Hari abitwaza ko bafite ‘Tattoo’! Ese hari umuntu utemerewe gutanga amaraso mu Rwanda?

Umuyobozi w’ishami ryo gutanga amaraso mu Kigo cy’ igihugu gishinzwe kwita ku buzima, Rwanda Biomedical center (RBC), Dr. Muyombo Thomas, mu kiganiro aherutse kugirana n’itangazamakuru ubwo hasozwaga gahunda ya MTN Rwanda ya ‘Y’ello Care,’ yasobanuye ko hari abantu batemerewe gutanga amaraso bitewe n’imyaka, uburwayi, cyangwa ibihe runaka barimo.

Abajijwe niba hari umuntu utemerewe gutanga amaraso, yagize ati: “Yego. Umuntu ukiri muto, utarageza imyaka yo gufata icyemezo, umurwayi urwaye indwara iyo ariyo yose [iyo urwaye muri icyo gihe urwaye ntabwo wemererwa gutanga amaraso, ariko hari n’abatabyemererwa burundu, nk’abarwara indwara zidakira]. Mu ndwara zidakira harimo izandura n’izitandura.”

Abarwaye izi ndwara zirimo SIDA, Mburugu, umutima, umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa mukeya w’amaraso, impyiko, Diyabete, indwara y’ibisazi, igicuri, Asthma, umwijima wo mu bwoko bwa B, C n’ubundi bwoko bwose bw’indwara y’umwijima ntibemerewe gutanga amaraso."

Dr Muyombo abikomozaho yagize ati: “Hari indwara nyinshi, iyo umuntu arwaye tureba ubuzima bwe. Izo ndwara mvuze zitandura, ntabwo zandurira mu maraso. Ariko uzirwaye, ubuzima bwe ntabwo buba buhagaze neza. Ntabwo tumwemerera gutanga, kuko ntabwo dushaka gufata ayo maraso ngo tujye kongera kuyamuterera mu bitaro yaje yarembye.”

Mu bandi batemerewe gutanga amaraso, harimo abagore batwite kugeza igihe abana babo bagejeje igihe kirenze umwaka, ndetse n’abakobwa cyangwa abagore bari mu mihango.

Ku bijyanye n’abibaza niba umuntu wishushanyije ku mubiri ibizwi nka ‘tatouages’ [Tattoo] ashobora gutanga amaraso, Dr Muyombo yasobanuye ko hari igihe runaka kigera uyu muntu nawe akemererwa gutanga amaraso nk'abandi.

Ati: “Buriya umuntu ufite ‘tatouage’ ayimaranye igihe kirengeje amezi atandatu, yemererwa gutanga amaraso. Umuntu wishyirishijeho ‘tatouage’ muri icyo gihe cy’amezi atandatu aba atemerewe gutanga amaraso, ubwo ‘tatouage’ nanayifatira mu cyiciro kimwe no kwikuza iryinyo, cyangwa igisebe, ikintu cyose kigaragaza umubiri w’imbere y’uruhu […]

Buriya ‘tatouage’ bakoresha udushinge barimo bayishushanya, kandi ni igikorwa gikomeretsa uruhu. Rero umuntu uri gushyirwaho ‘tatouage’ aba afite ibyago byo kuba ashobora kwanduriramo indwara ziterwa wenda n’izo bacteria, n’umwanda,… icyo gihe bivuze ko aba atemerewe gutanga, kugeza igihe umubiri we, twa dukoko ubashije kuba wadukura mu maraso.”

Yakomeje asobanura ko kimwe n’uwikuje iryinyo, haba hari microbe ziba ziri mu kanwa zishobora no kugera mu maraso zigateza ibibazo. Ati: “Iyo wikuje iryinyo, ni igisebe kiba gihari gishobora kwinjiramo utwo dukoko duhita tujya no mu maraso. Hanyuma wowe wenda ntibinagutere ikibazo, ariko wa muntu uri mu bitaro ubwirinzi bwe bw’umubiri bukaba bwangiritse.”

Ati: “Mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko abo bantu (bakeneye amaraso kwa muganga) tubateza ibibazo, ntabwo amabwiriza yemera ko umuntu wikuje iryinyo, uwishyirishijeho ‘tatoo,’ ufite igisebe,.. atanga amaraso.”

Yagaragaje ko igikorwa cyo gutanga amaraso gihagaze neza kugeza uyu munsi, aboneraho gushimira Abanyarwanda ndetse n’abanyamahanga baba mu Rwanda batanga amaraso. Yatangaje ko 99.7% birenga by’amaraso basabwa kwa muganga bayatanga.

Dr Muyombo yavuze ko kugeza ubu mu Rwanda, abantu batanga amaraso ku bwinshi, ku kigero kiri hejuru ya 60% ari abari munsi y’imyaka 35. Ni mu gihe kandi abitabira iyi gahunda yo gutanga amaraso ari abagabo kuko badatwita cyangwa ngo bajye mu mihango.

Ubusanzwe abahanga mu buvuzi bagaragaza ko umuntu atanga amaraso rimwe mu minsi 56 (ibyumweru umunani), kugira ngo umubiri wongere gukora andi.

Amaraso agira ibice bitatu, udufashi dufasha mu gutsinisha vuba amaraso mu gihe umuntu yakomeretse, insoro zitukura zifasha mu gukwirakwiza umwuka mwiza (oxygène) mu mubiri akuwe mu bihaha, no gukuramo umwuka wanduye, n’insoro zera zifasha mu kurinda umubiri kugira za ‘infections’, bacteries n’ibindi bishobora kwinjirira umubiri. Zifatwa nk’igice cy’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.

Habamo kandi n’umushongi udakunda gukoreshwa cyane, icyakora ukaba ufite akamaro mu kuramira abantu batakaje amazi menshi nk’abahiye, abarwaye kanseri n’ibindi.

Hari ubwo umuntu yifuza gutanga kimwe muri ibyo gice ubundi ibindi bakabisubiza mu mubiri we ibizwi nka ‘aphérèse’.

Bene abo ariko batanga udufashi bashobora gutanga amaraso nka kabiri mu kwezi, inshuro 24 mu mwaka. Impamvu ni uko udufashi n’umushongi bisimburwa vuba mu mubiri nyuma yo gutanga amaraso kurusha uko bimera ku nsoro zitukura.

Umushongi wongera kwisubiza mu masaha ari hagati ya 24 na 48 nyuma yo gutanga amaraso na cyane ko 90% byawo ari amazi. Udufashi two twisubiza mu minsi iri hagati y’itatu n’itanu mu gihe, insoro zitukura zo ari ibyumweru bigera ku munani.

Ibi bivuze ko nubwo ari byiza guhitamo amaraso utanga bya buri gihe, iyo wiyemeje gutanga ibigize amaraso yose bigusaba gutegereza iminsi 56 umaze gutanga kugira ngo utange andi.

‘Aphérèse’ ifasha abaganga gukusanya amaraso akenerwa cyane muri ako gace.

Ushaka gutanga amaraso muri ubwo buryo, asabwa kuba afite ubuzima bwiza, atijandika mu bikorwa byatuma agira ibibazo byatuma amaraso ye yandura.

Utanga amaraso agomba kuba afite imyaka kuva kuri 18 kugeza kuri 60 afite ibilo bitari munsi ya 50.

Nubwo harebwa ibintu byinshi, utanga amaraso hifashishijwe aphérèse abanza gupimwa hagamijwe kureba ko yujuje ibisabwa.

Harebwa ko afite ‘hémoglobine’ (igice kigize insoro zera gikura umwuka mwiza mu bihaha kikawusakaza mu mubiri wose), zingana na garama 12,5 kuri desilitiro. Bivuze ko umuntu aba agomba kuba afite insoro zitukura zihagije kugira ngo abone izo atanga.

Gahunda yo gutanga amaraso ni imwe mu ziramira abarembye ku Isi kuko byibuze udusashe miliyoni 85 tw’insoro zitukura dutangwa buri mwaka. Ni na ko ibindi bigize amaraso nk’insoro zera, udufashi, umushongi na byo byifashishwa mu gutabara indembe kwa muganga.

Imibare ya OMS igaragaza ko buri mwaka byibuze hatangwa amaraso inshuro zirenga miliyoni 118.5.

Ni gahunda u Rwanda rwatangije mu mu 1976 nyuma y’uko OMS isabye ibihugu byose bigomba kugira ishami ryo gutanga amaraso. Mu 2011 ni bwo ibikorwa byo gutanga amaraso byagizwe ishami mu yandi mashami agize Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kwita ku Buzima, RBC. Byemejwe mu itegeko nimero 54/2010 ryo ku wa 25 Mutarama 2011.

Umuyobozi w’ishami ryo gutanga amaraso muri RBC, Dr Muyombo Thomas yasobanuye impamvu hari abantu batemerewe gutanga amaraso n'igihe hari abashobora kongera kubyemererwa

Mu Rwanda imibare igaragaza ko abantu bitabira gutanga amaraso cyane ari urubyiruko n'abagabo

Gutanga amaraso ni ukwiteganyiriza cyangwa ukaba uteganyirije uwawe