Mu gihe tumenyereye ko iposita yifashishwa mu koherereza amabaruwa inshuti n’abavandimwe n’abandi bitewe n’ikigenderewe, ndetse iposita tukaba tumenyereye ko yifashishwa mu kohereza imizigo imwe n’imwe irimo ibintu bitangirika, umugore n’umugabo bo bafashe umwana wabo w’amezi 8 bamwohereza kwa nyirakuru bifashishije iposita.
Ibi babikoze ahagana mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, mu mwaka w’1920 nyuma y’uko iposita yo muri Amerika yemereye abantu kuba batangira kujya bohereza imizigo iremereye kugeza ku ma pounds 11 (hafi ibiro bitanu).
Abana bagiye boherezwa mu mizigo hifashishijwe iposita
Aba babyeyi ba James Beagle wari ufite gusa amezi 8 y’amavuko bahise bafata icyemezo cyo kumwohereza kwa nyirakuru bifashishije iposita, ngo “bagize ubunebwe bwo kugenda ibirometero bike bamujyanayo”, ibintu byabatwaye gusa ama cents 15 (kuri ubu arangana hafi amafaranga y’u Rwanda 150 gusa. Wibaze uko yanganaga icyo gihe). Gusa nyuma yo gukora ibi ngo bahise banashinganisha umwana wabo (assurance) bishyura iposita ubwishingizi bw’amadolari 50 y’Amerika.
Iposita yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe Amerika yari imaze kwemera gutwara imiziko itarengeje ibiro 5 ntiyazuyaje koko itwara “umuzigo” James Beagle kuko byari byujuje ibisabwa nk’uko babivuze, ni uko imugeza kwa nyirakuru.
Ibi bikimara kuba, inkuru yahise ikwira hose, ibitangazamakuru birayandika hose mbese aba babyeyi bahinduka ibyamamare. Kuva icyo gihe, hatangiye kuboneka n’izindi nkuru zisa gutyo dore ko ngo “ababyeyi batangiye kubona ko ubwo buryo buhendutse kurusha gukoresha uburyo dusanzwe tumenyereye bwifashisha imodoka, indege cyangwa ibindi nkabyo, na cyane ko umwana aba akeneye n’umuherekeza bityo amafaranga akaba menshi”. Ababyeyi benshi bahise batangira kujya bohereza abana babo bifashishije iposita.
Indi nkuru nayo yaje guca agahigo ijya kumera nk’iyo, ni iy’uwundi mwana, Charlotte May Pierstorff wari ufite imyaka ine, bohereje bifashishije gariyamoshi (gari ya moshi, train), uru rugendo rwo rukaba rwari rurerure cyane ugereranyije n’urugendo uruhinja James Beagle yakoze ajyanwa mu iposita.
Uyu mwana yishimiye kuba ari mu ikarito y'imizigo
Charlotte nawe wari woherejwe kwa nyirakuru, ngo ababyeyi be ntibatinye kwifashisha gariyamoshi kuko ngo mwene wabo ariwe warushinzwe imizigo muri iyo gariyamoshi, bityo bumva ko afite umutekano, kandi koko “uwo muzigo” warimo Charlotte wagejejwe kwa nyirakuru umwana ameze neza nta n’akantu na gato kamukomerekeje.
Gusa n’ubwo iposita icyo gihe yari ihendutse cyane kurusha ubundi buryo, ngo bamwe mu babyeyi babaga bohereje abana babo gutyo babitonganiraga n’ababyeyi babo (ba nyirakuru na sekuru b’abana). Uyu munsi, imwe mu mizigo cyangwa amabaruwa byoherejwe ku iposita birabura cyangwa ibindi bikangirika.
Uyu munsi, abaye aribwo buryo bwa nyuma buhendutse ufite, wakohereza umwana wawe mu iposita?
"Kohereza indwara" bifashishije ibintu bimeze nk'amasahani
Ibirayi nabyo ni bimwe mu bintu bitangaje byoherejwe
"Ubwogero bwa kera" kimwe mu bintu bitangaje byoherejwe
"Ikimenyetso cy'Ubwami" kimwe mu bintu bitangaje byoherejwe
"Piano" kimwe mu bintu bitangaje byoherejwe
"Ingamiya" kimwe mu bintu bitangaje byoherejwe
Imbwa zaciye agahigo mu bintu bitangaje byoherejwe cyane
Ubu bwato nabwo bwoherejwe nk'umuzigo
Si abana gusa bagize “imizigo itangaje” yoherejwe mu iposita, kuko hari n’ibindi bintu nk’amatungo yororwa harimo nk’imbwa, ihene, ubwogero, indwara, “ubwami”, ubwato, ibirayi, ndetse n’ibindi bintu binyuranye byagiye byoherezwa mu iposita mu myaka inyuranye.
Source: rd.com ; smithsonianmag.com
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