Nifashishije inyandiko iri ku rubuga rw'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubuzima mu Rwanda (RBC), bavuga ko kugira ngo umuntu yitwe imbata y’ikiyobyabwenge agomba kuba afite bitatu mu bimenyetso bikurikira: Irari ridashira ryo gufata ikiyobyabwenge, Kugira ububabare cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso iyo ikiyobyabwenge cyagabanutse cyangwa cyabuze mu mubiri;
Gukenera kongera ingano y’ikiyobyabwenge kugirango yumve amereweneza uko abishaka (tolerance), Gutakaza ishyaka ryo gukora ibindi bintu bitari ikoresha ry’ikiyobyabwenge, mbese gukoresha igihe kinini cy’umwanya we wa buri munsi ku ikoreshwary’ikiyobyabwenge, Gukomeza gukoresha ikiyobyabwenge n’igihe azi neza ingorane cyamuteje n’ingaruka ashobora guhura nazo
Ingaruka zo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge
Ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge rigira ingaruka ku mubiri, ku buzima bwo mu mutwe, ku mibanire n’abandi, ndetse no k’umurimo cyangwa umwuga umuntu yari asanzwe akora. Izindi ngaruka ziba kuri ejo hazaza h’umuntu.
Hiyongeraho kandi ingaruka zijyanye no guhanwa n’amategeko. Ingaruka ku mubiri Mu ndwara z’umubiri twavuga nk’uburwayi bw’umwijima, ubw’umutima ubwonko n’imyakura ndetse n’ubumuga bushobora kubikomokaho. Hari kandi uburwayi bw’urwungano ngogozi, indwara z’ubuhumekero, kanseri, gutakaza ubushobozi bw’umubiri bwo kurwanya indwara, SIDA, ibindi.
Ingaruka k’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe
Ibibazo byo mu mutwe birushaho kuba urusobe ndetse uko bitinda abantu bakagira indwara zikomeye zirimo: gutakaza ubushake bwo gukora, ubushobozi bwo gufata mu mutwe, agahinda gakabije no kwiyahura, ndetse n’uburwayi bukomeye bwo mu mutwe.
Ingaruka ku mibanire n’abandi, ku murimo n’ejo hazaza Muri zo twavuga guhora mu myenda (amadeni), impagarara n’amahane mu muryango, gusaba impushya za hato na hato ndetse no gusiba akazi, kwirukanwa mu mashuri cyangwa ku kazi, ubukene, kwiyandarika, uburaya n’ibindi "
Ingaruka ku bukungu bw’igihugu nazo ziragaragara mu nzego nyinshi; abakozi babaye bakeya mu rubyiruko kuko urwinshi rwirirwa ntacyo rukora, ibigo bya “Gikondo Transit Center ", Iwawa na Huye “Rehabilitation Centers " bitwara amafaranga menshi ku ngengo y’imari ya minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu n’Imiyoborere myiza n’abandi bafatanya bikorwa bayo.
Ikiyobyabwenge ni iki?
Ikiyobyabwenge n’ikintu cyose gihindura imitekerereze n’imyitwarire bikagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’umuntu, cyaba kinyowe, gihumetswe cyangwa gitewe mu rushinge, n’ubundi buryo bwose cyafatwamo. Uretse ibiyobyabwenge bizwi nk’urumogi, kokayine, heroyine (Mugo) n’ibindi, ubusanzwe kugirango ikintu kitwe ikiyobyabwenge iyo cyamaze gushyirwa kuri urwo rutonde na Minisiteri y’ubuzima.
Ihanwa ry’icuruza, ikora n’ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge Amategeko avuga ku biyobyabwenge
1. Itegeko n°03/2012 ryo kuwa 15/02/2012 rigena imikoreshereze y’ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu Rwanda. Iteka rya Minisitiri w’Intebe N° 113/03 ryo ku wa 19/06/2015 rishyiraho Komite ihuriweho na za Minisiteri, ishinzwe kurwanya ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge n’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo ritemewe n’amategeko kandi rikagena imiterere n’imikorere byacyo.
Itegeko N° 01/2012/OL ryo kuwa 02/05/2012 Ngenga rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana. Itegeko N°54/2011 ryo kuwa 14/12/2011 ryerekeye uburenganzira bw "umwana n’uburyo bwo kumurinda no kumurengera (Article 44). Hari kandi n’amategeko mpuzamahanga
Ihanwa ry’ibyaha byerekeranye n’ikora, icuruza, ikoresha n,ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge Ingingo zikurikira n’izo mu Itegeko N° 01/2012/OL ryo kuwa 02/05/2012 Ngenga rishyiraho igitabo cy’amategeko ahana.
Ingingo ya 202: Ibihano ku cyaha cy’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina rikoresheje imiti, ibiyobyabwenge, amashusho, ibimenyetso, imvugo cyangwa inyandiko Umuntu wese ukoresha imiti, ibiyobyabwenge, amashusho, ibimenyetso, imvugo cyangwa inyandiko;
Agamije gukora ihohotera rishingiye ku gitsina, ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku mezi atandatu (6) kugeza ku myaka ibiri (2) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kuva ku bihumbi magana atanu (500.000) kugeza kuri miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000) cyangwa kimwe gusa muri ibyo bihano.
Ingingo ya 220: Gushora umwana mu bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge, ubw’intwaro cyangwa ubw’ibindi bicuruzwa bitemewe n’amategeko Umuntu wese ushora umwana mu bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge, ubw’intwaro cyangwa bindi bicuruzwa bitemewe n’amategeko, ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku myaka ibiri (2) kugeza ku myaka itanu (5) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kuva kuri miliyoni imwe (1.000.000) kugeza kuri miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000).
Ingingo ya 593: Ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe n’amategeko; guhinga, gukora, guhindura, kugurisha, gutunda, kubika no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge birabujijwe keretse mu bihe no mu buryo byagenwe n’itegeko. Iteka rya Minisitiri ufite ubuzima mu nshingano ze ritangaza urutonde rw’ibiyobyabwenge.
Ingingo ya 594: Ibihano ku muntu ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo bitemewe n’amategeko Umuntu wese unywa, witera, uhumeka, wisiga cyangwa ukoresha ubundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku mwaka umwe (1) kugeza ku myaka itatu (3) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kuva ku bihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000) kugeza ku bihumbi magana atanu (500.000).
Umuntu wese ukora, uhindura, winjiza, ugurisha mu gihugu ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku myaka itatu (3) kugeza ku myaka itanu (5) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kuva ku bihumbi magana atanu (500.000) kugeza kuri miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000).
Ibikorwa bivugwa mu gikacya 2 cy’iyi ngingo, mu gihe bikozwe mu rwego mpuzamahanga, ibihano byikuba kabiri. Ingingo ya 595: Ibihano ku muntu worohereza undi mu gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo Umuntu wese ufasha undi kubona uburyo bumworoheye bwo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo, amuha aho abikoreshereza cyangwa amubonera ubundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, ahanishwa igifungo kuva ku mwaka umwe (1) kugeza ku myaka itatu (3) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kuva ku bihumbi magana atanu (500.000) kugeza kuri miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000).
Ibihano bivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo ni na byo bihanishwa uwahawe ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo abiherewe ku mpapuro mpimbano z’abaganga cyangwa ku mpapuro zatanzwe ku buryo bw’uburiganya cyangwa uwatanze izo mpapuro azi ko nta kuri kurimo. Umuntu wese utanga ibiyobyabwenge n’urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo ashingiye ku mpapuro abona ko nta kuri kurimo, ahanishwa ibihano bivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo
Ingingo ya 596: Gushora umwana mu biyobyabwenge Bitabangamiye ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 220 y’iri tegeko ngenga, umuntu wese ushora umwana mu biyobyabwenge mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, ahanishwa igifungo kirenze imyaka itanu (5) kugeza ku myaka irindwi (7) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kuva ku bihumbi magana atanu (500.000) kugeza kuri miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000).
Urumogi ni kimwe mu biyobyabwenge bikoreshwa cyane mu Rwanda