Ishingiye ku kuba impfu ziterwa no kwiyahura ziri kwiyongera ku muvuduko uteye ubwoba, OMS isaba ibihugu, ibigo by’amashuri, ibigo by’ubuzima, no mu muryango kongera ibiganiro bigamije kurwanya no gukumira ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura.
Uyu mwaka, insanganyamatsiko ni “Guhindura uburyo tuvuga ku kwiyahura”, naho ubutumwa bw’ingenzi bukaba “Tangira ikiganiro.”
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ryita ku Buzima, OMS rishimangira ko guhindura uburyo abantu batekereza kandi bakaganira kuri iki kibazo ari ingenzi mu kugabanya ipfunwe rikikije ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe no gutuma abantu batinya gushaka ubufasha.
Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka ishishikariza abantu kuva ku guceceka n’imyumvire itari yo, ahubwo bakagira ibiganiro birangwa no gutega amatwi, kumva no gushyigikirana.
OMS ishimangira ko abantu bakeneye ahantu hatekanye bashobora kuvugira ku bibazo bafite batinya guciribwa urubanza. Ibiganiro nk’ibyo bishobora gufasha umuntu kumva ko atari wenyine kandi ko hari abantu bashobora kumutega amatwi no kumushyigikira.
Uyu butumwa bugenewe abantu ku giti cyabo, imiryango, amashuri, aho abantu bakorera, inzego z’ubuzima ndetse n’abayobozi, kugira ngo ubuzima bwo mu mutwe buhabwe umwanya ukwiye muri gahunda z’ubuzima rusange.
Abarenga 720,000 buri mwaka bapfa biyahuye
Imibare ya OMS igaragaza ko abantu barenga 720,000 bapfa buri mwaka biyahuye ku isi. Mu mibare ya OMS iheruka kubarwa mu mwaka wa 2021, abantu bagera kuri 727,000 bapfuye biyahuye. Muri abo, 73% bari abo mu bihugu bikennye n’ibifite amikoro aciriritse.
OMS ivuga ko kwiyahura ari ku mwanya wa gatatu mu mpamvu zihitana abantu bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 15 na 29, bigaragaza uburemere bw’iki kibazo cyane cyane mu rubyiruko.
Ku bijyanye n’ibitera umuntu kugera ku rwego rwo kwiyahura, OMS isobanura ko nta mpamvu imwe yonyine yabiteza. Akenshi biterwa n’imikoranire y’ibintu bitandukanye birimo ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, imibanire n’abandi, ubukungu, imibereho ndetse n’ibindi bibazo umuntu ashobora guhura na byo mu buzima.
Mu byongera ibyago harimo agahinda gakabije n’izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe, kunywa inzoga ku rugero rukabije, ibibazo by’imibanire, ibibazo by’amafaranga, irungu, ivangura, ihohoterwa, gifatwa nabi, kubura uwo wakundaga, uburwayi budakira ndetse n’ububabare bw’igihe kirekire. Ibibazo by’intambara, amakuba cyangwa ibindi bihe bikomeye umuntu acamo na byo bishobora kongera ibyago.
OMS kandi ivuga ko hari igihe umuntu ashobora kugera mu bihe by’akaga cyangwa ibibazo bikomeye maze agafata icyemezo mu buryo butunguranye, bitewe n’uko ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibyo bibazo buba bwagabanutse. Kuba umuntu yarigeze kugerageza kwiyahura ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bikomeye byongera ibyago byo kongera kugira imyitwarire nk’iyo.
Nubwo imibare ikomeje kuba myinshi, OMS ishimangira ko kwiyahura bishobora gukumirwa. Gukangurira abantu kuvuga ku bibazo bafite, kugabanya ipfunwe rikikije ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, kumenya abantu bafite ibibazo hakiri kare no kubafasha kubona ubufasha bw’ababishoboye ni bimwe mu byafasha kugabanya iki kibazo.
2026 ni umwaka usoza gahunda y’imyaka itatu
Umwaka wa 2026 ni wo usoza gahunda y’imyaka itatu yatangiye muri 2024, yari ifite insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Changing the narrative on suicide.”
Muri iyi gahunda y’imyaka itatu, hibanzwe ku guhindura imyumvire ku kwiyahura, kugabanya ipfunwe no guteza imbere ibiganiro bituma abantu bashobora kuvuga ku bibazo bafite ndetse no gushaka ubufasha.
Uko mu Rwanda bimeze
Mu Rwanda mu bihe bitandukanye ibinyamakuru byagiye bitangaza inkuru ku bantu biyahuye, bamwe bijugunye ku nyubako y’ahazwi nko ku nkundamahoro muri Nyabugogo, abandi ku nyubako yo kwa Makuza mu Mujyi rwagati, n’ahandi hatandukanye mu gihugu.
Ikigo cy’u Rwanda cy’Ubuzima (RBC) cyatangaje ko mu mwaka wa 2024 ibigo nderabuzima byakiriye kandi bikurikirana abantu 602 bagerageje kwiyahura, aho abarenga kimwe cya kabiri bari bafite hagati y'imyaka 19 na 35.
Mu mpamvu zikunze kugaragazwa harimo amakimbirane yo mu muryango, ibibazo by'urukundo, ubwigunge, ibibazo by'ubukungu ndetse no kubura ubufasha mu gihe gikwiye.
Inzego z’ubuzima, iz’umutekano, n’izindi nzego zose zifite imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu nshingano zihuriza ku gushishikariza Abanyarwanda kwirinda gutoteza undi kuko bishobora kumuviramo kwyahura, ndetse zikanibutsa uruhare rwo kuganira ku ngingo zitandukanye zirimo n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.
Uunsi Mpuzamahanga wo Kurwanya Kwiyahura uba buri mwaka ku wa 10 Nzeri rero, ukaba ugamije gukangurira isi kurushaho gufata iki kibazo nk’ikibazo cy’ubuzima rusange no gushimangira uruhare rwa buri wese mu kugikumira. OMS ikomeza gushyira imbere ibikorwa bigamije gukumira kwiyahura no guteza imbere ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.