U Rwanda mu rugamba rwo kurwanya burundu iyangirika ry’amaraso bitarenze mu 2027

Nubwo ubu amaraso yangirika agera kuri 1% by’ayatanzwe, abayobozi muri RBC bavuga ko bishoboka kurandura uko kwangirika kwayo burundu binyuze mu kunoza imikoreshereze y’ikoranabuhanga, igenamigambi, n’ubwikorezi bunoze.

1. Moto z’amashanyarazi mu gutwara amaraso mu mijyi

Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’umuvundo wo mu mijyi ushobora gutinza kugeza amaraso ku bayakeneye byihutirwa, Leta y’u Rwanda iteganya gutangiza ikoreshwa rya moto z’amashanyarazi zitwara amaraso guhera mu mwaka w'ingengo y’imari ya 2026–2027.

Dr Thomas Muyombo, Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe gutanga Amaraso muri RBC, yagize ati: “Kugera ku maraso vuba bitabara ubuzima, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’ibyago. Moto z’amashanyarazi zizadufasha kunyura mu muvundo no kugeza amaraso aho akenewe ku gihe.”

Nubwo indege zitagira abapilote (drones) zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu kugeza amaraso mu bice by’icyaro, umuvundo w’imodoka mu mijyi wari ugihangayikishije. Izi moto zizafasha kandi kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere no kurushaho kurinda amaraso atwarwa.

Moïse Tuyishimire, ushinzwe gushishikariza no kubungabunga abatanga amaraso muri RBC, yavuze ko igihe amaraso atanzwe agera ku bitaro ku gihe bizagabanya umuco wo gusaba amaraso menshi adakenewe, ibyo usanga bitera kwangirika kwayo.

2. Intwari Club 25: Gahunda yo gukangurira urubyiruko gutanga amaraso

Mu 2023, RBC yatangije Intwari Club 25, gahunda igamije gushishikariza urubyiruko gutanga amaraso kenshi. Abayijyamo basezeranya ko bazatanga amaraso nibura inshuro 25 mu buzima bwabo.

Tuyishimire yagize ati: “Urubyiruko rufite imyaka myinshi yo gutanga amaraso imbere. Umuntu ufite imyaka 20 ashobora gutanga amaraso imyaka myinshi.”

Kugeza mu 2024, iri tsinda ryari rifite abanyamuryango 469 bari bamaze gutanga ibice 515 by’amaraso, muri 84,313 byakusanijwe mu gihugu hose uwo mwaka.

Amaraso atangwa mu buryo bubiri: amaraso yose (whole blood), cyangwa ibice by’amaraso nk’aya plasma/ Platelets atangwa hakoreshejwe imashini zitwa apheresis.

3. Ikoranabuhanga mu micungire y’amaraso

U Rwanda ruri gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga rizafasha mu micungire y’amaraso, ryitezweho gutangira gukora mu myaka ibiri iri imbere. Rizafasha abatanga amaraso kwiyandikisha, gutegura gahunda zo kuyatanga no kujya bibutswa igihe cyo kubikora.

Dr Muyombo yagize ati: “Ikoranabuhanga rizagabanya igihe abatanga amaraso batakazaga, kandi bizadufasha kugera ku bayatanze mbere byihuse mu gihe cy’ibyago.”

Hazashyirwaho ikigo cyihariye cyakira abahamagara (call centre) kizafasha gukurikirana abatanga amaraso, gutanga ibisubizo byihuse ku ndwara n’amaraso adakunze kuboneka, no kugabanya ibiciro by’itangwa ry’amaraso.

4. Guteganya hakiri kare amaraso akenewwe

RBC iri kwimukira ku buryo bwo gutegura amasoko y’amaraso hashingiwe ku biteganyijwe nk'abakeneye kubagwa, cyangwa ibihe by’impeshyi n’iminsi mikuru aho impanuka zikunze kwiyongera.

Tuyishimire ati: “Iyo ibitaro bizi ko bizakenera amaraso mu gihe runaka, natwe dukusanya amaraso hakiri kare kugira ngo turwanye ibura ryayo.”

Ubu buryo bushya buzafasha kugabanya amaraso yangirika ndetse no kwemeza ko ahari ku gihe cyose akenewe.

Kwirinda ni ingenzi

Mu birori byo kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w’Abatanga Amaraso byabereye i Musanze, Guverineri w’Intara y’Amajyaruguru, Maurice Mugabowagahunde, yavuze ko kwirinda ari ryo shingiro ryose.

Ati: “Turimo guteza imbere imirire iboneye, kwirinda impanuka no kugira imibereho myiza hagamijwe kugabanya umubare w’abantu bakeneye guterwa amaraso.”

Dr Solange Mukeshimana Kagemanyi wo ku Kigo Frontier Diagnostic Center yavuze ko indwara zitandura nka diyabete n’umuvuduko w’amaraso zituma bamwe batemererwa gutanga amaraso. Ati: “Dukora ibishoboka byose ngo abantu babe bazima no mu gihe barwaye, bigabanye impamvu zo guterwa amaraso.”

Igihe amaraso abikwa

• Plasma: Abikwa amezi 12 iyo abitswe neza
• Platelets: Iminsi itanu
• Red blood cells: Iminsi 35–42
• Whole blood: Iminsi 35

Mu 2024, RBC yakusanyije 84,383 by’amaraso, bivuye ku batanga amaraso 58,688. Abagabo batanze 70% by’amaraso yose, abagore 30%, naho urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 18–25 rwihariye 65.3% by’amaraso yose yakusanyijwe.

Izi gahunda enye, hamwe no gukangurira abaturage ubwitange no kwirinda indwara n’impanuka, niyo nkingi RBC yizeweho ko iyangirika ry’amaraso mu Rwanda rizacika burundu bitarenze 2027.

U Rwanda riyemeje kurandura burundu iyangirika ry'amaraso bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2027