Abashakashatsi batandukanye bagiye bagaragaza ko Generation Z (Gen Z), ni ukuvuga abavutse ahanini hagati ya 1997 na 2012, bari gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina ku kigero cyo hasi ugereranyije n’ibisekuru byabanje, ndetse ko aba-Gen Z bo batangira gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina batinze.
Ibi byatumye hakoreshwa imvugo nka “sex recession”, isobanura igabanuka ry’imibonano mpuzabitsina mu bantu bakiri bato. Ariko ubushakashatsi bushya bugaragaza ko ikibazo kidakwiye kurebwa gusa nk’igabanuka ry’imibonano mpuzabitsina, ahubwo ko ari impinduka mu buryo urubyiruko rusobanura urukundo, umubano ndetse no kunyurwa.
Imibare igaragaza ko imibonano mpuzabitsina yagabanutse mu rubyiruko
Inyandiko yasohotse mu kinyamakuru Institute For Family Studies, igaragaza ko amakuru yavuye mu bushakashatsi bushingiye ku mibare yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika agaragaza ko umubare w’abantu bakiri bato batakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina mu gihe cy’umwaka wazamutse cyane.
Mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 29, abagera kuri 24% bavuze ko batigeze bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina muri 2024, mu gihe mu 2010 bari hafi 12%.
Ni ukuvuga ko mu gihe cy’imyaka 14 gusa, umubare w’abari muri iki cyiciro batakoze imibonano wikubye inshuro ebyiri.
Ubundi bushakashatsi bushingiye ku makuru ya General Social Survey (GSS) bwo bwerekanye ko imibonano mpuzabitsina ikorwa buri cyumweru mu bantu bakuru bafite hagati y’imyaka 18 na 64 yagabanutse, iva kuri 55% mu 1990 igera kuri 37% muri 2024.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko iri gabanuka ritagaragara gusa mu rubyiruko, ahubwo ko ari impinduka ziri kugaragara mu bantu benshi muri rusange.
Ni iki kiri gutera aba-Gen Z kudakora imibonano mpuzabitsina?
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko nta mpamvu imwe rukumbi iri inyuma y’izi mpinduka. Ahubwo hari ibintu byinshi byahurijwe hamwe bibigiramo uruhare. Kimwe mu bintu bikomeye byagaragajwe ni impinduka mu buryo abantu binjira mu buzima bw’abantu bakuru.
Mu myaka yashize, kubona akazi, gutunga inzu, kubana n’umukunzi no gushinga urugo byafatwaga nk’ibyiciro bikomeye, ndetse abantu babigeragaho hakiri kare.Ariko kuri Gen Z, ibi byagiye bihinduka.
Ubuzima buhenze, ikibazo cy’amacumbi, amadeni y’uburezi n’isoko ry’umurimo ridahagije byatumye benshi batinda kugera ku byiciro by’imibereho byajyanaga no kugira imibanire ihamye. Abahanga bavuga ko gutinda kwinjira mu buzima bw’abantu bakuru bigira ingaruka no ku mibanire y’urukundo.
Abashakashatsi kandi bavuga ko uburyo abantu bahuraga bukomeje guhinduka. Mu bihe byashize, ahantu nko ku kazi, ku ishuri, ibikorwa by’imyidagaduro ndetse n’ahandi hahuriraga abantu benshi byafashaga mu kubaka imibanire.
Ariko ubu, ubuzima bwo kuri internet, akazi gakorerwa kure ndetse no kugabanuka kw’ibikorwa byo guhurira hamwe byagabanyije amahirwe yo guhura n’abantu bashya. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko igihe abantu bamara basabana imbonankubone cyagabanutse cyane mu myaka ishize.
Ikindi ni imbuga nkoranyambaga na porogaramu zo gusharaho abakunzi, ibi nabyo byahinduye cyane uburyo abantu babona urukundo. Ku ruhande rumwe, byoroheje guhura n’abantu benshi no gutangira ibiganiro.
Ariko ku rundi ruhande, abahanga bavuga ko bishobora gutuma bamwe basimbuza umubano nyawo imibanire yo kuri internet.
Nanone, imbuga nkoranyambaga zishobora kongera igitutu ku bantu kubera kugereranya imibiri yabo, ubuzima bwabo n’ubw’abandi. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kwigirira icyizere no ku buryo abantu biyumva mu mibanire.
Gen Z ni kimwe mu bisekuru byagaragaje ubwiyongere bw’ibibazo by’umuhangayiko n’ihungabana ryo mu mutwe. Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bavuga ko guhangayika cyane bishobora kugira uruhare mu kugabanya ubushake bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Umuhanga mu bijyanye n’imitsi n’imyitwarire y’abantu, Nan Wise, yavuze ko umunaniro n’ibibazo byo mu mutwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umuntu yiyumva no ku bushake bwo kugira umubano wimbitse.
Nanone, gukoresha imiti imwe n’imwe ivura ibibazo byo mu mutwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushake bw’imibonano mpuzabitsina ku bantu bamwe.
Ese aba-Gen Z banga imibonano mpuzabitsina?
Ntabwo abahanga bose bemeranya n’inyito ivuga ko aba-Gen Z “batakigira ubushake bw’imibonano”.
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwakozwe na Flo, porogaramu y’ubuzima bw’abagore, bukoresheje amakuru y’abantu hafi 28,000, bwerekanye ko itandukaniro hagati ya Gen Z n’ibindi bisekuru rishobora kuba rito kurusha uko byatekerezwaga.
Muri ubwo bushakashatsi, 87.2% by’aba-Gen Z bavuze ko bakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina n’umuntu bari mu rukundo, ugereranyije na 89.9% by’abantu bo mu bindi bisekuru.
Ibi byerekanye ko ikibazo atari uko urubyiruko rwose rwaretse imibonano, ahubwo ko uburyo ruyibona n’ibyo rushaka muri yo byahindutse.
Kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi bushya ni uko abantu benshi batakibona kunyurwa mu mibonano mpuzabitsina bashingiye gusa ku nshuro ibaye cyangwa ku munezero w’umubiri gusa.
Ahubwo, benshi bashyira imbere: kugira umubano wizewe, kumva bakunzwe kandi bubashywe, kugirana ibiganiro n’uwo bari kumwe, ndetse no kumva bafite icyerekezo kimwe.
Abahanga bavuga ko ibi bigaragaza ko urubyiruko ruri kwimura no guhindura icyibandwaho, rukava ku gitekerezo cyo kureba imibonano nk’igikorwa gusa, rukayihuza n’umubano n’amarangamutima.
Ese ni ikibazo cyangwa ni impinduka zisanzwe?
Abashakashatsi ntibavuga ko kugabanuka kw’imibonano mpuzabitsina ari ikibazo ubwacyo. Bavuga ko igikwiye kwitabwaho ari ukumva impamvu ziri inyuma y’iyi mpinduka.
Ku ruhande rumwe, bamwe bavuga ko kugabanuka kw’imibanire bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwo mu mutwe, ku kubaka imiryango ndetse no ku mibare y’abana bavuka.
Ku rundi ruhande, abandi bavuga ko kuba abantu bakora imibonano gake bitavuga ko batishimye cyangwa ko babuze urukundo, ahubwo bishobora kuba bigaragaza ko abantu batangiye guha agaciro cyane ubuziranenge bw’umubano kurusha ibyo bakorana.
Ibyerekeye Gen Z n’imibonano mpuzabitsina ntibigarukira ku kuvuga ko “urubyiruko rwaretse imibonano”. Ahubwo ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ishusho igoye kurushaho: ubukungu, ikoranabuhanga, imihangayiko yo mu mutwe n’impinduka mu ndangagaciro byahinduye uburyo abantu bakiri bato bubaka imibanire.
Nubwo bamwe muri Gen Z bari gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina gake ugereranyije n’ibisekuru byabanje, abahanga bavuga ko bishobora kuba atari ukugabanuka kw’inyungu ku rukundo cyangwa ku mibonano, ahubwo ari impinduka mu buryo basobanura urukundo, umutekano n’icyo kunyurwa bisobanuye.