Nk’uko byatangajwe na OMS, aya mabwiriza mashya yamurikiwe i Berlin mu Budage ku munsi wahariwe ibikorwa byo gukumira ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bukabije (Heat Action Day), aho OMS yagaragaje ko ubushyuhe bukomeje guhitana abantu benshi buri mwaka ndetse bukaba bwitezweho kwiyongera uko imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikomeza gukaza umurego.
Uburayi buri gushyuha kurusha indi migabane
Umuyobozi wa OMS ku Mugabane w'u Burayi, Dr Hans Henri P. Kluge, yavuze ko Uburayi ari wo mugabane uri gushyuha ku muvuduko munini kurusha indi ku isi.
Yatangaje ko mu myaka ine ishize gusa, abantu barenga ibihumbi 200 bapfuye bazize ubushyuhe bukabije mu Burayi. Yagize ati: "Ubushyuhe ni umwicanyi wicecekeye, ariko si ikibazo kidashobora gukemuka. Dufite ibikoresho n'ubumenyi bwo gukiza ubuzima, igisigaye ni ukubishyira mu bikorwa."
OMS ivuga ko indwara z'umutima n'imitsi ari zo zikomeza kwiyongera cyane mu gihe ubushyuhe buzamutse, cyane cyane ku bantu bageze mu zabukuru, abafite uburwayi budakira ndetse n'abatuye mu mijyi minini.
Mu Budage honyine, amakuru y'Ikigo Robert Koch Institute agaragaza ko mu mwaka ushize abantu bagera ku 2,500 bapfuye bazize ubushyuhe bukabije.
Mu Burayi, ibihugu byibasiwe cyane n'iki kibazo ni u Butaliyani, Espagne, u Budage n'u Bugereki, aho igihugu cy'u Bugereki gifite umubare munini w'abapfa bazize ubushyuhe ugereranyije n'umubare w'abaturage.
Amabwiriza mashya ya OMS azafasha iki?
Amabwiriza mashya ya OMS ashingiye ku ngingo umunani z'ingenzi zigamije gufasha inzego za leta n'abafatanyabikorwa gutegura gahunda zihamye zo kurinda abaturage.
Muri zo harimo:
- Guteza imbere uburyo bwo gutanga amakuru yo kuburira abantu ku bushyuhe bukabije mbere y'uko buteza akaga.
- Kwigisha abaturage uko bakwirinda ubushyuhe.
- Kurinda by'umwihariko abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa n'ubushyuhe.
- Gushimangira ubushobozi bw'amavuriro n'ibitaro kwakira abarwayi benshi mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije.
- Guteza imbere igenamigambi ry'imijyi ririmo gutera ibiti, kubaka ama pariki n'ibindi bikorwa bigabanya ubushyuhe.
Minisitiri w'Ibidukikije mu Budage, Carsten Schneider, yavuze ko kurwanya ubushyuhe bukabije bidashobora gutandukana no kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Yagaragaje ko ibiti, amashyamba, ibishanga n'inzuzi bifasha kugabanya ubushyuhe ndetse no kubika amazi, bityo bikaba kimwe mu bisubizo by'igihe kirekire.
Afurika na yo iri mu kaga
Nubwo raporo ya OMS yibanze cyane ku Burayi, Afurika na yo iri mu migabane ikomeje guhura n'ingaruka zikomeye z'ubushyuhe bukabije.
Mu myaka ya vuba, ibihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika byagiye byibasirwa n'ibipimo by'ubushyuhe bidasanzwe, cyane cyane mu bice bya Sahel, Afurika y'Amajyaruguru, Afurika y'Iburasirazuba ndetse no mu majyepfo y'umugabane.
Ibihugu nka Mali, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Algeria, Morocco na Egypt byagiye bigaragaza ubushyuhe burenga dogere selisiyusi 45, rimwe na rimwe bukagera hafi kuri 50°C.
Abahanga mu by'ikirere bavuga ko Afurika ari umwe mu migabane ifite ubushobozi buke bwo guhangana n'ingaruka z'imihindagurikire y'ikirere nubwo rwose itarekura gaz nyinshi zangiza ikirere.
Ubushyuhe bukabije muri Afurika bugira ingaruka nyinshi nko kwiyongera kw'indwara ziterwa n'ubushyuhe, igabanuka ry'umusaruro w'ubuhinzi, kubura amazi, inzara n'imirire mibi, kongera ibyago by'inkongi z'umuriro, ndetse no kwiyongera kw'impfu z'abana n'abageze mu zabukuru.
Mu Karere ka Afurika y'Iburasirazuba, harimo u Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania na Ethiopia, ubushyuhe bukabije bugenda bwiyongera cyane cyane mu bihe by'impeshyi.
Nubwo ibihugu byinshi bitarashyiraho gahunda zihamye nk'iziri gukorwa mu Burayi, inzobere zigaragaza ko hakenewe uburyo bwo kuburira abaturage hakiri kare, kongera ibikorwaremezo bitanga amazi no kubaka imijyi ishobora guhangana n'ubushyuhe.
OMS ivuga ko igihe cyo gufata ingamba ari ubu kuko uko isi ikomeza gushyuha, ni ko ibibazo by'ubushyuhe bukabije bizagenda byiyongera.
Mu gihe Uburayi buri gushyira imbaraga mu gutegura gahunda z'igihe kirekire zo kurinda abaturage, Afurika na yo irasabwa kwihutisha ingamba zo kwirinda no guhangana n'ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bukomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima rusange muri iyi myaka.