Amateka ya Marshal Khalifa Haftar wafashije Gaddafi kujya ku butegetsi akanagira uruhare mu ihirikwa rye akaba anashaka kuyobora Libya

Marshal Khalifa Belgasim Haftar yavutse kuwa 7 Ugushyingo 1943 avukira mu mujyi witwa Adjabiya ho mu gihugu cya Libya. Muri uyu mujyi ni ho yize amashuri abanza, ni uko mu 1957 ajya mu wundi mujyi witwa Derna kwiga yo amashuri yisumbuye.

Kuwa 16 Nzeri mu 1964 Haftar yinjiye mu ishuri rya gisirikare ryitwa Benghazi Military Academy maze ahakura impamyabumenyi ya gisirikare mu 1966. Arangije i Benghazi yabonye amahugurwa mu bya gisirikare mu cyari leta zunze ubumwe z’abasoviyete (Soviet Union) ubu hazwi nko mu Burusiya mu ishuri ryitwa M.V Frunze Military Academy. Nyuma yakomeje kujya abona amahugurwa ya gisirikare mu bihugu bitandukanye harimo na Misiri(Egypt).

Uruhare rwa Khalifa Haftar mu butegetsi Bwa Gaddafi

Igihe yari akiri umusore, yagize uruhare rukomeye cyane mu ihirikwa ry’ubwami ryabaye mu 1969 igihe umwami Idris yakurwaga ku buyobozi maze Gaddafi agahita atangira kuyobora Libya. Ubwami bumaze gukurwaho, Haftar yashyizwe mu buyobozi bw’inziba cyuho bwamaze amezi macye, ni uko Gaddafi amaze kuba umukuru w’igihugu ahita amugira umukuru w’igisirikare.

Haftar na Gaddafi babanje gukorana

Intandaro yo gushwana kwa Khalifa Haftar na Gaddafi

Mu 1986, Haftar yahawe ipeti rya Coloneli mu gisirikare cya Libya, ni uko ahita anahabwa inshingano zo kuyobora urugamba ingabo za Libya zari zoherejwe mo kurwana n’igihugu cya Chad mu ntambara yahuje ibihugu byombi icyo gihe.

Muri iyi ntambara igihugu cya Libya cyaratsinzwe ku buryo bugaragara kuko ingabo nyinshi zahasize ubuzima izindi zigasubizwa inyuma, maze Gaddafi yiyemeza gusinya amasezerano y’amahoro ndetse no gukura abasirikare ku rugamba. Abasirikare benshi basubiye muri Libya ariko Haftar n’abandi basirikare benshi banga kumvira Gaddafi bakomeza kurwana.

Intambara yarakomeje maze igihe kiza kugera Haftar n’abandi basirikare bari hagati ya 600 na 700 bafatwa bugwate n’ingabo za Chad mu gitero k’indege cyabereye ahitwa Quadi Doum.

Nyuma y’iki gitero Gaddafi yatangaje ko yitandukanyije n’abo basirikare be kuko bari bararenze ku mategeko ye, ndetse anatangaza ko nta kintu na kimwe ashobora gukora ngo abafunguze ko ahubwo bakeneye guhanwa ku bwo gusebya igihugu, ibintu byababaje Haftar aho yari afungiye muri Chad.

Gaddafi yasabye ko yashyikirizwa aba basirikare ariko Amerika ibahungishiriza mu cyahoze ari Zaire ariyo Congo y’ubu. Kimwe cya kabiri cy’abasirikare bari kumwe na Haftar baramucitse bisubirira muri Libya ariko we n’abandi bari basigaye biyemeza kwihuza n’itsinda ry’abantu benshi banyuranye ryitwaga National Front for the Salvation of Libya (NFSL) ryarwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa Gaddafi rigafashwa n’abanyamerika.

Ku wa 21 Kamena 1988 Haftar yatangaje ko ashinze umutwe wa gisirikare (Military wing) witwa Libyan National Army(LNA) ahita anawubera umuyobozi, ukaba rero wari ushamikiye kuri rya tsinda NFSL ryarwanyaga Leta ya Tripoli.

Ingabo za Khalifa Haftar(LNA) ziri mu myitozo ngororaramubiri

Igihe ubufasha bwa Amerika kuri Haftar mu cyahoze ari Zaire bwagendaga bugabanuka, Zaire yabohereje muri Kenya kuba ari ho bajya kwaka ubuhungiro. Kenya yarabakiriye ibaha ubuhungiro bw’igihe gito, ni uko ikigo cy’ubutasi cy’abanyamerica CIA gitangira kubashakira uko bajyanwa gutura muri Amerika, maze mu 1990 Haftar n’abandi basirikare be basaga 300 bajyanwa muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika bahabwa n’ubwenegihugu binyuze muri gahunda y’abanyamerika yo gufasha impunzi (U.s refugee program).

Muri Werurwe 1996, Haftar n’abandi bari bafatanyije bagerageje kwivugana Gaddafi mu misozi iherereye mu burasirazuba bwa Libya ariko umugambi urabapfubana, Haftar wari wanaje muri urwo rugamba afata icyemezo cyo kwisubirira muri Amerika aho yakomeje gutera udutero shuma muri Libya.

Uruhare rwa Khalifa Haftar mu ihirikwa rya Muammar Gaddafi

Mu mwaka wa 2011, Haftar yagarutse muri Libya gufatanya n’abanya Libya bavugaga ko bashaka impinduka. Muri Werurwe uwo mwaka umuvugizi w’inyeshyamba zarwanaga muri Libya yatangaje ko Khalifa Haftar agizwe umukuru w’igisirikare.

Nyuma y’ayo magambo, inteko y’abo barwanyaga Gaddafi yaricaye yanga icyo gitekerezo ahubwo itora uwitwa Abdul Fatar Younis nk’umukuru w’ingabo, Omar El-Hariri nk’umujyanama wa Younis, ni uko Haftar atorwa ku mwanya wa gatatu ahabwa inshingano zo kuyobora ingabo zarwaniraga ku butaka aho yari afite ipeti rya Lieutenant General.

Intambara yarakomeje Gaddafi aza kwicwa ku wa 20 Ukwakira mu 2011 mu mujyi wa Sirte, Haftar nyine akiyoboye ingabo zamurwanyaga zarwaniraga ku butaka. Fatar Younis wari uyoboye izo ngabo zahiritse ubutegetsi yaje kwicwa na bamwe mu bakundaga Gaddafi, maze ku wa 17 Ugushyingo 2011 Haftar ahita aba umugaba mukuru w’ingabo bitewe n’uburambe bwe mu ntambara ndetse n’uruhare rukomeye yagize mu ihirikwa rya Gaddafi.

 Uruhare rwa Haftar mu ntambara iri muri Libya nyuma y’urupfu rwa Gaddafi

Kuva Gaddafi yapfa Haftar ntiyongeye kugaragara mu ruhame kugera muri Gashyantare 2014, ubwo yagaragaraga mu kiganiro kuri Television imwe ashishikariza abaturage kwigumura kuri Leta nshya ya GNC (General National Congress). Akaba yaravugaga ko ibi arikubikora mu buryo bwo kubohora igihugu ikivana mu mitwe inyuranye igendera ku matwara akaze y’idini rya Islam yihurije mu kitwa Muslim brotherhood.

Haftar yitandukanyije n’iyi Leta yahiritse Gaddafi bitewe n’uko ayishinja kuba idakemura ibibazo by’abaturage, kandi ikareka imitwe y’abahezanguni bo mu idini rya Islam harimo na Islamic state ikigarurira ibice byinshi by’igihugu.

Haftar rero yiyemeje kurwana na Leta iriho ashize amanga, ndetse agahangana n’iyindi mitwe yitwaje intwaro yagize Libya akarima kayo. Uyu mugabo afite abasirikare b’abahanga cyane bafatanyije guhirika shebuja Gaddafi, bigatuma rero agira igisirikare gikomeye cyaba icyo ku butaka n’icyo mu kirere. 

Mu nkubiri ye yo gushaka kwigarurira Libya ngo ayiyobore yagiye kenshi agaba ibitero bigiye binyuranye ku murwa mukuru Tripoli cyane cyane yibanze ku bibuga by’indege n’ahandi hantu hanyuranye hafite agaciro. Haftar afite abayoboke benshi cyane mu bice by’uburasirazuba bwa Libya kurusha mu burengerazuba, bikaba byaranatumye mu burasirazuba ahashyira inkambi ikomeye cyane ya gisirikare, bituma anatangaza ko ahashinze Guverinoma iyobowe na we ifite icyicaro ahitwa Tobruk ikaba iyobora igice kinini cy’uburasirazuba ndetse n’ikindi gice cy’amajyepfo ashyira uburengerazuba.

Mu gice cy’uburasirazuba bwa Libya Haftar ahafite abakunzi benshi cyane

Haftar rero avuga ko atazigera atuza mu gihe imitwe y’abahezanguni nka Ansar Al-Sharia yigaruriye umujyi wa Benghazi ndetse na Islamic state yigaruriye hafi uburengerazuba bw’igihugu itaracika burundu.

Ibindi ashingiraho intambara ye ni ukuba igihugu gifite impunzi nyinshi ndetse hakaba hari n’umubare uteye ubwoba w’abimukira batikirira mu nyanja ya Mediterrane bavuye muri Libya bashaka kujya mu bihugu by’uburayi cyane cyane Ubutariyani. Gusa Leta iriho yo ntibyumva, n’ibice by’igihugu yigaruriye bagerageza kubimwambura n’ubwo bigoranye. Umuryango w’abibumbye nawo uhora umwinginga ngo yicare ku meza y’ibiganiro n’abo bahanganye kugira ngo igihugu kigarukemo agahenge.

Ubuzima bwite bwa Khalifa Haftar

Haftar afite abana b’abahungu batanu n’umukobwa umwe. Captain Saddam Haftar na Captain Khalid Haftar bombi ni aba ofisiye mu ngabo za se arizo Libyan National Army(LNA), mu gihe undi muhungu witwa Al-sadiq Haftar nawe yibera muri Libya ariko mu buzima busanzwe.

Abandi bahungu babiri aribo Uqba Haftar ndetse na Al-Muntasir Haftar hamwe na mushiki wabo Asma Haftar bo bibera muri Amerika ahitwa Virginia aho bakora ibijyanye no gucuruza amazu bakanayakodesha (real estate).

Ku wa 12 Mata mu 2018, byatangajwe ko Haftar ari muri coma bitewe n’uguturika kw’imitsi yo mu bwonko(stroke) bituma ajyanwa igitaraganya kuvurirwa mu bitaro biri I Paris mu bufaransa. Mu ntangiro yabanje kubeshyuza ayo makuru ariko nyuma aza kubyemeza.

Ibinyamakuru by’imbere muri Libya byakomeje kumwandikaho inkuru nyinshi ndetse biza guhwihwiswa ko yapfuye, ariko bamwe mu byegera bye bigakomeza kuvuga ko agihumeka. Ku wa 25 Mata mu 2018 umuvugizi w’ingabo za LNA yemeje ko Haftar akiri muzima kandi ko yagarutse muri Benghazi avuye kwivuza I Paris.

Umuvugizi w’ingabo za LNA Generali Ahmed Al-Mesmari ubwo yatangarizaga itangazamakuru ko Haftar akiri muzima

Usibye ururimi kavukire rw’icyarabu avuga Haftar anavuga neza cyane Icyongereza, Igitaliyani, Ikirusiya ndetse n’Igifaransa gike.

Src:Middleeasteye.net & Egypttoday.com