Uyu ni umwe mu mico ya kera ikomeje kubahirizwa n'imiryango myinshi yo muri Madagascar, aho bafata abakurambere babo nk'abakiri mu bagize umuryango nubwo baba baritabye Imana.
Imvano ya Famadihana
Amateka agaragaza ko uyu muco watangiye kubahirizwa mu binyejana byinshi bishize, mbere y'uko ubukoloni n'amadini y'iburengerazuba bigera muri Madagascar. Wakomotse ku myemerere gakondo ivuga ko umuntu wapfuye adahita ava mu buzima bw'umuryango, ahubwo akomeza kuba umurinzi n'umuhuza hagati y'abazima n'Imana.
Abakurambere bafatwa nk'abafite uruhare mu gutanga umugisha, kurinda umuryango no kuwufasha mu bihe bikomeye. Ni yo mpamvu kubaha no kubazirikana bifatwa nk'inshingano ikomeye.
Famadihana iba ryari?
Uyu muhango ntuba buri mwaka. Akenshi uba buri myaka 5 kugeza kuri 7, bitewe n'icyemezo cy'umuryango n'ubushobozi bwawo.
Usanzwe uba mu gihe cy'izuba, hagati y'ukwezi kwa Nyakanga na Nzeri, kuko ari igihe ikirere kiba cyiza kandi imiryango myinshi iba ishobora guhurira hamwe.
Ni ibirori bikomeye bitegurwa amezi menshi mbere, kandi bishobora kumara umunsi umwe cyangwa irenga.
Uko umuhango uba uteye
Ku munsi wa Famadihana, abagize umuryango bateranira ku mva z'abakurambere babo. Bafungura imva, bakavanamo ibisigazwa by'abapfuye byari bipfunyitse mu myenda.
Nyuma babizingira mu myenda mishya yera (silk shrouds) nk'ikimenyetso cyo kubaha no kubaha icyubahiro.
Igikurikiraho ni cyo gitangaza benshi: abagize umuryango baterura ibisigazwa by'abakurambere babo bakabizengurukana babyina, baririmba indirimbo za gakondo, bacuranga umuziki ndetse bishimira kongera "kubonana" n'ababo bitabye Imana.
Hari n'abaganiriza abakurambere babo, bababwira amakuru mashya y'umuryango nk'ubukwe, abana bavutse, amasomo yarangiye cyangwa ibindi byagezweho kuva baheruka gukora uwo muhango.
Nyuma y'ibyo, ibisigazwa byongera gushyirwa mu mva neza, bifunzwe mu myenda mishya.
Uyu muco usobanura iki?
Nk’uko tubikesha urubuga rwa catalogue.bnf.fr, Famadihana si umuhango wo kubabaza cyangwa gutinya, ahubwo ni ibirori byo kwizihiza ubuzima bw'abakurambere.
Uyu muco usobanura ibintu byinshi birimo: Kubaha no guha icyubahiro abakurambere bagize uruhare mu kubaka umuryango, gushimangira ubumwe bw'umuryango, kuko bene wabo baturuka hirya no hino bateranira hamwe, kwizera ko abakurambere bakomeza kugira uruhare mu buzima bw'abazima, babarinda kandi bakabaha umugisha.
Gukomeza umurage n'umuco gakondo, ukava ku gisekuru kimwe kugera ku kindi.
Ese abantu bose muri Madagascar barawukurikiza?
Nubwo Famadihana ari umwe mu mico izwi cyane muri Madagascar, si Abanyamadagasikari bose bawukora. Ugaragara cyane cyane mu moko amwe nka AbaMerina n'AbaBetsileo, mu gihe abandi, cyane cyane abayoboke b'amadini amwe ya Gikristo, bahisemo kutawukurikiza kubera imyemerere yabo.
Nubwo ku bantu benshi bo hanze ya Madagascar kubyina ufite ibisigazwa by'abapfuye bishobora gusa n'ibidasanzwe cyangwa biteye ubwoba, ku bakurikiza umuco wa Famadihana ni uburyo bwo kugaragaza urukundo, icyubahiro no gukomeza isano hagati y'abazima n'abakurambere babo.
Ni umwe mu mico gakondo ikomeje kugaragaza uburyo ibihugu bya Afurika bifite amateka n'imigenzo itandukanye, ikaba ikomeza kubungabungwa kugeza n'ubu.