Inkuru y'umwana wishe umubyeyi we ni ibintu byahoze bifatwa nk'ibidashoboka cyangwa bibaho gake cyane mu muryango nyarwanda. Ariko mu myaka ya vuba, inkuru z'abana bagirira nabi cyangwa bakica ababyeyi babo zatangiye kumvikana kenshi, bituma benshi bibaza icyihishe inyuma y'iyi myitwarire ikabije.
Ese ni ikibazo cy'uburere, ihohoterwa bakuranye, ihungabana ryo mu mutwe cyangwa se ni izindi mpamvu zishingiye ku mpinduka z'imibereho y'iki gihe?
Nk'uko tubikesha Polisi y'u Rwanda, hari inkuru yabereye mu Karere ka Nyamasheke mu mwaka wa 2016, aho umusore witwa Emmanuel Niyokwizera w'imyaka 24 yashinjwe kwica nyina afatanyije na murumuna we. Polisi yavuze ko ibyo byaturutse ku makimbirane yo mu muryango n'ibibazo by'umutungo.
Byavuzwe ko yari yasabye nyina amafaranga 400,000 Frw kugira ngo amufashe gukurikirana uruhushya rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ariko aramubura. Nyuma, nyina yanze kugurisha umugabane w'umutungo kugira ngo amufashe, bikekwa ko byabaye intandaro y'icyaha.
Duhereye kuri iyo nkuru ndetse n'izindi nkuru nk'izo zikomeje kumvikana uko imyaka igenda ishira, bigaragaza ko ibikorwa by'abana bicira ababyeyi babo bikomeje gutungura benshi mu Rwanda, aho hakomeje kwibazwa impamvu zishobora gutuma umwana agera kuri urwo rwego.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ibibazo byo mu muryango, ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana ndetse n'uburere bakurana bishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye muri ibi bikorwa. Bagaragaza ko umubano mubi hagati y'umwana n'umubyeyi ushobora gutuma umwana akura afite uburakari, agahinda cyangwa inzika bimara imyaka myinshi bitarakemuka.
Nubwo ibyo bidahita bisobanura ko umwana nakura azakora icyaha cyo kwivugana umubyeyi we, ni kimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo bibangamira ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw'umwana.
Ubushakashatsi ku ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana n'urubyiruko (VACYS) bwakozwe hagati ya 2015 na 2016 ku bufatanye bw'Ikigega cy'Umuryango w'Abibumbye gishinzwe abana (UNICEF), Leta y'u Rwanda n'abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye, bwatangajwe muri Ugushyingo 2017.
Bwerekanye ko abana barenga 2,000 babajijwe ibibazo birimo niba barigeze gukubitwa cyangwa gukorerwa irindi hohoterwa ryo ku mubiri, niba barigeze gukorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, nko gusambanywa ku gahato cyangwa gukorwaho ibikorwa by'imibonano mpuzabitsina batabyemeye;
Niba barigeze gutukwa, guteshwa agaciro, gutereranwa cyangwa gukorerwa ihohoterwa ryo mu mutwe no mu marangamutima, aho iryo hohoterwa ryabereye n'abarikoze, harimo ababyeyi, abo mu muryango, abarimu, inshuti cyangwa abandi.
Ubushakashatsi kandi bwasesenguye ingaruka iri hohoterwa ryabagizeho ku buzima bw'umubiri, ubw'imitekerereze n'imibereho yabo, ndetse n'uburyo bashatse ubufasha cyangwa batangaga amakuru ku byababayeho.
Ku wa 17 Gicurasi 2018, UNICEF yatangaje ko abakobwa batanu muri 10 n'abahungu batandatu muri 10 mu Rwanda bahura nibura n'ubwoko bumwe bw'ihohoterwa, yaba irishingiye ku mubiri, ku marangamutima cyangwa ku gitsina mbere yo kuzuza imyaka 18. Icyagaragaye cyane ni uko abana benshi bahohoterwa n'abantu baba bazi kandi bizeye, barimo ababyeyi, abarimu, abaturanyi cyangwa inshuti.
Abahanga mu mitekerereze ya muntu bavuga ko iyo umwana akuriye mu rugo rurimo amakimbirane adashira, gukubitwa, guhozwa ku nkeke cyangwa kubura uwo aganiriza ibibazo bye, bishobora kumusigira ibikomere byo mu mutwe.
Nk'uko byagaragajwe n'impuguke mu mitekerereze ya muntu zirimo Bessel van der Kolk n'abandi, ihohoterwa n'amakimbirane byo mu bwana bishobora gusiga ibikomere byo mu mutwe bikagira ingaruka ku myitwarire umuntu agaragaza amaze gukura.
Iyo ibyo bibazo bihuriranye n'ibiyobyabwenge, ubukene bukabije cyangwa uburwayi bwo mu mutwe, ibyago byo kugira imyitwarire y'urugomo birushaho kwiyongera. Ni yo mpamvu impuguke zishimangira ko gukumira urugomo mu muryango bitangirira ku kubaka umubano mwiza hagati y'ababyeyi n'abana.
Nubwo nta bushakashatsi bwerekana ko ihohoterwa ryo mu bwana rihita ritera umwana kwica umubyeyi we, abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko umubano mubi hagati y'abana n'ababyeyi, ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana n'ibibazo byo mu mutwe biri mu bintu bikunze kuboneka mu miryango irimo amakimbirane akomeye.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko igikwiye kwitabwaho atari ugutegereza ko habaho amahano, ahubwo ko ari ugushimangira uburere bushingiye ku biganiro, gukemura amakimbirane hakiri kare no gufasha abana bafite ibibazo by'ihungabana cyangwa uburwayi bwo mu mutwe.
Iyo umuryango ubaye ahantu h'umutekano n'urukundo, amahirwe yo kubona urugomo rukabije hagati y'abana n'ababyeyi aragabanuka cyane.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n'abarimo Alypio Nyandwi, Fredinah Namatovu na bagenzi babo, bwatangajwe ku wa 19 Ukuboza 2022 mu kinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cy'ubushakashatsi cya BMC, bwagaragaje ko 60% by'abana bafite imyaka hagati ya 13 na 17 mu Rwanda bavuga ko bahuye n'ihohoterwa ryo ku mubiri nibura rimwe mu buzima bwabo.