Iyi raporo ishimangira ko
hari ibihugu byari byarashyizwe mu cyiciro cy’ahari ikibazo gikomeye cy’inzara
(hotspots) byakuwe kuri uru rutonde, nyuma y’aho bigaragaje impinduka nziza
ziturutse ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere.
Ibyo bihugu birimo
Ethiopia na Kenya byo mu Burasirazuba bwa Afurika, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique,
Namibia, Zambia na Zimbabwe byo mu Majyepfo ya Afurika, ndetse na Niger yo mu
Burengerazuba bwa Afurika.
Mu gihugu cya Ethiopia,
imibereho yarushijeho kuba myiza ugereranyije n’imyaka ya 2020–2023, aho cyari
cyibasiwe n’inzara n’inkurikizi z’intambara yo mu gace ka Tigray.
Nubwo hari intambwe yatewe, iyi raporo igaragaza ko bimeze neza ariko hakiri
impungenge. Imvura yo mu gihe cy’ihinga cya Belg yo mu 2025 yaguye mu buryo budahwanye mu gihugu hose, aho
uturere tumwe twabonye imvura ihagije, ariko ahandi nko mu burasirazuba bwa
Amhara, mu Ntara ya Afar no mu majyaruguru y’Intara ya Somalia, hagaragaye
imvura nke. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Nubwo hari icyizere gito cy’umusaruro w’igihembwe gishya, haracyari ikibazo
cy’ibura ry’ibiribwa ku masoko ndetse n’ibiciro biri hejuru bikabangamira
ubushobozi bw’imiryango kubona ibiribwa bihagije.
Mu gihugu cya Malawi,
ikibazo gikomeye cy’inzara kiracyariho, kikaba giterwa n’igabanuka rikomeye
ry’umusaruro w’ibigori ryabaye mu 2024, ryaturutse ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere
izwi nka El Niño, ndetse no
kugabanuka kw’agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu. Nubwo isarura ryo muri 2025
rishobora kuzana igabanuka rito ku biciro, hari impungenge ko ibiciro
bizakomeza kuba hejuru kandi ikibazo cy’inzara ntikizacika vuba. Hagati y'Ukwakira 2024 na Werurwe 2025, abantu miliyoni 5.7 bangana na 28% by’abaturage
ba Malawi babayeho mu buzima burimo inzara ikabije.
Mu Mozambique, ikibazo
cy’inzara gikomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye cyane cyane mu Ntara ya Cabo
Delgado, aho ibikorwa by’inyeshyamba bikomeje gutera umutekano muke, bigatuma
abaturage batabona uko bahinga cyangwa ngo borore neza. Ibi bikorwa by’ubugizi
bwa nabi binabangamira ubuhahirane, bikaba impamvu y’uko ibiribwa bidashobora
kugera ku babikeneye ku gihe, bityo inzara ikarushaho gukara. Nubwo Mozambique
yakuwe ku rutonde rw’ibihugu biri mu kaga gakabije, iyi raporo yerekana ko
ikibazo cy’inzara kigihari kandi gishobora gukomeza.
Iyi raporo ntiyagaragaje
ko hari izindi mpungenge ku bindi bihugu byavanywe mu cyiciro cy’ahari
ikibazo gikabije cy’inzara, ariko iraburira ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere
n’ibindi bibazo nk’iby’ubukungu bishobora gusubiza inyuma intambwe zimaze
guterwa.
Ni mu gihe kandi iyi
raporo yerekana ko mu bihugu nka Sudani, Palestine, Sudani y’Epfo, Haiti na
Mali, abaturage bahanganye n’inzara y’indengakamere cyangwa bari hafi
kugera kuri urwo rwego. Ibi bituruka ku ntambara zitarangira, ihungabana ry’ubukungu ndetse
n’ibiza bitunguranye, bituma ibi bihugu biba ku isonga mu bifite ikibazo
gikomeye cyane cy’umutekano muke w’ibiribwa ku Isi.
Icyakora, nubwo hari
ibihugu byateye intambwe ishimishije, iyi raporo irasaba ko ubufatanye
bw’ibihugu, imiryango mpuzamahanga n’abafatanyabikorwa bukomeza kugira ngo ibyo
byiza byagezweho bidatakara, kandi hashyirweho ingamba zihamye zo gukomeza
kurwanya inzara mu buryo burambye.
