Raporo y’Iterambere ry’Abantu ku Isi ya 2025 yashyizwe ahagaragara n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Iterambere (UNDP) igaragaza ko AI ishobora guhindura uburyo abantu bakora ndetse n’imiterere y’isoko ry’umurimo.
Icyakora, iyo raporo isaba ibihugu gutegura abaturage babyo kugira ngo bazabashe kugendana n’iri koranabuhanga riri gutera imbere ku muvuduko mwinshi.
Mu Rwanda, igihugu kimaze imyaka myinshi gishyira imbere ubukungu bushingiye ku bumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, AI yatangiye kwinjira mu nzego zitandukanye.
Serivisi nyinshi za Leta zimaze kujyanwa ku ikoranabuhanga, ibigo by’imari bikoresha uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga mu gutanga serivisi, naho amashuri na za kaminuza bikomeje gushyira imbaraga mu kwigisha amasomo ajyanye n’ikoranabuhanga.
Leta y’u Rwanda kandi yashyizeho Politiki y’Ubwenge Buhangano (AI Policy) igamije guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya AI mu iterambere ry’igihugu.
Nubwo kugeza ubu nta mibare yemewe igaragaza umubare w’imirimo ishobora kugirwaho ingaruka na AI mu Rwanda, inzego zitandukanye zigaragaza ko iri koranabuhanga rizahindura imiterere y’imirimo, rikazamura umusaruro ariko rigasaba abaturage kunguka ubumenyi bushya kugira ngo bakomeze guhangana n’impinduka z’isoko ry’umurimo.
Imirimo ishobora kugirwaho ingaruka kurusha iyindi
Raporo zitandukanye zirimo iz’Inama y’Ubukungu ku Isi (World Economic Forum), Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe Umurimo (ILO), Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari (IMF), Banki y’Isi na UNDP, zigaragaza ko hari imirimo imwe n’imwe ishobora kugirwaho ingaruka kurusha iyindi.
Imirimo isaba kwinjiza amakuru muri mudasobwa, gutunganya inyandiko zisanzwe, gusubiza ibibazo by’ibanze by’abakiriya cyangwa gukora raporo zishingiye ku makuru asanzwe, iri mu ishobora kugabanukamo abakozi. Impamvu ni uko AI ishobora gukora ibyo bikorwa mu gihe gito kandi ku giciro gito ugereranyije n’umuntu.
Ubushakashatsi butandukanye bugaragaza kandi ko imirimo yo kwakira no gufasha abakiriya ishobora kugabanyukamo abakozi mu myaka iri imbere bitewe n’ikoreshwa rya AI n’izindi sisitemu zikora ibikorwa byikora (automation).
By’umwihariko, porogaramu ziganira n’abakiriya hifashishijwe inyandiko cyangwa amajwi (chatbots) zimaze gufasha ibigo byinshi gusubiza ibibazo byinshi by’abakiriya bitabaye ngombwa ko hakoreshwa abantu benshi.
Abakozi batangiye kubona impinduka
Hari bamwe mu bakora imirimo yo mu biro bavuga ko batangiye kubona impinduka zituruka ku ikoreshwa ry’ikoranabuhanga n’Ubwenge Buhangano.
Imaniranzi Eric, ukora mu gutunganya amakuru no kuyashyira muri mudasobwa, avuga ko mbere akazi kabo kasabaga abantu benshi, ariko ubu sisitemu zitandukanye zatangiye gukora igice kinini cy’ako kazi.
Yagize ati: “Mbere twamaraga igihe kinini twinjiza amakuru intoki. Ubu hari porogaramu zidufasha kuyatunganya vuba, tugasigara tugenzura no gukosora amakosa gusa. Byoroheje akazi kandi bituma dukora byinshi mu gihe gito.”
Ku rundi ruhande, Mukandayisenga Claudine, ukora mu kwakira abakiriya mu kigo cyigenga cyo mu Karere ka Muhanga, avuga ko rimwe na rimwe agira impungenge z’ingaruka AI ishobora kugira ku mirimo nk’iyo akora.
Ati: “Iyo mbona uburyo mu bihugu byateye imbere chatbots zisubiza ibibazo byinshi by’abakiriya, rimwe na rimwe nibaza niba mu myaka iri imbere hazaba hakenewe abantu benshi nk’ubu. Bituma numva ngomba gukomeza kwihugura kugira ngo ntazasigara inyuma.”
AI si umwanzi w’abakozi
Nubwo hari impungenge z’ingaruka AI ishobora kugira ku mirimo imwe n’imwe, impuguke nyinshi zivuga ko iri koranabuhanga ritagomba gufatwa nk’umwanzi w’abakozi.
Dr. Faustin Ntezilyayo, umwe mu banyamategeko bazwi mu Rwanda, ubwo yaganiraga n’abanyeshuri bo mu Ishuri Rikuru Gatolika rya Kabgayi (ICK) ku mateka y’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, yagaragaje ko buri koranabuhanga rishya rigabanya imirimo imwe ariko rikarema indi mishya.
Yagize ati: “AI ishobora kugabanya imirimo imwe isubirwamo kenshi, ariko ikanatanga amahirwe mashya mu gusesengura amakuru, umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga, gutunganya porogaramu ndetse no kugenzura imikorere ya AI ubwayo. Ikibazo ni ukumenya niba abantu bafite ubumenyi bujyanye n’iyo mirimo mishya.”
Ubumenyi ni bwo buzagena abazungukira muri AI
Raporo ya UNDP igaragaza ko ikibazo nyamukuru atari uko AI izafata akazi kose, ahubwo ko ishobora gutuma habaho icyuho hagati y’abafite ubumenyi bwo kuyikoresha n’abatabufite.
Ibi bivuze ko ibihugu bizashora imari mu burezi, amahugurwa n’iterambere ry’ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga ari byo bizarushaho kungukira kuri iri koranabuhanga.
Mu Rwanda, aho gahunda yo kubaka ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ikomeje gushyirwa mu bikorwa, abasesenguzi bavuga ko ikibazo kitagombye kuba kumenya niba AI izahindura isoko ry’umurimo, ahubwo kikaba uburyo abaturage bazafashwa kubona ubumenyi n’ubushobozi bizatuma bagendana n’izo mpinduka.
Mu gihe AI ikomeje kwinjira mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima n’ubukungu, birashoboka ko imirimo imwe izasigaramo abakozi bake kurusha mbere.
Icyakora, impuguke zemeza ko abazashobora kwihugura, kwiga ubumenyi bushya no gukoresha neza iri koranabuhanga ari bo bazagira amahirwe menshi ku isoko ry’umurimo ryo mu bihe biri imbere.
Mu yandi magambo, AI ntizakuraho akazi kose; ahubwo izahindura uburyo gakorwamo, bityo abazabasha guhuza ubumenyi bwabo n’ikoranabuhanga bakazaba bafite amahirwe kurusha abandi.