Kugira
ngo usobanukirwe n’ubu bushakashatsi, reka duhere igihe Abamishi bimukaga
bavuye mu Burayi bwo hagati bajya muri Amerika y’Amajyaruguru mu kinyejana cya
18.
Abamishi
bazwiho kugira umuco n’imibereho idasanzwe. Uyu munsi, baracyagendera ku
bikorwa bya kera nko korora inka zitanga amata ndetse no gukora ingendo
bifashishije amafarashi, nk’uko ababyeyi babo n’abakurambere babo babigenzaga
mu gihe cy’ibinyejana byinshi bishize.
Abamishi bamaze imyaka myinshi batera amatsiko abanditsi b’amafilime ya Hollywood, abategura ibiganiro bya filime ndangamurage ndetse n’abashakashatsi mu mibanire y’abantu.
Ariko mu myaka 10 ishize, uburyo bwabo bwo kubaho bwatangiye no
gukurura cyane ubushakashatsi bw’isi y’ubuvuzi, kuko basa n’abanyuranya n’imwe
mu myitwarire n’imiterere y’abandi bantu.
Mu
gihe indwara zifitanye isano n’ubudahangarwa zigaragara kuva umuntu akiri
umwana, nko guhumeka nabi (asthma), uduheri tw’uruhu (eczema) ndetse n’ubwandu
bukomoka ku biribwa cyangwa ibindi (allergies), byiyongereye cyane kuva mu
myaka ya 1960 gusa ibyo ntibigaragara ku Bamishi.
Mu rwego rwo kugerageza gusobanukirwa impamvu Abamishi bagira ubwandu buke bw’indwara zimwe na zimwe zifitanye isano n’ubudahangarwa, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi mu mwaka wa 2012 ryamaze igihe mu muryango w’Abamishi wo muri leta ya Indiana, ndetse no mu wundi muryango w’abahinzi uzwi ku izina rya Hutterites, muri South Dakota.
Mu mpande zombi, bafashe amaraso y’abana 30, bayakoraho
ubushakashatsi neza kugira ngo basuzume byimbitse imikorere y’ubudahangarwa
bwabo.
Hari
byinshi aya matsinda yombi ahuriyeho. Abamishi n’Abahutterite bose babaho batunzwe
n’umusaruro w’ubutaka, bafite inkomoko y’Abanyaburayi, aho batuye ntibahura n’ibyuka
bihumanya ikirere, kandi bakurikiza imirire idakungahaye ku biribwa
byatunganyirijwe mu nganda.
N’ubwo
bimeze gutyo, indwara za asthma n’indwara zo mu buto zijyanye n’uburwayi
bw’uruhu cyangwa ubundi bwibasira abana, bigaragara ku kigero kiri hagati
y’inshuro enye n’esheshatu ugereranyije n’Abamishi.
Itandukaniro
rimwe riri hagati y’aya matsinda yombi ni uko mu gihe Abahutterite bakoresha
cyane ikoranabuhanga ry’ubuhinzi bugezweho rishingiye ku nganda, Abamishi bo
ntibabikora, bituma kuva bakiri bato babaho bari hafi cyane y’amatungo ndetse n’utundi
dukoko dukururwa n’ayo matungo.
Iyo
urebye Abamishi ukanagereranya n’aba hutterite, usanga Abamishi babana mu mashyamba
n’amatungo, mu gihe Abahutterite bo batuye mu midugudu mito, ubuhinzi bukaba
bushobora kuba buri n’ibirometero bike uvuye aho batuye, nk’uko byemezwa na
Fergus Shanahan, umwarimu mukuru muri kaminuza akaba inararibonye mu buvuzi
muri University College Cork, Irlande.
Ibyago
by’umwana byo kugira indwara z’uburwayi bw’uruhu cyangwa izindi allergies
hagati y’imyaka irindwi n’icyenda bigaragara ko bigabanuka bitewe n’umubare
w’amatungo mato cyangwa izindi nyamanswa zyo mu rugo zari zihari mu myaka ye ya
mbere y’ubuzima, ibintu bise “ingaruka za mini-farm”.
Mu
mwaka wa 2016, itsinda ry’abashakashatsi bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika
n’u Budage ryasohoye ubushakashatsi buvuga ko abana b’Abamishi bafite ibyago
bike byo kugira allergies bitewe n’ukuntu aho babaye hifitemo uburyo bugena
imikorere y’ubudahangarwa bwabo.
By’umwihariko,
abashakashatsi basanze abana b’Abamishi bafite uturemangingo twitwa regulatory
T cells dukora neza kurusha utwabaturutse mu muryango w’Abahutterite. Utu
turemangingo dutuma ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bukorana imbaraga nyinshi.
Igihe
abashakashatsi basuzumaga ivumbi ryakusanyijwe mu ngo z’abana b’Abamishi
n’Abahutterite kugira ngo barebe niba ririmo ibimenyetso by’ubwandu bw’udukoko,
basanze ibimenyetso bigaragara by’uko abana b’Abamishi bahuraga n’udukoko
twinshi cyane, bikaba bishoboka ko byaturukaga ku matungo babanaga nayo hafi.
Hirya
no hino ku isi, abandi bashakashatsi nabo bagiye basanga ibisubizo bisa n’ibi.
Itsinda ry’abahanga mu by’ubudahangarwa ryatangaje ko abana bakurira mu misozi
ya Alpes, aho inka zibana n’abazitunze, basa n’abarindwa indwara nka asthma,
ndetse na eczema.
Ubundi
bushakashatsi nabwo bwasanze ibyago by’umwana byo kugira allergies hagati
y’imyaka irindwi n’icyenda bigabanuka bihuye n’umubare w’amatungo mato cyangwa
inyamaswa zo mu rugo zari mu rugo mu myaka ye ya mbere y’ubuzima bwe.
Jack
Gilbert, umwarimu muri University of California San Diego, wanagize uruhare mu
bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku Bamishi, ndetse akaba n’umwe mu bashinze American
Gut Project, avuga ko “Si umuti rusange uvura byose, kuko buri gihe nkora ikiganiro
kuri ibi, hari umuntu uvuga ati: ‘Jyewe nakuriye ku mashyamba ariko mfite
allergies’, ariko turabizi ko iyo ukuriye mu mikoranire y’ako kanya n’amatungo yo
mu mashyamba uba ugabanyije hafi 50% y’amahirwe yo kuzahura n’indwara ya asthma
cyangwa allergies,”
Akomeza
ashimangira ko “N’iyo wakurira ahantu hari imbwa mu rugo, uba ugabanyije hagati
ya 13-14% by’ibyago byo kugira allergies.”
Ubushakashatsi
bushya bwashyizwe ahagaragara mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2025, bwasanze kugira imbwa
mu rugo bishobora gufasha kurinda bamwe mu bana bafite ubudasa mu miterere
y’uturemangingo (genetic predisposition) ituma bashobora gufatwa na eczema.
Uretse
imbwa, n’izindi nyamanswa zo mu rugo zibana n’abantu nazo zigira uruhare runini
mu gukomeza ubudahangarwa bw’umwana ndetse akaba yabukurana n’ubwo basobanura
ko bitaba umuti uhamye kandi w’igihe kirekire.
