Ku wa 25 Gicurasi 1963, abayobozi b’ibihugu bya Afurika bahuriye i Addis Ababa muri Ethiopia bashinga Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika (OAU), nyuma waje kuba Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU).
Icyo gihe cyabaye ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’urugamba rwo kwibohora kwa Afurika, ndetse benshi batangira kwizihiza uwo munsi nk’Umunsi wa Afurika cyangwa “Africa Liberation Day”.
Nyuma y’imyaka 63, mu gihe Afurika yizihiza Umunsi wa Afurika wa 2026, ikibazo gikomeje kwibazwa ni ukumenya niba koko umugabane warageze ku bwigenge busesuye.
Ubu ubwigenge ntibukigarukira gusa ku kugira ibendera, indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu cyangwa abayobozi b’abanyafurika, ahubwo abantu benshi batangiye kwibaza uwagenzura ubukungu, ikoranabuhanga n’ububasha ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Abantu bo mu gisekuru cyarwanye n’ubukoloni bavuga ko Umunsi wa Afurika ukiri ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’urugamba rukomeye rwabohoye umugabane.
Josphat Kimanthi, umusaza w’imyaka 74 wo muri Kenya, yavuze ko intsinzi yo kubona uburenganzira bwo kwiyobora ari ikintu kidakwiye kwibagirana. Ariko kandi yemera ko hari icyuho kinini hagati y’ibisekuru, kuko benshi mu rubyiruko bumva ko ibyasezeranyijwe nyuma y’ubwigenge bitigeze bigerwaho uko byari byitezwe.
Yagize ati: “Twakekaga ko ubwigenge bwa politiki buzahita buzana ubwigenge mu bukungu. Ariko ubu ndabona abuzukuru banjye babayeho mu buzima buhenze kandi bafite imyenda batigeze bagiramo uruhare.”
Mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika, ikibazo cy’imyenda igihugu kiba gifitiye amahanga cyabaye ikibazo gikomeye. Hari aho usanga leta zidashobora gufata ibyemezo byigenga mu bukungu kubera amabwiriza ava mu bigo mpuzamahanga by’imari.
Ibi bituma benshi bavuga ko nubwo Afurika yabonye ubwigenge bwa politiki, mu bukungu igikomeje kugengwa n’amahanga.
Muri iki gihe kandi, Afurika iri hagati y’ihangana ry’ibihugu bikomeye birimo ibihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi, u Bushinwa ndetse n’indi miryango nka BRICS, buri ruhande rushaka kugira ijambo mu ishoramari, inguzanyo n’ubufatanye n’ibihugu bya Afurika.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko ibi bishobora gutuma Afurika ikomeza kugendera ku nyungu z’amahanga aho kwigenga byuzuye nk'uko bikubiye mu nkuru ducyesha Aljazeera.
Professeur Paul Mbatia wo mu Ishami ry’Ubumenyi bw’Imibereho y’Abantu muri Multimedia University of Kenya, yavuze ko ubwigenge nyabwo budashoboka igihe umugabane ukomeza gukora ibyo utarya, kandi ukarya ibyo utikoreye.
Uyu muhanga agaragaza ko Afurika ikwiye kongera ubushobozi bwo gutunganya umutungo wayo aho kuwujyana hanze hanyuma ikongera kuwugura witezweho inyungu z’amahanga.
“Ubwigenge nyabwo ntibushobora kubaho igihe umugabane ukora ibyo utarya, kandi ukarya ibyo utikoreye.” - Professeur Paul Mbatia
Ikoranabuhanga na ryo ryabaye indi ntambara nshya Afurika irimo. Mu mijyi nka Nairobi, Lagos na Kigali, ikoreshwa rya Mobile Money, ubwenge buhangano (AI) ndetse n’ibikorwaremezo by’ikoranabuhanga biragenda byiyongera cyane.
Ariko bamwe bavuga ko nubwo Afurika igaragara nk’iri gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, byinshi mu bikorwaremezo bikomeye biracyagenzurwa n’ibigo byo hanze y’umugabane.
Amina Osei, impuguke mu miyoborere y’ikoranabuhanga muri Afurika, yavuze ko “gucukumbura amakuru y’abaturage ba Afurika” byahindutse uburyo bushya bw’ubukoloni.
Yasobanuye ko iyo amakuru y’abanyafurika atwarwa akajya gutunganyirizwa ku maseriveri yo hanze hanyuma akagarurwa ari serivisi zihenze, Afurika iba yasimbuje ubukoloni bwa kera ubukoloni bw’ikoranabuhanga.
Uyu mwuka wo kutanyurwa ni wo uri gutuma urubyiruko rwinshi rwa Afurika rutongera kubona Umunsi wa Afurika nk’umunsi wo kwizihiza gusa, ahubwo nk’umwanya wo kwibaza ku bibazo bikomeje kubangamira umugabane.
Chinedu Nwosu, umusore w’imyaka 26 ukora ibijyanye na software mu mujyi wa Lagos, yavuze ko kuri benshi mu rubyiruko rw’iki gihe Umunsi wa Afurika usa n’igikorwa cyo kwiyerekana gusa. A ti: “Mu by’ukuri, ku rubyiruko rungana na twe, Umunsi wa Afurika uba usa n’umuhango wo kwerekana ibintu gusa.Yakomeje avuga ko nubwo bubaha ibyo abakurambere bagezeho mu guharanira ubwigenge, ibyo byagezweho bidatanga ibisubizo ku bibazo biriho ubu.
Ati: “Twubaha ibyo abakurambere bakoze mu rugamba rwo kwibohora, ariko ntibikemura ibibazo by’uyu munsi. Kuri twe, ubwigenge si amateka gusa; ni uguhindura uburyo n’inzego bigira ingaruka ku mibereho yacu ya buri munsi.”
Nwosu yavuze kandi ko urubyiruko rwa Afurika rugenda rureka gushyira ibibazo byose ku banyamahanga gusa, ahubwo rugasaba leta zarwo kubazwa inshingano no gukorera abaturage.
Yagize ati: “Urugamba rwacu ni ukurwanya ruswa, imiyoborere mibi, imisoro ihanitse n’ihohoterwa rikorerwa abaturage n’inzego z’umutekano. Ntidushobora kuvuga ubwigenge mu gihe abaturage bagikandamizwa n’ubuyobozi bw’ibihugu byabo. Kuri twe, ubwigenge ni ukubaho ufite agaciro no kubasha kwiyubakira ejo hazaza nta nkomyi.”
Muri iki gihe, Umunsi wa Afurika uragenda uba umwanya wo gutekereza no kwisuzuma aho kuba uwo kwizihiza gusa. Abenshi bavuga ko nubwo Afurika yabonye ubwigenge bwa politiki, urugamba rwo kubona ubwigenge mu bukungu, mu ikoranabuhanga no mu miyoborere rukiri rurerure.
Nk’uko Kimanthi yabivuze, “Amabendera ni ayacu, ariko imigozi igenzura ubukungu iracyafatirwa hanze.”