Kuki ikibazo cy'ihohoterwa rikorerwa igitsina gore gikomeje kuba ingorabahizi?

Ni inyigo yamuritswe mu Kinyamakuru PLOS Climate, aho abayikoze bashakaga gusobanukirwa uko bimwe mu bibazo bifite aho bihuriye n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, nk’imyuzure n’inkanku cyangwa imiyaga idasanzwe, byagize uruhare mu bwiyongere bw’ihohoterwa hagati y’abakundana cyangwa abashakanye, rizwi nka ‘intimate partner violence (IPV)’.

Hasuzumwe uko iryo hohoterwa ryiyongereye nibura imyaka ibiri yakurikiye kimwe muri ibyo bibazo biterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Ni ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bihugu 156, mu gihe cy’imyaka 26.

Hatekerezwa ko ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore muri ibyo bihe rikunze kubaho kubera ukwiyongera k’umuhangayiko, kubura ibyo kurya no kuremererwa n’ibindi nkenerwa, ndetse no kubona aho gukinga umusaya nyuma y’ibyo biza,

Bene ibyo bigaragara kenshi ndetse bikagira uburemere cyane mu bihugu usanga bifite imico ifata abagabo ikabarutisha abagore (patriarchal gender norms), kuko ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore riba rifatwa nk’ibintu bisanzwe.

Abashakashatsi batekereza ko uko hazagenda hashyirwaho ingamba zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe zikwiye kandi zafatanywe ubushishozi, bizagabanya iryo hohoterwa rikorerwa abagore.

Ni muri urwo rwego kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki ya 25 Ugushyingo 2024, Minisitiri w’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, Consolée Uwimana, yasabye abantu bose guhaguruka bakarwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina kuko ridindiza iterambere ry’umuryango, rikanasubiza inyuma Igihugu.

Ni ubutumwa yatanze mu gutangiza ubukangurambaga bw’iminsi 16 yo kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikorerwa abakobwa n’abagore, ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti ‘Twubake Umuryango uzira Ihohotera’.

Minisitiri Uwimana yavuze ko u Rwanda rukomeje guhangana n'abakomeje guhohotera abangavu babatera inda hakiyongeraho kuba hari ababyeyi bataye inshingano zo kurera ahubwo ibyagatunze umuryango bakajya kubyinezezamo.

Mu 2022 ubwo i Kigali hari hateraniye inama zishamikiye ku y'abakuru b'ibihugu n'aba za guverinoma mu muryango wa Commonwealth, Madamu wa Perezida wa Repubulika, Jeannette Kagame yagaragaje ko igihe kigeze ngo ikibazo cy’ihohoterwa rikorera abari n'abategarugori kiranduke burundu, uyu akaba ari wo munsi nyawo wo kuvuga ngo nta rindi hohoterwa.

Yaragize ati: "Nizeye ko uyu ari wo munsi nyawo wo kuvuga ngo nta rindi, nta rindi hohoterwa, kuko undi munsi twakwisanga twarakerewe. Nta rundi rwango, nta kundi gucunaguza uwahohotewe, nta rindi hohoterwa ku bagore batanga ubuzima barangiza bakaba ari bo bahorana ubwoba bwo kubwamburwa. 

Ni abagore n'abakobwa bangana iki bahohoterwa kugirango Isi yumve agahinda n'umubabaro wo gufatwa ku ngufu, inda ziterwa abangavu, ihohoterwa ryo mu muryango no guhozwa ku nkeke? Ku barwanya uru rugamba turimo nakwifuje kumenya umubare w'izindi nzirakarengane bakeneye kugirango bemere ko ibi bikabije."

Kuva tariki 25 Ugushyingo kugeza kuya 10 Ukuboza buri mwaka, ku Isi hose hazirikanwa iminsi 16 yahariwe kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’abakobwa.

Aya matariki yaratoranijwe hashingiye kuri iyo sano hagati y’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore n’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri rusange. Dore amwe muri ayo matariki:

• Tariki 25 Ugushyingo 1999: Umuryango w’abibumbye washyizeho umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya ihohoterwa rikorerwa abagore mu rwego rwo kwibuka urupfu rw’abagore 3 biciwe mu kurwanya igitugu cya Rafael Trujillo wategekaga igihugu cya Repubulika ya Dominikani.

Muri uko kwezi kandi, abanyeshuri b’abakobwa 14 bo muri Kaminuza ya Moreyali (Moreal) muri Canada bishwe bunyamaswa na bagenzi babo kubera guharanira ko batezwa imbere kuko bari barasigaye inyuma.

• Ku ya 1 Ukuboza ni umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kurwanya SIDA nk’imwe mu ngaruka zugarije umugore n’umukobwa mu gihe akorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina

• Ku ya 10 Ukuboza ni umunsi mpuzamahanga wo kwizihiza Itangazo Mpuzamahanga ryemejwe na Loni; bityo abaharanira ko uburenganzira bwa muntu bwubahirizwa bavuga ko guhohotera abagore n’abakobwa ari kimwe mu bivogera uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu.

Kuva mu 1990 u Rwanda rwifatanyije n’ibindi bihugu muri iyo gahunda. Buri mwaka hakaba insanganyamatsiko y’Isi ariko na buri gihugu kikagira umwihariko bitewe n’uko kibyumva.

Ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina cyane cyane irikorerwa abagore n’abana ni imwe mu nzitizi zibangamiye iterambere n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku bana (UNICEF) riherutse gutangaza ko mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe mu bihugu 120 ku va mu 2010 kugeza 2022, 1 mu bagore n’abakobwa 8 bariho kuri ubu cyangwa se abarenga Miliyoni 370 byagaragaye ko bakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina mbere yo kuzuza imyaka 18.

UNICEF itangaza ako imibare yavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bwo ku rwego rw’Isi yerekana uburemere bw’iki kibazo cyane cyane ku bakobwa b’abangavu, bikaba akenshi bigira ingaruka mu buzima bwabo bwose.

Igiteye inkeke ni uko iyo bigeze ku ihohoterwa ridasaba ko umuntu ahura n’undi nk’ihohoterwa ryo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga cyangwa irikorerwa mu magambo, umubare w’abakobwa n’abagore bibasiwe uriyongera ukagera kuri Miliyoni 650 ku Isi hose. Ni ukuvuga ko 1 muri 5 ahura n’iryo hohoterwa.

Ni mu gihe mu nama zitandukanye z’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, abagore bagiye bagaragaza impungenge baterwa no guhohoterwa, bagatanga ubuhamya butandukanye bityo basaba ko ihohoterwa ryafatwa nk’icyaha cyibasira inyokomuntu kandi batanga ingamba ku buryo bwo kurirwanya.

Imwe muri izo nama ni iyabereye i Vienne muri Autriche mu 1993, yasojwe Leta zose zisabwe ko zakora uko zishoboye zikarandura ihohoterwa burundu. Kuva icyo gihe hagiye hakorwa byinshi mu kurirwanya no kurikumira.

By’umwihariko mu Rwanda, Leta yashyizeho gahunda n’ibigo bitandukanye bigamije kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina n’abarikorewe bakitabwaho (Isange one Stop Center) biri hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Ibyegeranyo bikomeza gukorwa ku ihohoterwa bigaragaza ko ku mugabane wa Afurika hari ibiguhu ihohoterwa rikorwa ariko rigakomeza kugirwa ubwiru.

I Kigali hatangiye ubukangurambaga bw'iminsi 16 bwo kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikorerwa abagore n'abakobwa