Nk’uko byagarutsweho na
Samaila Zubairu, Perezida w’Ikigo Africa
Finance Corporation (AFC), ivangura rishingiye ku ishusho mbi ihabwa
Afurika niyo mpamvu ituma ibihugu byayo byishyuzwa inyungu zihanitse zidahuye
n’ukuri kw’imiterere y’ubukungu bwabyo.
Ati: “Ibipimo by’uko Afurika
yananirwa kwishyura byarakabirijwe. Ibyo bivuze ko Afurika iri kwishyura
ikiguzi cy’ivangura kingana na miliyari 75$ buri mwaka. Ni amafaranga menshi
cyane.”
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe
n’ikigo Moody’s Ratings mu 2024
bwerekanye ko amanota Afurika ihabwa ku buryo yishyura imyenda (default risk)
ahuye neza n’ay'ibihugu bifite urwego rungana, ariko ntibibuza abashoramari kutanga imyenda bayishyizeho inyungu zihanitse, zishingiye ku byago
bidafite ishingiro.
Ibi binagaragazwa na
Banki y’Isi, yerekana ko hagati ya 2010 na 2020, Afurika ari wo mugabane wa
kabiri wagize ibyago bike byo kunanirwa kwishyura inguzanyo z’ibikorwaremezo,
ariko amahugurwa y’imyenda yayo aracyatangwa ku nyungu iri hejuru cyane
ugereranyije n’indi migabane.
Mu nama mpuzamahanga
yabereye i Lagos muri Nigeria, Ndidi
Okonkwo Nwuneli, Perezida w’umuryango One Campaign, yavuze ko inyungu abashoramari bungukira ku
nguzanyo za Afurika iri hejuru cyane.
Ati: “Impapuro z’imyenda za
Afurika zigaragaza inyungu ya 9.8%, mu gihe iza Amerika y’Epfo zigaragaza 6.5%. Kandi
mu myaka 30 ishize, ishoramari mu bikorwaremezo bya Afurika ryatanze inyungu
inshuro 6 kurenza izigaragazwa n’Isoko ry’Imari rya Amerika (S&P 500). Ni
byo, hari ibyago, ariko hari n’inyungu yizewe.”
Afurika
irakataje mu gukora ibipimo byayo bwite
Kubera izi mpamvu,
haravugwa ubusabe bw’uko ibihugu bya Afurika byagira gahunda ihamye yo gutangaza imibare isobanutse y’ubukungu
n’imikorere y’ibikorwa by’ishoramari, kugira ngo amanota cyangwa ibyemezo
bishingiye ku bukungu bibe bifite ishingiro, aho gushingira ku marangamutima
cyangwa imyumvire ishingiye ku mateka y’ivangura.
Ibihugu byinshi bya
Afurika ndetse n’ibigo byayo byagiye bigaragaza ko bitizera uburyo amanota
y’ubukungu atangwa n’ibigo mpuzamahanga nka Fitch Ratings, Moody’s
na S&P Global Ratings,
bikomeje kugaragaza kutamenya neza imiterere y’ubukungu bwa Afurika no kudaha
agaciro ibimenyetso by’ukuri.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana
n’ibi bibazo, Umuryango wa Afurika
Yunze Ubumwe (AU) watangaje ko uri gutegura ishingwa ry’ikigo cyawo
kizajya gitanga amanota y’ubukungu, gishingiye ku bushishozi n’ukuri kugaragaza
iby’akarere. Biteganyijwe ko raporo ya
mbere y’icyo kigo izasohoka bitarenze impera za 2025 cyangwa intangiriro za
2026.