Hari
abayibonamo inzira yo “gukira vuba”, abandi bakayibona nk’isoko rishya
ryuzuyemo amahirwe n’akaga icyarimwe.
Ariko
se koko ni iki gituma iyi mitungo y’ikoranabuhanga ivugwaho byinshi? Kandi kuki
u Rwanda rwafashe icyemezo cyo kuyishyiraho amategeko ayigenga?
Cryptocurrency
ni amafaranga abaho mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga gusa, atagaragara mu ntoki
cyangwa ku mpapuro nk’amafaranga asanzwe. Aha ni ho havuye izina rizwi cyane
rya Bitcoin, ryabaye nk’irembo ry’iyi si nshya y’imari.
Iri
koranabuhanga rishingiye ku cyitwa ‘blockchain’, ari nk’igitabo kinini
cyandikwamo buri gikorwa cy’amafaranga kiba cyakozwe, kikabikwa ku miyoboro ya
mudasobwa nyinshi ku isi hose.
Ibi
bituma nta muntu cyangwa ikigo kimwe cyonyine kibasha kugenzura cyangwa
guhindura ayo makuru uko cyishakiye.
Uko cryptocurrency
ikora: amafaranga adafite banki
Mu
buryo bworoshye, ‘cryptocurrency’ ikora nk’ifaranga rikoreshwa kuri internet
gusa.
Iyo
umuntu agiye kuyikoresha: Agura crypto ku masoko y’ikoranabuhanga, Akayibika
muri “digital wallet”, Akayikoresha mu kohereza cyangwa kwakira amafaranga.
Ibi
bikorwa byose ntibinyura muri banki zisanzwe, ahubwo bigakorwa n’umuyoboro wa ‘blockchain’
uhuza abantu benshi ku isi. Ni na yo mpamvu benshi bavuga ko ari “ifaranga
ridafite imbibi”.
Nubwo
ari isoko rishya kandi ridafite amategeko menshi mu bihe byashize,
cryptocurrency ifite impamvu zituma abantu bayifata nk’amahirwe akomeye.
Kohereza
amafaranga ku isi hose bishobora gukorwa mu masegonda make kandi ku giciro gito
ugereranyije na banki.
Isoko
rya crypto rihindagurika cyane, ibyo bituma hari abashobora kunguka cyane mu
gihe gito iyo bagenze neza.
Nta
banki igucunga, nta kigo kiguhagararira, ni wowe ugenga umutungo wawe.
Ibigo
bikomeye ku isi nka Mastercard byatangiye gukoresha blockchain mu
kunoza uburyo bwo kwishyurana.
Nubwo
igaragara nk’amahirwe, cryptocurrency ifite n’uruhande rwayo rukomeye rutuma
abantu benshi bahomba, kuko igiciro cyayo gishobora kuzamuka cyane mu gitondo,
kikagwa bikomeye nimugoroba.
Hari
imbuga n’abantu biyitirira ishoramari rya crypto bakizeza abantu inyungu
zidasanzwe, bagahita babambura.
Abantu
benshi binjiramo batabanje kumenya uko ikora, bikabaviramo igihombo. Nko mu
iyezandonke cyangwa ubundi bucuruzi butemewe.
U Rwanda rwahisemo
kubishyira mu murongo w’amategeko
Mu
gihe crypto yari imaze gufata intera ku isi, mu Rwanda hari abari batangiye
kuyikoresha mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko, bamwe bagahura n’ibihombo bikomeye.
Ibi
byatumye Inteko Ishinga Amategeko itora itegeko rishya rigenga ubucuruzi
bw’umutungo w’ikoranabuhanga, rigamije: Kurengera abashoramari, Gukumira
uburiganya, Kurwanya iyezandonke n’inkunga z’iterabwoba no gushyiraho uburyo
bwo kugenzura isoko.
Nk’uko
byagaragajwe na Komisiyo y’Ubukungu n’Ubucuruzi, inzego z’umutekano zagaragaje
ko hari ibibazo byinshi by’abaturage bagiye bahura n’uburiganya muri iki gice.
Ubu,
umuntu ushaka kwinjira muri iri soko azajya abikora ari uko abiherewe
uburenganzira n’inzego zibishinzwe, zirimo Capital Market Authority.
Ibi
bivuze ko nta muntu uzongera kuyikora uko yishakiye, abashoramari bazarindwa
kurushaho, abacuruza crypto bazajya bakurikiranwa n’amategeko.
Ese crypto, amahirwe
cyangwa ni akaga?
Cryptocurrency
ni nk’udushya twinshi two mu ikoranabuhanga: dufite amahirwe menshi ariko
tunasaba ubwitonzi bukomeye.
Ku
muntu uyinjiyemo atabanje kwiga neza: Ashobora kunguka cyangwa agahomba cyane.
Ku
muntu uyinjiyemo azi neza uko ikora: Ashobora kubona amahirwe akomeye
y’ishoramari.
Cryptocurrency
iracyari urugendo rushya ku isi y’imari, ariko ikigaragara ni uko itagihagarikwa.
Iri koranabuhanga riri kugenda rihindura uko abantu babona amafaranga, uko
bayohereza, n’uko bayabika.
Mu
Rwanda, kuba rigiye kugengwa n’amategeko ni intambwe ikomeye yo kurinda
abaturage no kubafasha kwinjira mu isoko rishya ritekanye.
Cryptocurrency
si ifaranga risanzwe: ni urubuga rushya rw’imari rushobora kuguhesha amahirwe
cyangwa rugahinduka igihombo bitewe n’uko urwinjiramo