Mu rwego rwo gushaka igisubizo kirambye, umushinga umaze imyaka irenga 40 uvugwa wiswe Transaqua wongeye kugarukwaho. Uwo mushinga ufite agaciro ka miliyari 50 z'Amadolari ya Amerika ugamije kuzana amazi ava mu kibaya cy'Umugezi wa Congo akanyuzwa mu muyoboro ureshya na kilometero 2,400 akagezwa mu Kiyaga cya Chad kugira ngo cyongere kuzura.
Ikiyaga cyari isoko y'ubuzima ku baturage babarirwa muri miliyoni
Ikiyaga cya Chad giherereye hagati y'ibihugu bine ari byo Chad, Nigeria, Niger na Cameroon. Mu myaka ya za 1960 cyari gifite ubuso burenga kilometero kare 25,000, kikaba cyari mu biyaga binini cyane bya Afurika.
Ariko uko imyaka yagiye ishira, amazi yaragabanutse ku buryo bukabije. Kuri ubu, igice kinini cy'ahahoze mu mazi cyahindutse ubutaka cyangwa ibishanga, bituma uburobyi bugabanuka, amatungo abura amazi n'urwuri, ndetse n'ubuhinzi burahazaharira.
Abahanga bavuga ko gukama kw'iki kiyaga byazamuye ubukene, ibura ry'ibiribwa ndetse n'amakimbirane ashingiye ku guhatanira umutungo kamere muri aka karere.
Ni iki cyatumye Ikiyaga cya Chad gikama?
Nta mpamvu imwe rukumbi yatumye amazi y'iki kiyaga agabanuka. Abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko byatewe n'ibintu byinshi birimo: imihindagurikire y'ibihe yatumye imvura igabanuka mu bice byinshi bya Sahel, no kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'amazi mu kuhira imyaka no mu bindi bikorwa bya muntu.
Ikindi cyabiteye ni ubwiyongere bw'abaturage, bwatumye amazi akoreshwa cyane kurushaho, ndetse no kubakwa kw'ingomero n'indi mishinga ihindura imigendekere isanzwe y'amazi.
Transaqua ni umushinga umeze ute?
Inkuru dukesha ikinyamakuru Business Insider Africa ivuga ko, igitekerezo cya Transaqua cyatanzwe bwa mbere n'abahanga b'Abataliyani mu mpera z'imyaka ya 1970, nyuma gitunganywa mu myaka ya 1980.
Uyu mushinga uteganya gukusanya igice gito cy'amazi ava mu nzuzi zimwe zo mu kibaya cy'Umugezi wa Congo, akanyuzwa mu muyoboro munini ureshya na kilometero 2,400 mbere yo kwinjira mu Ruzi rwa Chari, ari na rwo rugaburira Ikiyaga cya Chad.
Abawushyigikiye bavuga ko ushobora: kongera amazi mu Kiyaga cya Chad, kubyutsa uburobyi bwari bwarazahaye, guteza imbere ubuhinzi bwuhirwa, guteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi, gufasha mu kubyaza amazi amashanyarazi, no guteza imbere ubucuruzi hagati y'ibihugu byo muri Afurika yo Hagati n'iyo mu Burengerazuba.
Nubwo uyu mushinga uvugwa nk'ushobora guhindura ubuzima bw'akarere kose, kugeza ubu uracyari ku rwego rw'ibitekerezo n'inyigo.
Impamvu nyamukuru ni: igiciro kinini cya miliyari 50 z'Amadolari gisabwa ngo uyu mushinga ujye mu bikorwa, ndetse no kutumvikana hagati y'ibihugu birebwa n'uyu mushinga.
Ikindi ni impungenge ku ngaruka ushobora kugira ku kibaya cy'Umugezi wa Congo, ndetse n’ibibazo bya politiki n'umutekano mu bice bimwe uyu muyoboro wagombaga kunyuramo.
Hari abavuga ko ushobora guteza ibindi bibazo
Nubwo abaturage benshi bo mu gace k'Ikibaya cya Chad bawubonamo icyizere, hari impuguke ziburira ko guhindura imigendere y'amazi y'Umugezi wa Congo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bidukikije.
Bavuga ko bishobora guhindura urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima, kugira ingaruka ku burobyi no ku mashyamba yo mu Kibaya cya Congo, ndetse bikagira n'ingaruka ku mvura n'ikirere muri Afurika yo Hagati.
Hari n'abemeza ko mbere yo gutekereza umushinga munini nk'uyu, hakwiye kubanza gushorwa imari mu micungire myiza y'amazi, kubungabunga ibidukikije no gukoresha neza umutungo usanzwe uhari.
Ese Ikiyaga cya Chad kizongera kuba nk'uko cyahoze?
Nubwo hari icyizere ko Transaqua ishobora gufasha mu kongera amazi mu Kiyaga cya Chad, impuguke zivuga ko bizasaba ubushakashatsi bwimbitse, ubufatanye bw'ibihugu byinshi ndetse n'igenamigambi rirengera ibidukikije.
Mu gihe abaturage miliyoni nyinshi bakomeje kwishingikiriza kuri iki kiyaga kugira ngo babeho, ikibazo gikomeje kwibazwa ni kimwe: Ese Afurika izashobora gushyira mu bikorwa umwe mu mishinga minini y'amazi ku isi, cyangwa Ikiyaga cya Chad kizakomeza gukama?