‘Monetization’ si impano ku Rwanda, ni ishoramari

Ariko kuri benshi mu Banyarwanda, iri shoramari rishya ryarahagaze. Nubwo YouTube, Facebook, Instagram na TikTok byabaye igikoresho gikomeye cyo kwamamaza no kwigaragaza, benshi mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga mu Rwanda baracyahura n’imbogamizi yo kutabasha kuzikoreraho amafaranga mu buryo bwemewe, keretse biyitiriye ibindi bihugu, ikintu kitagomba kuba mu gihugu gifite icyerekezo cyo kuba igicumbi cy’ikoranabuhanga.

Ibi ni byo Perezida Paul Kagame yagarutseho kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki ya 6 Gashyantare 2026, mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano yari iteraniye muri Kigali Convention Center, asaba ko imbogamizi zibangamiye ‘monetization’ zikurwaho byihuse.

Ni nyuma y’uko Bruce Melodie yari amaze kugaragaza ko abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga babangamiwe no kuba nta nyungu bakuramo.

Ati: “Turasaba ko Leta yadufasha ‘Monetization’ abantu babikora neza bakabasha gukorera amafaranga ku mbuga nkoranyambaga […] usanga abantu bazikoreraho amafaranga menshi mu bindi bihugu ugasanga ku Banyarwanda birasaba no gutira Ubwenegihugu kugira ngo nawe uyakorere kandi byakabaye bigabanya ubushomeri mu rubyiruko.”

‘Monetization’ ni iki, kandi kuki ari ingenzi?

Mu magambo yoroshye, ‘Monetization’ ni ubushobozi umunyabikorwa abona bwo kwinjiza amafaranga binyuze ku bikorwa bye byo kuri internet, cyane cyane binyuze mu kwamamaza (ads), abafatabuguzi (subscriptions), kureba amashusho (views), cyangwa imikoranire n’ibigo byamamaza.

Ku mbuga nka YouTube, Facebook (Meta), Instagram na TikTok, amafaranga ava ahanini ku bashoramari bishyura kugira ngo ubutumwa bwabo bugere ku bantu benshi. Icyo gihugu kigaragaza ko gifite isoko rihagije ry’abamamaza n’abareba, kigahabwa uburenganzira bwo kwinjiza amafaranga mu buryo bwuzuye.

Ni ho ikibazo cy’u Rwanda gishingiye.

Ni iki imbuga nkoranyambaga zisaba igihugu kugira ngo gihabwe ‘Monetization’?

Minisitiri w’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho na Inovasiyo, Paula Ingabire, kuri uyu wa Gatanu, yabwiye abari mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano, ko hari ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi imbuga nkoranyambaga zireba mbere yo gufungura ‘monetization’ mu gihugu runaka:

1. Isoko rihagije ry’abamamaza. Iki ni cyo cy’ingenzi kurusha ibindi.

Imbuga nka Meta (Facebook & Instagram) na Google (YouTube) zishingira cyane ku mafaranga atangwa n’abamamaza. Bikorwa neza mu gihugu gifite: Ibigo byinshi byiyemeza kwamamaza kuri internet, n’amafaranga ahoraho ashyirwa mu kwamamaza.

Mu Rwanda, Minisitiri Ingabire yagaragaje ko hakenewe byibura miliyoni 1$ kugeza kuri miliyoni 1.5$ z’ishoramari rituruka ku bamamaza kugira ngo igihugu gifungurirwe ‘monetization’ mu buryo bwuzuye.

2. Umubare w’abakoresha

Imbuga nkoranyambaga zireba: Umubare w’abakoresha internet, igihe bamara kuri ‘platform’, uko bitabira (likes, comments, shares, views)

Nubwo u Rwanda rufite internet iteye imbere ugereranyije n’akarere, umubare w’abakoresha internet n’igihe bamara kuri izo mbuga biracyari hasi ugereranyije n’ibihugu byahawe ‘monetization’ kare.

3. Amategeko n’umutekano 

Meta na Google bareba niba: Hari amategeko asobanutse agenga ikoranabuhanga, hari umutekano w’amakuru (data protection). Nta bibazo bikomeye by’ihohoterwa, amakuru y’ibinyoma n’ibibangamira abamamaza.

Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, iyi ngingo yo yarujujwe ku rwego rushimishije, ari na yo mpamvu hasigaye cyane ikibazo cy’ishoramari ry’abamamaza.

Minisitiri Paula ati “Ni ukubifata twese nk’umukoro ibigo byose bikumva ko imbuga nkoranyambaga nazo ari ahantu bakwamamariza kandi bikagirira akamaro abazikoresha, dukeneye gukora ubukangurambaga bwimbitse.”

Ni gute byagenze mu bindi bihugu?

Ibi bihugu byahawe ‘monetization’ hakiri kare nka Nigeria na Kenya kubera: Isoko rinini ry’abamamaza, ibigo bikomeye byigenga bishyira amafaranga menshi mu kwamamaza kuri ‘digital’, ndetse abakoresha benshi bafite smartphones na internet ihamye.

Ghana yahawe ‘monetization’ mu byiciro, nyuma y’uko Leta ifatanyije n’abikorera bashishikarije ibigo kwamamaza kuri Facebook na YouTube, aho kwamamaza gusa kuri Radiyo na televiziyo.

Afurika y’Epfo yo yafashwe nk’isoko rikomeye rya Afurika, kubera: Amafaranga menshi azenguruka mu kwamamaza, abahanzi n’abanyamakuru benshi bafite ababakurikira bo mu bindi bihugu.

Ibi byose bigaragaza ko monetization itangwa aho imbuga nkoranyambaga zibonamo inyungu, si ku bw’impuhwe, ahubwo ku bw’isoko.

Meta igendera kuki? Google igendera kuki?

Meta (Facebook & Instagram): yibanda cyane ku kwamamaza kw’imbere mu gihugu, uko ibigo byishyura ‘ads’, n’uko abakoresha bitabira ‘content’.

Google (YouTube): ireba cyane umubare w’abareba amashusho, igihe bayareba, n’amafaranga aturuka ku bamamaza bashaka kugera kuri iyo ‘audience’.

Niba ibigo byo mu gihugu bidashyira amafaranga menshi mu kwamamaza, izo ‘platform’ zibona ko gufungura ‘monetization’ byazigusha mu gihombo.

‘Monetization’ yageze mu gihugu ifasha iki abakoresha?

Abahanga mu ikoraabuhanga bavuga ko iyo ‘monetization’ ifunguwe: Abahanzi binjiza ku ndirimbo n’amashusho yabo. Abanyabugeni (content creators) bakabasha kwibeshaho. Urubyiruko rubona akazi gashya kadakeneye imigabane minini

Igihugu kikungukira mu misoro, ubukungu bushigiye ku ikoranabuhanga bugatera imbere. Ibi binagabanya ubushomeri, bikongera icyizere cy’urubyiruko, bigaha agaciro impano zo mu gihugu.

Inzira y’u Rwanda irimo iki?

Nk’uko Perezida Kagame yabigaragaje, ikibazo ntikiri mu biganiro na Meta cyangwa Google, ahubwo kiri mu guhindura imyumvire y’abashoramari bo mu gihugu, bakumva ko:

Imbuga nkoranyambaga atari ahantu ho gutangariza amakuru gusa, ahubwo ari isoko ry’ubucuruzi.

Iyo ibigo by’igihugu byiyemeje kwamamaza kuri izo mbuga, ‘monetization’ izaza nk’ingaruka y’ibikorwa, si nk’igitambo gisabwa.

Kugira ngo u Rwanda rubone ‘Monetization’, bisaba imbaraga zose, Leta, abikorera n’abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga, gushyira hamwe, bagakora isoko rishobora gukurura Meta na Google.

Iyo iyo ntego igezeho, imbuga nkoranyambaga ziva ku kuba ahantu ho kwigaragaza gusa, zigahinduka uruganda rw’amahirwe n’akazi ku Banyarwanda.

Kwifuza ‘monetization’ ntibihagije, igikenewe ni isoko rihamye ry’abamamaza rizafasha abahanzi n’abanyabugeni kwinjiza binyuze kuri Meta na Google

Mu Nama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano, Perezida Kagame yasabye ko imbogamizi zibangamiye ‘monetization’ zikemuka byihuse, nyuma y’uko Bruce Melodie agaragaje ko abahanzi babura uko binjiza ku mbuga nkoranyambaga

Bruce Melodie yumvikanishije ko iyo ‘monetization’ igeze mu gihugu, impano ihinduka umwuga, urubyiruko rukabona akazi kadakeneye kwimuka