Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’abahanga mu mitekerereze n’imibanire y’abantu bugaragaza ko imyaka y’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi ari igihe gikomeye mu kubaka imibanire n’urungano, kandi bimwe mu bimenyetso by’iyo myaka bishobora gukomeza kugaragara nyuma yaho.
Ibi ni bimwe mu byagarutsweho n’ikinyamakuru BBC News, mu nkuru yacyo. Ni inkuru ishingiye ku gitekerezo cy’uko amashuri yisumbuye atari ahantu umuntu yigira amasomo gusa, ahubwo ari n’ahantu abana bato biga uko babana n’abandi, uko bakirwa mu matsinda atandukanye ndetse n’uko bibona n’uko biyumva ubwabo.
Igihe cy’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi, igihe gikomeye mu mibanire n’urungano
Mu gihe cy’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi, inshuti n’urungano bitangira kugira uruhare rukomeye mu buzima bw’umuntu. Umwana atangira kwibaza uko abandi bamubona, aho ahagaze mu itsinda runaka, abo yizera ndetse n’abo yumva bamukunda n’uko bamufata.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Joseph P. Allen na bagenzi be bo muri Kaminuza ya Virginia, bukurikirana urubyiruko kuva ku myaka 13 kugeza kuri 24, bwagaragaje ko ubuziranenge bw’ubucuti umuntu agirana n’urungano mu gihe cy’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi bushobora kuba ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’uko imibanire azagirana n’abandi amaze kuba mukuru izaba imeze.
Aba bashakashatsi basanze ubucuti bwiza mu gihe cy’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi bwarahuraga n’imibanire myiza y’abantu n’iy’abo bahira nyuma, imikorere myiza ku kazi ndetse n’ibimenyetso bike byo kwiheba.
Ibi ntibivuze ko ibyakubayeho ku ishuri bigena ubuzima bwawe bwose, ahubwo bigaragaza ko ubunararibonye bwo mu mibanire bwo muri iyo myaka bushobora kugira uruhare mu byo umuntu yubaka nyuma.
Kuba icyamamare ishuri bishobora kugira aho bihurira n’ubuzima bw’ahazaza
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwasesenguye amakuru y’urubyiruko kuva mu mashuri yisumbuye kugeza mu myaka yarwo y’ubukure, bwibanze ku kuba umuntu yari afite umwanya ukomeye mu mibanire y’urungano, cyangwa ari icyamamare.
Ubushakashatsi bwitwa “Most Likely to Succeed: Long-Run Returns to Adolescent Popularity” bwakoresheje amakuru y’igihe kirekire kugira ngo busuzume isano iri hagati yo gukundwa cyangwa kugira umwanya ukomeye mu mibanire y’abanyeshuri n’imibereho umuntu agira amaze kuba mukuru.
Abashakashatsi basanze hari isano ihoraho hagati y’umubare w’inshuti umuntu yagiraga mu mashuri yisumbuye n’amafaranga yinjizaga nyuma y’imyaka 15.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko buri nyongera y’inshuti umuntu yari afite mu mashuri yisumbuye kwahuzwaga n’inyongera ya hafi 1.4% ku musaruro we nyuma y’imyaka 15, nubwo abashakashatsi banagenzuye izindi mpamvu zishobora kubigiramo uruhare.
Abashakashatsi ariko bagaragaje ko “popularity” itagomba kumvikana gusa nk’icyubahiro cyangwa kuba umuntu ari icyamamare ku ishuri. Bashimangira ko ishobora no kuba ikimenyetso cy’ubushobozi bwo kubaka no gukomeza imibanire myiza n’abandi.
Kuba icyamamare ntibivuze ko buri gihe bivuga ko ibintu byose biguhira
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe na Joseph Allen na bagenzi be ku rubyiruko 185 rw’imyaka 13–14, bakomeza kurukurikirana mu gihe runaka, bwasanze kuba umuntu akunzwe mu rungano bishobora kugira impande ebyiri.
Ku ruhande rumwe, urubyiruko rwari ruzwi cyane rwerekanaga imikoranire myiza n’ababyeyi ndetse n’inshuti kandi rukagira ibimenyetso by’imikurire myiza mu mitekerereze. Ku rundi ruhande, kuba umuntu ashaka gukomeza kwemerwa n’urungano bishobora gutuma yisunga n’imyitwarire imwe n’imwe urungano rukunda, yaba myiza cyangwa mibi.
Ibi bituma abahanga batandukanya kuba umuntu akunzwe no kuba abantu bamwemera by’ukuri. Ubushakashatsi bunini bwasesenguye ubushakashatsi 135 bwakorewe ku bantu barenga 136,000 bwagaragaje ko popularity no kuba umuntu akundwa ari ibintu bifitanye isano ariko bitandukanye.
Ubucuti bwo muri iyo myaka bushobora kugira uruhare ku buzima bw’umuntu mukuru
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Allen na bagenzi be, bwakurikiranye abantu kuva ku myaka 13 kugeza kuri 24, bwagaragaje kandi ko uburyo umuntu yabanaga n’urungano mu bwangavu bushobora guhuza n’uko azitwara mu mibanire y’abantu bakuru.
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko urubyiruko rwagiraga ubucuti bukomeye kandi bufite ireme rwaje kugira amahirwe menshi yo kugira imibanire myiza n’abandi ndetse n’abo bakundanye nyuma.
Hari abantu bagaruka mu bitekerezo ku byo banyuzemo mu mashuri yisumbuye: inshuti bari bafite, uko babonwaga n’abandi, ibyo batsinze, ibyo batashoboye kugeraho, cyangwa ibihe bumvaga ko bahemukiwe.
Ibi bishobora kumvikana iyo turebye uruhare urungano rugira mu kubaka imyumvire y’umuntu ku giti cye. Mu bwangavu n’ubugimbi, umuntu aba atangiye kubaka igitekerezo cy’uwo ariwe yibaza ati: “Ndi muntu ki? Nshoboye iki? Abantu bambona bate?”
Ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko umuntu agomba gukomeza kuba uwo yari we ku ishuri. Umuntu ashobora guhinduka cyane nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri, akagira inshuti nshya, akagira ubundi bumenyi, akabona akazi, akinjira mu muryango mushya cyangwa agahindura uko yibona.
Ibyabaye ku ishuri si byo bigena ejo hazaza hawe
Ubu bushakashatsi rero butanga isomo rikomeye: imyaka y’amashuri yisumbuye ishobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho ya muntu, ariko ntabwo igena ubuzima bw’umuntu bwose.
Umuntu utari uzwi cyane cyangwa adakunzwe ku ishuri ashobora gukura akagira imibanire myiza n’abantu, akagira amahirwe mu mwuga mwiza ndetse akagira ubuzima bumunyuze. N’umuntu wari uzwi cyane, anakunzwe ashobora guhura n’ibibazo bitandukanye amaze gukura.
Igikomeye ni ibyo umuntu yunguka muri iyo myaka: ubushobozi bwo kubana neza n’abandi, kwigenga no kubasha guhangana n’igitutu cy’urungano, kumenya kwiyakira no kumenya kubaka ubucuti bufite ireme.