Nyina wa Helen, umugore w’imyaka 80 wo mu Bwongereza, ni umwe mu baguye muri uwo mutego, aho yoherereje abatekamutwe biyita abakunzi be amafaranga 140,000 by’amapawundi angana na 274,861,596 Frw.
Uyu mubyeyi yari yarakunze cyane umugabo bahuriye kuri Facebook. Yizeraga ko ari umuntu nyakuri kandi ko bazabana nyuma y’uko uyu mugabo akize indwara yari arwaye.
Umunsi umwe, uyu mugore yafashe igitabo, akuramo amwe mu mapaji yacyo, ahashyira amafaranga 10,000 y’amapawundi maze ayohereza mu bitaro byo muri Shanghai, mu Bushinwa, aho uwo mugabo yavugaga ko yari arwariye kandi yitegura kubagwa vuba.
Nyuma y’uko uyu mugabo ngo akize, nyina wa Helen yakomeje gutegereza ko bazabana. Icyakora, abasahuzi bakomeje kumusaba amafaranga menshi.
Nyuma haje undi mugabo wavugaga ko yashimuswe, amusaba amafaranga yo kumucungura kugira ngo aticwa. Muri rusange, uyu mugore yohereje angana na 140,000 by’amapawundi ku bantu bamushukaga mu izina ry’urukundo.
Uko baje kumenya ko ari ubutekamutwe nta rukundo
Helen avuga ko bwa mbere yatangiye gukeka ko hari ikibazo ubwo nyina yamwohererezaga ubutumwa bwari bugenewe abo bantu bamushukaga. Nyuma yaho, nyina yatangiye kugira ibanga rikomeye ku birebana n’abantu yavuganaga na bo.
Helen avuga ko yabonaga nyina ahamagara kandi akora ibiganiro by’amashusho kenshi, ariko ntashake kuvuga uwo yavuganaga na we. Ati: “Byaragaragaraga ko hari ikindi kintu cyongeye kuba.”
Avuga ko kumenya ibibera kuri nyina no kugerageza kumufasha byamushenguraga, kuko atari afite ubumenyi cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwo guhangana n’ikibazo nk’icyo.
Abatekamutwe bakoresheje AI
Nyina wa Helen yari yarahuye n’abo bamushukaga kuri Facebook. Bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwenge buhangano (AI) mu guhindura uko basaga ku mafoto ndetse no mu biganiro by’amashusho.
Ubu buryo buzwi nka deepfake, aho ikoranabuhanga rishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora cyangwa guhindura amashusho n’amajwi ku buryo umuntu ashobora kwizera ko ari umuntu nyakuri.
BBC ivuga ko uburyo abatekamutwe bakoresha buba buri ku rwego rwo hejuru, mu gihe uburiganya bw’amafaranga mu Bwongereza bukomeje kwiyongera. Mu 2025, abatekamutwe bibye amafaranga arenga miliyari 1.3 y’amapawundi.
Ibimenyetso bishobora kukwereka ko uri gushukwa
Umusesenguzi wa porogaramu ya BBC Radio 4, Scam Secrets, Shari Vahl, avuga ko hari ibimenyetso bishobora gufasha umuntu kumenya ko uwo babana yaguye mu mutego w’abatekamutwe.
Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara ku muntu watangiye kugwa mu mutego w’ubutekamutwe birimo guhinduka mu myitwarire cyangwa imimerere, gutangira kugira ibanga no kwirinda gusobanura ibyo akora.
Ugasanga ajya kuri banki cyangwa ku biro by’iposita kenshi mu buryo budasanzwe, kugura ibintu nk’ikarita z’impano, kohereza amafaranga kuri konti zitandukanye cyangwa gufungura konti nshya, ndetse no gutangira gukoresha telefoni cyangwa interineti mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwo yari asanzwe akoresha.
Niba ugiye kumufasha bitware gake
Helen yagerageje gushaka uburyo bwo gutuma nyina amugirira icyizere aho guhita amushinja ko ari gushukwa. Yafashe umwanzuro wo kumwegera atuje no kumwereka ko ashobora kumuganiriza ku bibazo afite.
Dale Richardson, ushinzwe kurinda abantu uburiganya muri Polisi, asaba imiryango kugira amatsiko ku byo umuntu ari kunyuramo, ariko bakirinda kumuhatira cyangwa kumushinja.
Avuga ko ari ngombwa kumubaza ibibazo bituma asobanura uko yahuye n’uwo muntu, icyo yamubwiye ndetse n’uko umubano wabo watangiye.
Helen yaje kwemererwa kuvugana n’umuntu wavuganaga na nyina ku mashusho. Yahise abona ko amashusho ye adasanzwe, kuko isura ye ntiyagaragara neza kandi ijwi rye ntiryajyanaga neza n’umunwa we.
Nubwo Helen yagerageje gusobanurira nyina ko uwo mugabo atari uwo yavugaga ko ari we, nyina ntiyamwemeye. Ahubwo yamubwiye ko yamukojeje isoni kandi ko atagomba kwivanga mu mubano we.
Dr Lis Carter, impuguke mu bijyanye n’imikoreshereze y’ururimi akaba ari umwe mu bagize itsinda rya Scam Secrets, avuga ko bisaba kwihangana no kwitonda mu gihe ugerageza gufasha umuntu wizera ko ari mu rukundo nyakuri.
Avuga ko iyo umuryango winjiye muri uwo mubano ushaka kuwuhagarika, uwashutswe ashobora kubona ko uri kugerageza kumwambura ibyishimo.
Banki yagize uruhare mu kurinda amafaranga ye
Kubera ko Helen atashoboye gutandukanya nyina n’abatekamutwe, yegereye banki kuko yari afite ububasha bwo gukorera nyina mu by’imari buzwi nka lasting power of attorney, bumufasha gufata ibyemezo bimwe mu mwanya we no gushyiraho uburyo bwo kurinda konti ze.
Jim Winters, ushinzwe ibyaha by’ubukungu muri Nationwide, avuga ko umuntu ukeka ko umwe mu bagize umuryango we ari gushukwa akwiye kwegera banki, kuko nubwo ishobora kutagira ububasha bwo gutanga amakuru yose kubera amategeko arengera amakuru bwite, ishobora gushyiraho ingamba zo kurinda konti y’umukiriya.
Kugeza ubu, banki nyina wa Helen akoresha yamusubije 45,000 by’amapawundi.
Ku rundi ruhande, guhindura nimero ya telefoni ntibyari bihagije, kuko Helen yayihinduye inshuro eshatu ariko nyina akomeza guha abatekamutwe nimero nshya. Amaherezo, yamwambuye telefoni ngendanwa, amusigira telefoni yari ifite ubushobozi bwo guhamagara no kohereza ubutumwa gusa.
Winters avuga ko rimwe na rimwe bisaba “gusubiramo bundi bushya” uburyo umuntu agaragara kuri murandasi, burimo guhindura nimero ya telefoni, aderesi ya email ndetse na konti ze, kuko ari byo abatekamutwe bakoresha kugira ngo babone umuntu kandi bakomeze kumugeraho, kubihindura bishobora gufasha guhagarika uwo mubano.
Icyo wakora niba umuvandimwe cyangwa inshuti yawe yashutswe
Abahanga batanga inama zikurikira ku bantu bafite umuvandimwe cyangwa inshuti bakeka ko yaba yaraguye mu mutego w’abatekamutwe:
Kubaza ibibazo bitamushyiraho igitutu: Muganirize mutuje kandi mumubaze ibibazo bimufasha gusobanura uko ibintu byatangiye.
Kuvugana na banki: Banki ishobora gushyiraho uburyo bwo kurinda konti no gufasha guhagarika ibikorwa by’amafaranga bikekwa.
Gushaka umuntu utabogama: Umuntu utari hafi cyane y’ikibazo ashobora gufasha uwashutswe kuvuga ibyo ari kunyuramo atikanga ko azacirwa urubanza.
Guhindura uburyo umuntu aboneka kuri murandasi: Guhindura nimero ya telefoni, email ndetse na konti akoresa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bishobora gufasha guhagarika uburyo abatekamutwe bakoresha mu kumugeraho.