Mu myaka irenga icumi ishize, Leta ya Estonia yafashe icyemezo cyo guhindura uburyo yigishaga abana. Aho gutegereza ko bagera mu mashuri makuru ngo bige ikoranabuhanga, igihugu cyatangiye kubamenyereza coding bakiri bato cyane.
Iyi gahunda yatangijwe binyuze mu mushinga witwa ProgeTiger, watangiye mu 2012 ugamije kwigisha abana programming, robotics n’ubundi bumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga kuva mu mashuri y’incuke kugeza mu yisumbuye.
Abana bato ntibatangira bandika porogaramu zigoye ahubwo bigishwa gukemura ibibazo, gutekereza mu buryo bwa “algorithm” no gukoresha imikino, robots n’ibikoresho bibafasha gusobanukirwa uko mudasobwa zitekereza.
Abashinzwe uburezi muri Estonia bavuga ko intego yabo atari ukugira buri mwana programmer, ahubwo ari ukubafasha gukura bafite ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo no kumva isi y’ikoranabuhanga igenda ihinduka.
Uyu mwanzuro watanze umusaruro ukomeye. Uyu munsi, Estonia ni kimwe mu bihugu bifite serivisi nyinshi zikorera kuri internet. Abaturage bashobora gutora, gufungura ubucuruzi, gusaba ibyangombwa no kubona serivisi nyinshi za Leta hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.
Iki gihugu kandi cyabyaye ibigo bikomeye by’ikoranabuhanga birimo Skype, kimwe mu byahinduye uburyo abantu bavugana ku Isi.
Abahanga bavuga ko gutangira kwigisha coding hakiri kare byafashije abana kutabona mudasobwa nk’ibikoresho byo gukinaho gusa, ahubwo bakazifata nk’ibikoresho byo guhanga udushya no gukemura ibibazo.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza kandi ko kwiga coding bifasha abana guteza imbere gutekereza mu buryo bwimbitse, gukorana n’abandi no gukemura ibibazo, nubwo nyuma batazahitamo gukora mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga.
Uyu munsi, ibihugu byinshi birimo Finland, Singapore, u Bwongereza ndetse n’Australia bikomeje kuvugurura integanyanyigisho zabyo, byongera amasomo y’ikoranabuhanga hakiri kare, bikurikiza urugero rwa Estonia.
Inkuru ya Estonia igaragaza ko gutegura ejo hazaza h’abana bidatangirira muri kaminuza, ahubwo bishobora gutangirira mu ishuri ry’incuke. Mu kwigisha coding kuva ku myaka itanu, iki gihugu cyubatse igisekuru gifite ubushobozi bwo kubaho no guhanga udushya mu isi igenda irushaho kwishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga.
Source:OECD – Education Policy Outlook: Estonia.