Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ibi bishobora kuba intambwe ikomeye mu buvuzi bwa kanseri, cyane cyane mu gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvura bushingiye ku miterere y’indwara ya buri murwayi.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bantu bakuru 1.137 bari barabazwe bagakurwamo ibibyimba bya melanoma. Bose bahawe Keytruda, umuti ufasha ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kumenya no kurwanya uturemangingo twa kanseri.
Muri bo, hafi bibiri bya gatatu byahawe urukingo rwari rugikorerwa ubushakashatsi, mu gihe abandi bahawe umuti usa na rwo ariko udafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura, uzwi nka placebo.
Uru rukingo rwiswe Intismeran rukoresha ikoranabuhanga rya mRNA, nk'iryakoreshejwe mu gukora zimwe mu nkingo za COVID-19. Rutegurwa hashingiwe ku makuru akurwa mu kibyimba cya buri murwayi, kugira ngo rutoze ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri kumenya no kurwanya uturemangingo twa kanseri turamutse twongeye kugaruka.
Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri, abahawe uru rukingo bafatanyije na Keytruda bagize ibyago biri hasi ku kigero cya 42% byo kongera kurwara kanseri cyangwa gupfa, ugereranyije n’abahawe Keytruda yonyine. Ubu buryo kandi bwagabanyije ku kigero cya 38% ibyago byo kuba kanseri yakwirakwira mu bindi bice by’umubiri.
Abakora iyi miti, MSD na Moderna, batangaje ko ubu buryo buri no kugeragezwa ku zindi kanseri zirimo iz’impyiko, uruhago n’ibihaha.
Umurwayi amaze imyaka itatu adafite kanseri
Tony Chapman, w’imyaka 75, ukomoka muri Corby mu Bwongereza, ni umwe mu barwayi bitabiriye ubu bushakashatsi.
Yabazwe kanseri yari iri mu gituza, ariko nyuma aza kubona ikibyimba munsi y’ukuboko. Abaganga bamubwiye ko kanseri yari yagarutse, bityo akenera kongera kubagwa.
Yemeye kwitabira ubu bushakashatsi, ariko kugeza ubu ntazi niba yarahawe urukingo rushya cyangwa umuti wa placebo, kuko abitabiriye bose batamenyeshejwe ubwoko bw’umuti bahawe.
Tony yagize ati: “Nabonaga ko ari uburyo bwiza bwo guteza imbere siyansi, nanjye ubwanjye nkaba nabukuramo inyungu. None se ni iki nari gutakaza?”
Nyuma y’imyaka itatu, Tony akomeje gukurikiranwa n’abaganga buri mezi atandatu, kandi kugeza ubu nta kanseri afite.
Porofeseri Pippa Corrie, inzobere mu buvuzi bwa kanseri wagize uruhare mu gukurikirana ubu bushakashatsi mu bitaro bya Addenbrooke’s biri i Cambridge, yavuze ko gutegura imiti ihariye kuri buri murwayi ari intambwe ikomeye mu buvuzi.
Yagize ati: “Gukora umuti ujyanye n’umurwayi ku giti cye ni indi ntambwe ikomeye. Birashimishije cyane kandi ni ikoranabuhanga rifite ubushobozi budasanzwe.”
Yakomeje agira ati: “Ikibazo ni ukumenya urugero dushobora kugaragarizamo neza akamaro kabwo. Ubu bushakashatsi ni bwo bwa mbere bwatanze ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko ubu buryo bushobora gukora.”
Haracyakenewe ubushakashatsi bw’igihe kirekire
Nubwo ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bitanga icyizere, inzobere mu buvuzi bwa kanseri zivuga ko hakenewe gukomeza gukurikirana abarwayi kugira ngo hamenyekane niba uru rukingo ruzatuma benshi baramba.
Porofeseri Alan Melcher wo mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi kuri Kanseri i Londres, utaragize uruhare muri ubu bushakashatsi, yavuze ko ibyavuye muri bwo bishimishije cyane.
Yagize ati: “Ni intambwe ikomeye igaragaza ko ubu buryo bushobora kugira akamaro, ariko ntidukwiye gufata imyanzuro irenze ibimenyetso dufite.”
Yakomeje agira ati: “Ntidushobora gufata ubushakashatsi bumwe bwakorewe kuri kanseri ya melanoma ngo duhite twemeza ko ubu buryo buzakora kuri kanseri zose. Hakenewe gukomeza gukurikirana abarwayi igihe kirekire kugira ngo hamenyekane ingaruka zabwo ku gihe abarwayi bamara babayeho.”
Abakora iyi miti batangaje ko batangiye kuganira n’inzego zishinzwe kugenzura imiti, mu rwego rwo kureba niba uru rukingo rwakwemererwa gukoreshwa mu buvuzi mu gihe kiri imbere.
Icyakora, kurugeza ku barwayi benshi, harimo no mu Buvuzi rusange bw’Ubwongereza buzwi nka NHS, bizaterwa n’ibindi birimo igiciro. Buri murwayi azakenera gusesengurirwa uturemangingo tw’ikibyimba cye kugira ngo hakorwe urukingo rumubereye.
Ibisubizo birambuye by’ubu bushakashatsi byari biteganyijwe gushyikirizwa inama mpuzamahanga y’inzobere mu kanseri ya ESMO yabereye i Madrid ku wa Gatandatu. Icyo gihe, ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi ntibyari byasohoka mu kinyamakuru cy’ubuvuzi gisuzumwa n’abandi bashakashatsi bigenga.
Nubwo uru rukingo rutanga icyizere, haracyakenewe ibindi bimenyetso bya siyansi bizagaragaza neza umutekano warwo, akamaro karwo mu gihe kirekire n’ubushobozi bwo kongera igihe abarwayi bamara babayeho