwa n'ubuzima bwabo, kandi ubuyobozi bushobora kubemerera gutanga amaraso. Ni ngombwa guhora ugenzura amategeko y'igihugu kuko imyaka yo gutanga amaraso iratandukanye mu bihugu.

Ibiro: Umuntu utanga amaraso agomba kuba afite ibiro byibura 50. Mu bihugu bimwe, abantu bafite ibiro by’ibura 45 bashobora gutanga mililitiro 350 z’amaraso. Ibi bigamije kwemeza ko umubiri w’utanga amaraso ushobora kwakira igikorwa cyo gutanga amaraso neza, ndetse ko nta zindi ngaruka byamugiraho.

Ubuzima buzira umuze: Nk’uko WHO ibivuga, umuntu utanga amaraso agomba kuba afite ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cyo gutanga amaraso. Bivuze ko umuntu atagomba gutanga amaraso igihe afite indwara nk'inkorora, ibicurane, indwara z'igifu cyangwa izindi ndwara zandura. 

Ibigo byakira amaraso bikora isuzuma kugirango harebwe niba umuntu ugiye gutanga amaraso afite urugero rwiza rwa haemoglobine (rukiwe na 12.0 g/dl ku bagore na 13.0 g/dl ku bagabo) kugira ngo igikorwa cyo gutanga amaraso gikorwe neza.

Abantu bafite tatuwaje (tattoo) n'abantu bakoresha ibyuma byo kwipfumuza (body piercing) yaba amatwi cyangwa ahandi aho ari ho hose ku ruhu, bagomba kubahiriza igihe runaka cyagenwe cyo gutegereza mbere yo gutanga amaraso, byibura iminsi 24, kugeza ku mezi atandatu kugira ngo umuntu yemererwe gutanga amaraso, keretse iyo byakozwe n'umuganga wemewe kandi nta bwandu byateje.

Ibyerekeye ingendo: WHO inavuga kandi ko ahantu umuntu aheruka kujya hashobora kugira ingaruka ku gutanga amaraso. Mu gihe umuntu yagiye mu bihugu byibasiwe n'indwara nka malaria, dengue, cyangwa Zika, ashobora gusabwa gutegereza igihe runaka mbere yo gutanga amaraso. 

Abantu batuye cyangwa bagiye mu bihugu bifite ibyago byo kwandura indwara nka variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD), bishobora gutuma umuntu atemererwa gutanga amaraso mbere yo gusuzumwa izo ndwara, mu gihe yaba yaranduye izo ndwara, ntiyemererwa gutanga amaraso.

Ibyerekeye Imyitwarire: Imyitwarire y’umuntu nayo irarebwa mu gihe cyo gutanga amaraso. WHO ivuga ko umuntu adakwiye gutanga amaraso mu gihe yakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye mu mezi 12 ashize cyangwa uwigeze gukora ibizamini by'ubwandu bwa Virusi itera SIDA, bikagaragara ko yanduye. 

Abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge, nko kwitera ibishinge, nabo ntibemerewe gutanga amaraso, ndetse n'abakora umwuga w'uburaya. Izi gahunda zashyizweho kugira ngo hamenyekane niba amaraso atangwa aba yujuje ubuziranenge, maze afashe uyahawe kugarura imbaraga, n'ubuzima bwiza.

Umugore utwite n'uwonsa: Nk’uko WHO ibivuga, abagore batwite ntibemerewe gutanga amaraso. Bagomba gutegereza kugeza babyaye, abagore bonsa kandi basabwa gutegereza nibura amezi 9 mbere yo gutanga amaraso cyangwa kugeza igihe umwana yemerewe gufata andi mafunguro y'imfashabere.

Gutanga amaraso bifasha kugera ku ntego zo kubungabunga ubuzimabwiza, ariko ni ngombwa kuzuza ibyangombwa byose kugira ngo ibikorwa byo gutanga amaraso bigende neza ku muntu watanze amaraso no ku muntu uyahabwa. 

Amabwiriza ya WHO atanga umurongo w'amahame yo kwemeza ko amaraso atangwa neza kandi nta kibazo byateza, bityo bitanga inkunga ikomeye mu by’ubuvuzi.

Niba ushaka gutanga amaraso, ni ngombwa kugenzura niba wujuje ibyangombwa byo gutanga amaraso mu mu gihugu cyawe. Gutanga amaraso ni ugutanga ubuzima ubuzima, kandi gukurikiza ibyangombwa by’ingenzi bituma ibikorwa byo gutanga amaraso bigenda neza kurushaho!