Igihe inzego z’u Rwanda zimaze
iminsi zishyira imbaraga mu kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’inzoga zitujuje ubuziranenge,
ibiyobyabwenge n’ibindi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abaturage, hari
ikindi kibazo cyatangiye kugarukwaho cyane: ikoreshwa ry’itabi rya Vape cyangwa
E-cigarettes.
Ni ibikoresho bimaze kumenyerwa
cyane cyane mu rubyiruko, kuko bishobora kugira isura ntoya kandi yoroshye
gutwara, ndetse bimwe bikaba bisa n’ikaramu, Flash disk cyangwa ibindi
bikoresho umuntu ashobora gutwara atabanje kubitekerezaho nk’itabi.
Kuri uyu wa Kane tariki 13 Kanama
2026, mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, Umuvugizi wa Polisi y’u Rwanda, ACP Boniface
Rutikanga, yavuze ko inzego zitandukanye zatangiye ubukangurambaga bugamije
gukumira ikoreshwa ry’ibi bikoresho, mbere y’uko hafatwa izindi ngamba
zikomeye.
Ibi yabivuze mu gihe Polisi yari
imaze kugaragaza abantu 18 bakurikiranyweho ibyaha birimo gukoresha ububasha
bahabwa n’itegeko mu nyungu zabo bwite no kuba icyitso mu guha umuntu ikintu
gishobora kwica cyangwa gushegesha ubuzima.
Muri aba 18 harimo Umuyobozi Mukuru
w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Kugenzura Ubuziranenge bw’Ibiribwa n’Imiti mu
Rwanda (Rwanda FDA), Prof. Emile Bienvenu.
Vape, izwi kandi nka E-cigarette,
ni igikoresho gikoresha umuriro wa batiri kugira ngo gishyushye umuti wihariye
witwa e-liquid cyangwa vape liquid, kigakora umwuka umeze nk’umwotsi witwa
aerosol, ari wo ukoresha ahumeka.
Ibi bitandukanye n’itabi risanzwe,
kuko itabi risanzwe ritwikwa rigatanga umwotsi, mu gihe E-cigarette yo ishyushya
umuti.
Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku
Buzima, WHO, uvuga ko ayo mazi ashobora kuba arimo nicotine, ndetse akaba
ashobora kuba arimo ibindi byongerwa, uburyohe n’imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka
ku buzima.
Ni na yo mpamvu abantu bamwe bayita
Vape, abandi bakayita E-cigarette, Vape pen, cyangwa andi mazina bitewe
n’ubwoko bw’igikoresho.
Kuki
ACP Boniface ayigereranya na shisha?
Mu kiganiro yagiranye
n’abanyamakuru, umunyamakuru wa InyaRwanda.com yamubajije aho inzego z’u Rwanda
zigeze mu guhangana n’izamuka ry’umubare w’abakoresha Vape.
ACP Boniface yasobanuye ko
ubukangurambaga ari bwo bwatangijwe mbere yo kugera ku rwego rwo gufata no
guhana abakoresha cyangwa ababikwirakwiza.
Yagize ati: “Ni kimwe mu
biyobyabwenge n’ubwo wenda kiri mu cyiciro kitari hejuru cyane. Birashoboka ko
ubukangurambaga butagize imbaraga ariko twabutangiye nabwo aho kugirango
dutangire gufata dufunga, duhana, dutangire kwigisha.”
Yakomeje avuga ko inzego
zishishikariza aho abantu bahurira kugira uruhare mu gukumira ikoreshwa ryabyo.
ACP Boniface yavuze ko hari ikibazo
cyo gutahura bamwe mu bakoresha Vape kubera uburyo ibi bikoresho bishobora
kugira isura idahita igaragaza ko ari itabi.
Ati: “Ikibazo gikomeye turiho
dushakisha uburyo dukurikirana n’uko tuno tuntu basigaye barize uburyo kaba
kameze nka ‘Flash’ cyangwa umufuniko w’ikaramu, ubimenya ari uko agashyize ku
munwa ukabona hasohotse umwotsi.”
Ntabwo
ari umwotsi gusa: harimo nicotine n’ibindi bishobora kwangiza
Kimwe mu bintu bituma Vape ishobora
gufatwa nk’ikintu kitagira ikibazo ni uko uyikoresha adahumeka umwotsi umeze
nk’uva ku itabi risanzwe.
Ariko WHO isobanura ko ibyo bita
aerosol biva muri E-cigarettes bishobora kuba birimo nicotine n’ibindi bintu
byangiza umubiri. Iyi aerosol si “umwuka w’amazi” utagira icyo utwara nk’uko
hari ababyibeshyaho.
Nicotine ni kimwe mu bintu
by’ingenzi bituma umuntu ashobora gukomeza gukoresha Vape.
WHO ivuga ko nicotine ibata cyane,
kandi ko ikoreshwa ryayo ku bana n’ingimbi rishobora kugira ingaruka ku
mikurire y’ubwonko.
Ikigo cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za
Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara, CDC, na cyo kivuga ko aerosols
za E-cigarettes zishobora kuba zirimo nicotine, utuntu duto cyane dushobora
kugera mu bihaha, ibyitwa volatile organic compounds, ibyuma biremereye nka
nickel, tin na lead ndetse n’indi miti ishobora kwangiza umubiri.
Kuki
bamwe bumva ko Vape itagira ikibazo?
Hari abantu bayikoresha bavuga ko
itagira umwotsi mwinshi nk’itabi risanzwe, ko idahumura cyane cyangwa ko
itababaza umutwe nk’uko bamwe babyumva ku zindi nzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge.
Ariko ibi ntibisobanuye ko ari
umutekano.
WHO ivuga ko E-cigarettes zitagomba
gufatwa nk’ibintu bidafite ingaruka ku buzima, ndetse ko hari ibimenyetso
byerekana ko bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bihaha no ku mutima, nubwo ingaruka
z’igihe kirekire zikomeje gukorwaho ubushakashatsi.
Ikindi kibazo ni uko hari abantu
bashobora gukoresha Vape ndetse bagakomeza no kunywa itabi risanzwe. WHO ivuga
ko uku gukoresha ibicuruzwa byombi bishobora gukomeza ububata bwa nicotine
kandi atari uburyo bwizewe bwo kwirinda ingaruka z’itabi.
Ni
iki kiba ku muntu utangiye kuyikoresha?
Umuntu ashobora gutangira
ayikoresha abitewe n’amatsiko, inshuti cyangwa kubera ko yumva ko ari uburyo
bugezweho kandi butagira ingaruka zikomeye.
Ariko iyo Vape irimo nicotine, uko
umuntu akomeza kuyikoresha ni ko ashobora gutangira kuyikenamo umubiri.
CDC ivuga ko umuntu umaze kugira
ububata bwa nicotine ashobora kugira ibimenyetso iyo ayihagaritse, birimo
kugira umujinya, kutaruhuka, kugira ubushake bukomeye bwo kongera kuyikoresha,
kugira ikibazo cyo gusinzira cyangwa kwibanda ku kintu.
Ni yo mpamvu amagambo ya ACP
Boniface avuga ko “kakugira imbata” ari igice gikomeye mu butumwa Polisi ishaka
kugeza ku bakoresha Vape.
Ati “Ariko mbere na mbere, ubu
twatangiye ubukangurambaga mu babikoresha, kuko ni indi shisha ije mu bundi
buryo. Ni shisha itari cya kintu baterekaga nk’igikono.”
Yongeyeho ati: “Icyo abantu bitwaza
ni uko itanuka, n’uko itamena umutwe, ariko umuntu wese wagakoresheje
azakubwire, kakugira imbata, kandi ibintu bikugira imbata hari ikintu kiba
kigenda cyangirika mu bwoko.”
Ni
nde uba mu kaga kurushaho?
Abana, ingimbi n’urubyiruko ni
bamwe mu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ububata bwa nicotine.
CDC ivuga ko ubwonko bw’umuntu
bukomeza gukura kugeza mu myaka ya 20, kandi ko nicotine ishobora kugira
ingaruka ku bice by’ubwonko bifasha mu kwiga, kwibuka, kwibanda no kugenzura
imyitwarire.
WHO na yo yakunze kuburira ko
ibicuruzwa bishya birimo nicotine birimo E-cigarettes bikomeje gukurura
urubyiruko binyuze mu buryohe butandukanye, imiterere y’ibikoresho ndetse
n’uburyo bigaragara nk’ibigezweho. Mu 2026, WHO yongeye gusaba ibihugu gushyiraho
ingamba zikomeye zo kurinda urubyiruko ububata bwa nicotine.
Umuvugizi wa Polisi, ACP Boniface Rutikanga yasabye abakoresha Vape gutangira gutekereza ku ngaruka z’icyo bakoresha no kukireka
Itabi rya 'Vepe' rikozwe mu buryo kuritahura bigora benshi, cyereka urikoresha abikweretse, kuko riri mu byiciro bitandukanye