Iyi raporo yiswe “The Africa We Build: From Capital to Systems” ivuga ko nubwo imari yo ku mugabane w’Afurika yiyongereye cyane, ikoreshwa nabi cyangwa igashyirwa ahatari ho, bigatuma itagera mu nzego zitanga umusaruro nk’inganda n’ibikorwaremezo.
Business Insider Africa yanditse ko ibi bituma Afurika ikomeza kugira ikibazo cy’ubushomeri bwinshi, inganda zidatera imbere, ndetse n’ibura ry’ibikorwaremezo bikomeye.
Nk’uko bivugwa na AFC, ikibazo si ukubura amafaranga, ahubwo ni uburyo akoreshwa. Uyu munsi, umutungo w’imbere mu bihugu bya Afurika—urimo amafaranga ya banki, ikigega cy’izabukuru, ubwishingizi n’indi mitungo ya leta—urenga tiriyari $4, ariko nturimo kubyara imirimo ihagije ku rubyiruko rugenda rwiyongera buri mwaka.
Umuyobozi wa AFC, Samaila Zubairu, yavuze ko: “Amafaranga ari kwiyongera muri Afurika, ariko ntabwo ari kubyara imirimo ku rugero rukenewe. Icyo ni cyo kibazo tugomba gukemura.”
Raporo igaragaza ko hari ikibazo gikomeye mu bukungu bw’Afurika, aho ibihugu byinshi bikomeza kohereza hanze ibikoresho bitaratunganywa (raw materials), hanyuma bikagarura ibicuruzwa byatunganijwe. Ibi bituma imirimo ijya gukorerwa mu mahanga, mu gihe Afurika yo ihura n’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibyo itumiza hanze.
Zubairu yagize ati: “Afurika ikomeza kohereza ibikoresho by’ibanze, ikinjiza ibicuruzwa byatunganijwe, bityo imirimo ikajya hanze, natwe tukinjiza ibiciro byazamutse.”
Nubwo urwego rw’imari rwagutse, raporo igaragaza ko amafaranga menshi ashyirwa mu bikorwa byizewe kandi by’igihe gito nko kuguriza leta, aho gushorwa mu mishinga y’igihe kirekire nk’inganda, ibikorwaremezo n’ibindi bitanga umusaruro. Ibi bituma iterambere ritihuta nk'uko byari bikwiye.
Raporo inagaragaza ko amafaranga ava hanze y’Afurika agenda agabanuka kandi atizewe nk’uko byari bimeze mbere. Inkunga z’amahanga zaragabanutse, ndetse no kubona inguzanyo ku masoko mpuzamahanga bikaba bikomeje kugorana. Ibi bisaba Afurika kwishingikiriza cyane ku mutungo wayo bwite.
Ikindi kibazo gikomeye ni uko ibikorwaremezo bidakora nk’urwego ruhujwe. Nubwo hari imihanda, ibyambu na gari ya moshi byubatswe, akenshi bikora ukwabyo bidahujwe, bigatuma bidatanga umusaruro uhagije.
Raporo ivuga ko umutungo kamere wa Afurika ukoreshwa nabi kuko udahabwa agaciro wongerewe. Aho gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro cyangwa ibindi bikoresho imbere mu gihugu, byinshi byoherezwa hanze bitaravugururwa, bigatuma Afurika ibura inyungu nini n’imirimo.
Zubairu yagize ati: “Afurika si uko ibura umutungo, ahubwo ibura uburyo bwo kuwubyaza agaciro.”
Raporo igaragaza ko inganda nk’iz’ibyuma (steel), ifumbire mvaruganda, gutunganya peteroli na aluminium zishobora guteza imbere ubukungu, ariko bisaba amashanyarazi ahagije, uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara ibintu n’amasoko ahamye.
AFC inagaragaza ko igihe cyo gukora impinduka ari gito cyane, kuko buri mwaka urubyiruko rwinshi rwinjira ku isoko ry’umurimo. Iyo nta mpinduka zikorwa vuba, ubushomeri n’ubusumbane bishobora kurushaho kwiyongera.
Zubairu asoza agira ati: “Afurika iri mu gihe gikomeye cyo gufata icyemezo. Icy’ingenzi ni ugushyira mu bikorwa gahunda zifatika ku rugero runini, mu buryo bwihuse kandi bufite intego.”
Mu gukemura ibi bibazo, raporo isaba gushyiraho uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza imari n’imishinga, gutegura imishinga myiza ishobora gushorwamo imari, no gukoresha neza umutungo w’imbere mu bihugu mu bikorwa bitanga umusaruro.
Inasaba gukoresha uburyo bushya bw’imari bufasha kugabana ingaruka (risk), kugira ngo abashoramari bashishikarizwe gushora mu mishinga y’igihe kirekire.
Nubwo hari intambwe ibihugu bimwe byateye, AFC ivuga ko bidahagije ugereranyije n’umutungo uhari. Guhuza neza amafaranga ahari n’ibikorwa bifatika by’ubukungu ni byo bizafasha Afurika kugera ku iterambere rirambye no kugira uruhare rukomeye ku rwego mpuzamahanga.