Kugeza ubu, abantu barenga miliyoni 57 ku Isi babana n’indwara yo kwibagirwa, mu gihe buri mwaka hagaragara abantu bashya hafi miliyoni 10 bayanduye.
Dementia ni indwara igabanya ubushobozi bw'ubwonko bwo kwibuka, gutekereza no gufata ibyemezo, ikunze kwibasira abantu bageze mu zabukuru, nubwo ishobora no gufata abandi.
OMS ivuga ko kugira imibereho myiza bishobora gufasha kurinda ubwonko no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara.
Mu nama nshya zatanzwe na OMS, abantu bose basabwa gufata ingamba zoroshye ariko zifite uruhare runini mu kurinda ubwonko no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara dementia. Muri izo nama harimo:
Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe kuko bifasha amaraso gutembera neza mu mubiri no mu bwonko, bikongerera ubwonko umwuka wa oxygène n'intungamubiri bukenera.
Kurya indyo yuzuye kandi iboneye ni ingenzi mu kurinda ubuzima bw'ubwonko. Inzobere zishishikariza kurya imbuto, imboga, ibinyampeke bidatunganyije cyane, amafi n'ibindi biribwa bikungahaye ku ntungamubiri, no kugabanya ibirimo amavuta menshi, isukari nyinshi n'umunyu mwinshi, kuko bishobora kongera ibyago by'indwara zangiza ubwonko.
Kwirinda kunywa itabi ni imwe mu ngamba zikomeye zo kurinda ubwonko. Itabi ryangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso, rikagabanya umwuka wa oxygène ugera ku bwonko, bityo rikongera ibyago byo kurwara dementia n'izindi ndwara z'umutima n'imitsi.
Kugabanya kunywa inzoga na byo ni ingenzi. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi cyangwa igihe kirekire bishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw'ubwonko, bikagira ingaruka ku kwibuka, gutekereza no gufata ibyemezo. Kugabanya cyangwa kwirinda inzoga bifasha ubwonko gukomeza gukora neza.
Kubana neza n'abandi no gukomeza kugira imibanire myiza n'umuryango, inshuti cyangwa abaturage muganira na bo bifasha ubwonko gukomeza gukora. Kwigunga no kubura abo muganira bishobora kongera ibyago byo kugira ibibazo byo kwiheba no kugabanuka kw'ubushobozi bwo gutekereza.
Gukomeza gukoresha ubwonko binyuze mu kwiga ibintu bishya, gusoma ibitabo, gukina imikino isaba gutekereza cyangwa kwiga ururimi rushya bifasha ubwonko gukomeza gukora neza.
Kwisuzumisha no kugenzura indwara zirimo umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete na cholesterol ni ingenzi kuko izi ndwara zishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso igaburira ubwonko. Kuzimenya hakiri kare no kuzivura neza bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ubwonko no kurwara dementia.
Kwirinda guhura n'umwuka wanduye na byo ni ingenzi. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko guhumeka umwuka wanduye igihe kirekire bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko.
Kutirengagiza ikibazo cyo kutumva neza ni indi nama ikomeye. Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva bagirwa inama yo kwisuzumisha no gukoresha ibyuma bibafasha kumva igihe bibaye ngombwa. Ibi bishobora kubafasha gukomeza kuganira n'abandi, gukoresha ubwonko neza no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara dementia.
OMS yanakuyeho imyumvire imaze igihe ivuga ko gufata inyongera z'intungamubiri nka vitamine B, vitamine E, omega-3 cyangwa multivitamines bishobora kurinda dementia.
OMS ivuga ko nta bimenyetso bya siyansi bihari byerekana ko izo nyongera zigabanya ibyago bya dementia ku bantu badafite ikibazo cy'imirire cyangwa ubuke bw’izo ntungamubiri bwemejwe n'abaganga.
OMS ishimangira ko ubwonko ari urugingo umuntu yifashisha ubuzima bwe bwose, bityo gufata ibyemezo byiza by'ubuzima hakiri kare bishobora kubufasha gukomeza gukora neza no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara dementia mu gihe cy'izabukuru.
Izi nama zije mu gihe umubare w'ababana na dementia ukomeje kwiyongera ku Isi, bigatuma ubukangurambaga bwo kuyirinda no kuyimenya hakiri kare bukomeza gutangwa ku bwinshi.