Mu minsi mike yari ibanjirije icyo gikorwa, undi mwarimu wo ku Rwunge rw’Amashuri rwa Butandi na we yakubiswe inkoni mu mutwe n’abanyeshuri.
Mbere yaho, muri Gicurasi 2026, abanyeshuri babiri bo mu Karere ka Ngoma na bo batawe muri yombi nyuma yo gukubita no gukomeretsa bikomeye umurezi wabo (animatrice).
Ibi byiyongera ku zindi nkuru zagiye zumvikana mu myaka itandukanye hirya no hino mu gihugu, zikaba zigaragaza urugomo n’amakimbirane hagati y’abanyeshuri n’abarimu.
Mu gihe ishuri risanzwe rifatwa nk’ahantu ho kwigira indangagaciro, kubahana no kubaka ejo hazaza h’abana, ibi bikorwa bikomeje kwibazwaho na benshi.
Ese ni ikimenyetso cy’ihinduka rikomeye mu myitwarire y’abanyeshuri no mu mibanire hagati yabo n’abarimu? Ni iki kiri gusunika bamwe mu banyeshuri kugera aho batinyuka abakwiye kubigisha no kubarera?
Mu Rwanda, raporo zitandukanye zigaragaza ko urubyiruko n’abanyeshuri bari mu byiciro bifite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n’ibibazo by’ihungabana n’ibindi bibazo byo mu mutwe. Ibi ahanini bifitanye isano n’ihohoterwa ryo mu miryango, ubukene n’igitutu cy’imibereho yo ku ishuri.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Rwanda n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Bana (UNICEF) ku buzima bwo mu mutwe bw’urubyiruko mu 2020 bwerekana ko hari icyuho gikomeye mu bujyanama n’ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe mu mashuri.
Ibi bituma bamwe mu banyeshuri batabona ubufasha hakiri kare igihe bagaragaje ibimenyetso byo guhangayika, ubwoba bukabije cyangwa agahinda gakabije.
Nanone, ubushakashatsi ku ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana n’urubyiruko (VACS), bwakozwe hagati ya 2015 na 2016, bugaragaza ko abana benshi mu Rwanda bahura n’ihohoterwa ryo ku mubiri, iryo ku marangamutima n’irishingiye ku mibonano mpuzabitsina. Iri hohoterwa ni imwe mu mpamvu zishobora gutera ihungabana n’imyitwarire idahwitse mu rubyiruko.
Izi raporo zose zerekana ko ikibazo cy’ihungabana mu rubyiruko n’abanyeshuri mu Rwanda kidaturuka gusa ku ishuri, ahubwo gishingiye no ku mibanire y’imiryango, ihohoterwa rikigaragara ndetse no kutita ku buzima bwo mu mutwe bw’abana, bikagira ingaruka ku myitwarire n’imikorere yabo mu mashuri.
Mu nkuru zabaye mu bihe bitandukanye mu Rwanda harimo iya Runaba mu Burera mu 2026, aho abanyeshuri barindwi bakekwaho gukubita abarimu batatu; iya Butandi na yo mu Burera, aho umwarimu yakubiswe inkoni mu mutwe n’abanyeshuri; n’iya Ngoma muri Gicurasi 2026, aho abanyeshuri babiri bakubise umurezi wabo bakamukomeretsa bikomeye.
Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byagiye bitangwa, hagaragara indi shusho itandukanye no kuba umunyeshuri yakubise umwarimu gusa, ahubwo hakibazwa impamvu yabikoze.
Iyo izi nkuru zihujwe n’izabaye mu bihe byashize, nka Nyarugenge mu 2014 aho umunyeshuri yakubise umwarimu mu ruhame, na Gakenke mu 2012 aho habaye imvururu z’abanyeshuri zajyanaga no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge mu ishuri, hagaragara ko rimwe na rimwe urugomo rudaturuka ku gikorwa kimwe gitunguranye gusa, ahubwo rujyana n’imyitwarire iba isanzwe igaragara kuri bamwe mu banyeshuri.
Mu mvugo z’abarezi n’abakurikiranira hafi imyitwarire y’abanyeshuri, usanga bavuga ko bamwe mu banyeshuri bagaragaza bene iyi myitwarire baba basanzwe bafite ibibazo by’imyitwarire no ku ishuri.
Aha ni ho havuka isesengura rivuga ko umwana ashobora kugira imyitwarire nk’iyi bitewe n’uburere yahawe cyangwa uburyo yakuriyemo, bigatuma atubaha ubuyobozi cyangwa ngo akemure amakimbirane mu buryo bwiza.
Ibyo bishimangirwa n’inkuru y’umunyeshuri w’umukobwa wigaga ku Ishuri Ribanza rya Sainte Famille mu Mujyi wa Kigali, wigeze gukubita umwarimu urushyi mu ruhame rw’abandi banyeshuri. Abarimu ndetse n’abanyeshuri babajijwe ku myitwarire yari isanzwe iranga uwo munyeshuri, bavuze ko yari asanzwe afite imyitwarire itari myiza.
Ariko nanone, nk’uko bigaragazwa na raporo zitandukanye, imyitwarire mibi mu banyeshuri cyangwa mu rubyiruko muri rusange si buri gihe ishingira ku burere bwo mu rugo gusa.
Hari n’ibimenyetso by’uko ibibazo byo mu mutwe n’ihungabana bishobora kugira uruhare mu gutuma umunyeshuri agira imyitwarire y’urugomo, cyane cyane iyo adafite ubufasha cyangwa ubujyanama buhagije mu ishuri.
Izi nkuru z’urugomo mu mashuri ntizigarukira ku banyeshuri n’abarimu gusa, ahubwo zigira ingaruka ku ireme ry’uburezi, iterambere ry’igihugu, umutekano n’imibereho y’ejo hazaza.
Umwe mu bana bo ku muhanda baganiriye n’umunyamakuru wa InyaRwanda yavuze ko yavuye mu ishuri nyuma yo kumva ko atagishoboye gukurikirana amasomo, bikarangira yirukanywe. Avuga ko yari afite ibibazo byo kwiga, guhora mu makimbirane n’abarimu no kubura ubufasha mu rugo no ku ishuri, bituma acika intege.
Yagize ati: "Nagerageje kwiga ariko byarananiye. Nirirwaga ngongana n’abarimu, nkabona abandi barimo kumva amasomo njye ntayumva neza. Nyuma banyirukanye ku ishuri kubera gushyamirana n’abarezi."
Uyu mwana avuga ko nyuma yo kuva mu ishuri yisanze mu buzima bwo ku muhanda, aho abona ubuzima bugoye kandi budafite icyerekezo.
Mu nkuru nk’iyi, hari n’abandi bana bavuga ko impamvu zituma bamwe bata ishuri zitandukanye, zirimo ubukene, kubura ibikoresho by’ishuri, ihohoterwa, ndetse no kutabona ubufasha igihe bahuye n’imbogamizi mu myigire.
Raporo zitandukanye za Minisiteri y’Uburezi (MINEDUC) n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (NISR) zigaragaza ko hakiri ikibazo cy’abana bata ishuri mu byiciro bitandukanye, cyane cyane mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye.
Iyo abana bataye ishuri hakiri kare, ntibabasha kurangiza imyigire n’uburere bubafasha mu buzima bwa buri munsi, bikabashyira mu byago byo kubura ubumenyi n’amahirwe y’akazi.
Impuguke mu mibereho y’urubyiruko zigaragaza ko bamwe mu bataye ishuri bashobora kwisanga mu buzima bugoye burimo ubukene, ubushomeri no gucika intege, ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kwishora mu byaha n’imyitwarire idahwitse.
Ni yo mpamvu isano iri hagati y’imyitwarire y’urugomo mu mashuri n’ingaruka zayo ku guta ishuri ifatwa nk’ikibazo cyagutse kigira ingaruka ku mutekano n’iterambere ry’igihugu muri rusange.
Izi nkuru zigaragaza ko hakenewe isuzuma n’ubushakashatsi burambuye ku kibazo cy’urugomo mu mashuri, kugira ngo hamenyekane neza intandaro zacyo n’ingamba zirambye zagifasha gukemuka.
Mu myumvire ya kera, nk’uko bikomeza kugarukwaho n’abasesenguzi mu Rwanda, kumva umwarimu yakubiswe n’uwo arera byafatwaga nk’amahano kandi bidashoboka.
Ariko muri iki gihe, ibi bikorwa bigenda bigaragara mu bihe bitandukanye, bikerekana ko hari impinduka zikomeye mu mibanire y’abanyeshuri n’abarezi zisaba gusuzumwa mu buryo bwimbitse.