Mu myaka irenga 8,000 ishize, ibibabi bya Coca byari ishingiro ry’ubuzima mu bice by’imisozi ya Andes muri Amerika y’Epfo. Mu gihe isi yose yahoraga ibifata nk’ibiyobyabwenge kubera isano bifitanye na Cocaine, ubu hari icyizere ko bishobora kongera guhabwa agaciro, bigakoreshwa byemewe n’amategeko, by’umwihariko ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Ibibabi bya coca byari bifite uruhare runini mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abantu batuye mu misozi ya Peru, Bolivia na Colombia. Byifashishwaga mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye, birimo ibibazo byo mu gifu, kuribwa umutwe, ndetse no kugabanya umunaniro.
Mu bwoko bw’imikoreshereze buzwi nka acullico, abantu babishyiraga mu kanwa bagashyiraho ibintu bifasha gukuramo ingirabuzima ziba muri byo (alkaloids) kugira ngo biveho umunaniro n’inzara, cyane cyane mu kazi katoroshye n’imisozi miremire.
Mu 1961, Umuryango w’Abibumbye washyize ibibabi bya coca ku rutonde rw’ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe, bifatwa nk’ibyangiza ubuzima. Ibi byateye umubabaro n’impaka nyinshi mu baturage b’Abasangwabutaka, kuko byafatwaga nk’ihonyora ry’uburenganzira bwabo ku muco wabo no ku bimera kavukire.
Mu myaka ya vuba, ibihugu nka Bolivia byatangiye gusaba ko ibi bibabi byasubirwamo bikava ku rutonde rw’ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe.
Nk’uko Global Commission on Drug Policy yabitangaje mu nkuru yasohotse mu Ukwakira 2024, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS/WHO) rigiye gusuzuma ku mugaragaro niba coca ishobora kwemerwa nk’igihingwa cyemewe ku isi, hagendeye ku bushakashatsi bushya bwerekana ko idateza ubuzima bw’abantu ibyago nk'uko cocaine ibikora.
Ni ubwa mbere mu myaka irenga 60 hatangijwe ibiganiro ku rwego mpuzamahanga byo kwemerera coca gukoreshwa byemewe. Ibi byatuma ibihugu byinshi byongera guha agaciro ibimera byakoreshwaga n’abakurambere babo, ntibibe bikiri mu kato kubera amategeko yagiye ashyirwaho n’imyumvire ya gipolitiki n’imibereho y’ibihugu bikomeye.
Ibibabi bya coca ntibikwiye guhora bifatwa nk’ibiyobyabwenge kubera aho cocaine ikomoka. Ahubwo, bikwiye gusubizwa agaciro byahoranye mu mico ya kera, bigakoreshwa mu buvuzi no mu buzima bwa buri munsi nk’uko byari bimeze imyaka amagana ishize.
Icyemezo kiri mu nzira zo kugirwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gishobora kuba amateka mashya, atanga icyizere ku moko y’abaturage yahoranaga ishyaka ryo kurengera umuco wabo.
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