Amateka ya Legson Kayira: Kuvukira mu bukene ukaminuriza muri Amerika, kuva Malawi ukajya muri Sudani n’amaguru!

Tekereza ababyeyi bawe bari abakene cyane, nta bushobozi bafite bwo kurera uwo babyaye. Tekereza mama wawe yahisemo kukujugunya mu ruzi, ukaza kurokoka ariko ugakomeza kugira ingorane zikomeye zo mu bwana. Tekereza urota kuba umwarimu kugira ngo ujye ufasha bagenzi bawe muturuka mu cyaro kimwe, ariko ayo mahirwe ntubashe kuyabona.

Wakora iki? Wakwemera ibyakubayeho kandi ukabaho mu buzima bworoshye bw’umuhinzi, mu buryo bumwe ababyeyi bawe na ba sogokuru  bawe bakoze mbere yuko ubikora, cyangwa wagerageza ibidashoboka kugira ngo ugere ku nzozi zawe?

Urugendo rurambuye rwa Legson Kayira?

Legson Didimu Kayira yavutse mu 1942 mu gace ka mpale mu Majyaruguru ya Nyasaland ubu ni muri Malawi hafi n’umupaka wa Tanzania. Avukana n’abavandimwe umunani kuri se witwaTimothy Mwene kanyonyo Mwamalopa Arinani Chikowoka Kayira na nyina witwa Ziya Nyakawonga bakaba bari abakene rukukuri muri ako gace.

Legson yavutse mu gihe nyina yari arwaye cyane kandi adafite n’akabaraga ko kumwitaho. Mu kwiheba gukabije kwa nyina, yafashe umwanzuro wo kujya kumujuganya mu mugezi wo hafi y’iwabo witwaga DIDIMU. Ntabwo yigeze amushyira mu gitebo nk'uko byagenze kuri Musa uvugwa mu byanditswe Bitagatifu ngo aze gutwarwa n’amazi. Amaze kumujuganya ntiyategereje ngo arebe ibikurikiraho ahubwo yahise yisubirira mu rugo ngo hatagira umenya ibyo yari amaze gukora.

Nk'uko byabaye kuri Mose, legson yaje gutoragurwa n’umuturanyi mu gihe yendaga kurohama, maze amusubiza nyina amugira inama yo kutongera gukora icyo gikorwa kibi. Kuva ubwo Legson yatangiye kwitwa Didimu izina rituruka ku mugezi wanze guhitana ubuzima bwe.

Mu bwana bwe Legson yabayeho mu buzima bukomeye kandi bugoye cyane dore ko ababyeyi be nta n'umwe wari warize kandi baba no mu gasambu gato cyane katagera no kuri hectares 8 kandi ari nayo bahingamo gusa. Igihe kimwe yaravuze ati:” nakomotse muri umwe mu muryango ukennye cyane, Imana yaremye kuva isi ya baho”

Nta mwanya yigeze abona wo gukina nk’abandi bana kuko akimenya kugenda gusa se yamwigishije guhinga ndetse no kwita ku bihingwa byabo. Amaze kugimbuka ku buryo yashobora gufata icumu, se yahise amwigisha guhiga ingurube z’ishyamba kugira ngo amufashe kwita ku muryango.

Mu mpera z’icyumweru, Legson yajyaga kwa sekuru kwita ku nka zaho ndetse akarara no mu kiraro. Yishimiraga kuba kwa sekuru cyane cyane ku wa Gatandatu ni mugoroba ubwo nyirakuru wabo yabaciraga imigani.  

Amaze kugira imyaka imwemerera kwiga, ababyeyi be bamwohereje kwiga ku ishuri ryitwa Wenya Mission school ryayoborwaga n’abamisiyoneli baturuka muri Ecosse. 

Kwiga kuri iki kigo byaramugoye cyane kuko kubona amafaranga y'ishuri byasabaga ko bagurisha ibyo babaga basaruye byose hakiyongeraho urugendo yakoraga buri munsi ava iwabo agiye kwiga rwanganaga na kilometer 10. Kubyuka mu museso buri munsi agiye ku ishuri kandi ari bunakore urugendo rurerure byatumye ashaka kuva mu ishuri ariko ababyeyi be baramutsembera.

Amashuri abanza yamufashije kwisobanukirwa uwo ari we neza kuko bwa mbere agitangira kumenya gusoma no kwandika yahise yifuza guhindura izina Didimu kuko yaryangaga kubi kubera ko ryamwibutsaga ubuzima yabayemo umunsi wa mbere akigera ku isi. 

Ibi byahuriranye n'uko muri icyo gihe abarezi baturukaga i Burayi barimo gutanga amazina ya gikiristu ariko Didimu we yashakaga izina ryihariye niko gufata ijambo leg bisobanura akaguru kuko yarikundaga cyane yongeraho son kuko yakekaga ko rizajya ryorohera abarimu kuryibuka maze abihuriza hamwe bikora ijambo Legson kuva ubwo yitwa Legson Kayira, Didimu rihera aho ryibagirana.

Ikindi kintu cya kabiri yahise akora ni uguhitamo itariki y’amavuko. Muri icyo gihe ibijyanye no kwandika imyirondoro y’umuntu byari bitaratera imbere nkuko bimeze ubu kuko we bamubwiraga ko yavutse mu gihe cy'ihinga hagati ya Gicurasi na Kanama mu 1942. Legson yahisemo taliki ya 10 Gicurasi 1942 nk’igihe yavukiye.

Legson yarangije amashuri abanza afite amanota menshi maze abona amahirwe yo kujya kwiga mu ishuri ryitwa Livingstonia Secondary School ryari mu yari akomeye icyo gihe naryo rikaba ryarayoborwaga n’abamisiyoneri bo mu itorero ryo muri Ecosse. 

Iri shuri ryashinzwe mu 1894 bahita baryitirira Livingstone wavumbuye isoko y’umugezi wa Nil. Akigera muri iki kigo yasanze gifite intego igira iti “I Will Try” bisobanura ngo 'Nzagerageza' maze iramushimisha nawe yiyemeza kuyikurikiza ubuzima bwe bwose.

Kubera gukunda gusoma cyane ibintu bitandukanye byatumye amenya ibintu byinshi cyane we atari azi ko binabaho cyane cyane inkuru yo mu gitabo cya T Washington yamushyizemo ibitekerezo by’uburyo umuntu yakoresha yigobotora ingoyi ya gicakara.

Wibuke ko iki gihe hari mu mpera ya 1950 Malawi ikitwa Nyasaland igikoronijwe n’Abongereza hamwe na Rhodesia yaje guhinduka Zimbabwe. Mu 1964 Nyasaland yabonye ubwigenge ku Bongereza ihita ihindura izina yitwa Malawi.

Arangije amashuri yisumbuye yahisemo ko agomba kuba umwarimu, atari inzira yo kuva mu buhinzi bw’ababyeyi be gusa, ahubwo ko ari irembo ryo gufungura ibitekerezo by’urubyiruko no kubigisha iby'isi nk'uko yari ameze. Ikibabaje ni uko ubusabe bwe bwo kuba mwarimu bwateshejwe agaciro. Impamvu yahawe ni uko yari akiri muto cyane ku buryo ataba umwarimu!

Uyu musore, wagenze ibirometero 12 ku munsi ajya anava ku ishuri akiri muto, ntabwo yari agiye gucibwa intege no kwimwa amahirwe yo kwigisha. Niba adashobora kwiga mu gihugu cyamubyaye, azajya kwiga mu mahanga aho azakura impamyabumenyi ihambaye. Kandi ntabwo ari amahanga abonetse yose ni muri Amerika, igihugu kibamo kwishyira ukizana.

Ubwe yarivugiye ati "Nabonye igihugu cya Abraham Lincoln nk'ahantu umuntu yagiye kugira ngo abone umudendezo n'ubwigenge umuntu yatekerezaga kandi azi ko ari kubwe nta gahato. Umunsi umwe nanjye nzajyayo, kandi nzajya ku ishuri ryaho, bitihise nzagaruka n’iwacu ngire uruhare mu kurwanya ubukoroni. ”

Igihe yari akiri ingimbi, yatunguwe n'uko mu bantu miliyoni 3 bo muri Nyasaland muri iyo minsi, hari abanyeshuri 22 barangije kaminuza, kandi nta n'umwe muri bo wize muri kaminuza yo muri Amerika. Bituma yifuza ko ari we wa mbere uziga muri Amerika wo mu gace k’iwabo nk'uko yabyivugiye ati “Ndashaka kuba uwa mbere.”

Ese ni iki cyatumye yifuza kwiga muri Amerika?

Ugomba kuba utekereza ko twatarutse igice aho umuryango we wagize amahirwe kandi ufite amafaranga yo kumwohereza mu mahanga. Oya, baracyari abakene rukukuri nk'uko byari bimeze akiri umwana, niba butariyongeye ahubwo.

Urakeka Livingstonia yamuhaye Buruse? Oya!

Ni gute umuhungu ukomoka mu mudugudu muto aho buri muntu wese yari umukene, umuhungu ubuzima bwe bwose yahingaga ubutaka anaragira inka kugira ngo afashe umuryango we, ashaka gukora ingendo mu mahanga? Mu gihe byashobokaga ko yaba adafite n'amafaranga ahagije yo gukora urugendo mu murwa mukuru iwabo?

Legson yafashe icyemezo cyatumye abantu bose mu mudugudu batekereza ko yataye umutwe rwose, bibaza ukuntu agiye kugenda kugera muri Amerika. Ushobora kwiyumvisha byoroshye uburyo abantu bamusetse mu gihe yatangaje itangazo rye n’uburyo abaturanyi babo bababajwe n'uyu muryango wari ukennye wohereje umwana wabo mu ishuri akagaruka adafite ubwenge.

Nta muntu n'umwe mu gace k’iwabo wari uzi aho Amerika iri ndetse n'ababyeyi be ntibari bahazi. Ariko umuhungu w’imyaka 16 yari yafashe icyemezo kandi nta kintu na kimwe cyari guhindura ibitekerezo bye. Yahisemo itariki yo kugenda, azenguruka umudugudu kugira ngo abasezere. Ku munsi uteye ubwoba wo ku ya 14 Ukwakira 1958, yasezeye ku muryango we atangira ibizaba urugendo rw'ibirometero ibihumbi.

Nyina ntiyizeraga ko azagera kure. Ndetse yarasetse amubwira ko azi neza ko azagaruka bitarenze icyumweru. Ntabwo yari azi ko ari bwo bwa nyuma azabona umuhungu we w'imfura. Ubuzima ntabwo bwari bwaramugendekeye neza kuko umugabo we yari yarapfuye igihe Legson yari mu mashuri abanza kandi mu bana be icyenda, Legson n'impanga ebyiri ntoya, umuhungu n'umukobwa ni bo barokotse mu bwana. Abandi bose bari barishwe n’indwara.

Legson yari yarize ikarita y'isi kandi umugambi we wari uwo kugenda mu Majyaruguru yerekeza i Port Said cyangwa Alegizandiriya muri Egiputa aho yashakaga akazi mu bwato bwerekeje i New York.

Yitwaje ishoka kugira ngo ateme mu ishyamba, ibiryo bike byibura byamutunga iminsi 5, ikarita y'isi n'ikarita ya Afurika, igitabo cyitwa 'Pilgrim's Progress from This World', igitabo cy'idini cyanditswe na John Bunyan, na Bibiliya ye. Yari yambaye ibirenge, ariko yishimye yambaye umwambaro w’ishuri yavanye i Livingstonia mu rugendo, azi neza ko intego y’ishuri “I Will Try” bisobanuye Nzagerageza” yanditse ku mupira we mu mugongo izamuzanira amahirwe.

Uyu munsi, hamwe n’iterambere ry'ibikorwa remezo nk’imihanda, ibirometero bisanga 1300 hagati y'Amajyaruguru ya Malawi n'umurwa mukuru wa Uganda, aho yahagaze bwa mbere yerekeza mu Misiri, byagutwara urugendo rutarenze umunsi uri mu modoka. Muri iyo minsi, urugendo rwe rugiye kumutwara amezi menshi, kugenda no kuruhuka no gukora akazi kugira ngo abashe kwibeshaho.

Ntabwo byari urugendo rworoshye, kandi inshuro nyinshi yari mu rugo arwaye kandi ahangayikishijwe n’umuryango we. Yageze i Mwanza muri Tanzaniya muri Nyakanga 1959. Yagumye muri uyu mujyi hafi ku kiyaga cya Victoria amezi atandatu, akora kugira ngo abone amafaranga ahagije yo kugura itike yerekeza i Kampala, ahahoze hitwa Protectorate ya Uganda.

Yumvikanye avuga ati "Ku ya 19 Mutarama mu mwaka w'Umwami wacu igihumbi magana cyenda na mirongo itandatu, nageze i Kampala, umujyi munini kandi w'ubucuruzi utangaje muri Protectorate ya Uganda. Ibirango biri kuri Port Bell, ku birometero bitanu uvuye mu mujyi wa Kampala.”

Hari mu masaha ya mu gitondo, mu kirere hari akayaga gakonje, maze agumaho igihe gito kugira ngo yitegereze icyambu cyahuzaga Kampala n'ibindi byambu byo ku kiyaga cya Victoria ndetse no mu bindi bihugu, binyuze mu nzira ya gari ya moshi. Ariko vuba na bwangu, ubwenge bwe bwagarutse ku rugendo rwe atangira kwibaza ikimutegereje igihe araba ageze ku cyambu maze aravuga ati 'Ubu umutima wanjye washenguwe n'amaganya, nibaza niba nzashobora kwinjira mu mujyi nta byangombwa by'ingendo.'

Yasohotse mu bwato yerekeza ku kayira kagana ku biro bya gasutamo aho abakozi babwiraga abagenzi bavaga mu bwato bati: “Pass, pass!” Yenda gutonda umurongo no kugenda yerekeza ku gihano icyo ari cyo cyose gihabwa abimukira badafite ibyangombwa, yabonye abagabo babiri bahagaze ku mpera y’icyambu kandi barembuza itsinda ry’abantu. Barimo bavuza induru bahamagarira abanyeshuri gusohoka mu irembo aho bari bahagaze.

Ibi byamubereye umukiro kuri we. Legson yinjiye mu murongo w’abanyeshuri, ageze imbere kumurongo, umugabo amubaza niba ari yigana nabo banyeshuri, arunama, yemererwa kwinjira mu mujyi.Atitaye kuri iyi 'ntsinzi', Legson yarushijeho kurengerwa n'iki kibazo, nubwo ari we wari wabishyize mu bikorwa.

Igihe kimwe yaje kuvuga ati"Nageze muri Uganda byakanya gato, ariko Amerika nk’intego yanjye, yari ikiri kure cyane, kure cyane y’ubutaka n’inyanja. Nabikuye ikarita yanjye nkimara kubona ko bakekwa kuba abagabo ba gasutamo. N’intoki zanjye nagereranije intera nari maze kugenda n’intera nari nsigaje kugenda. 

Nari narageze kure kandi nta mpamvu yo gusubira inyuma ubu, nagerageje kwihumuriza. Muri icyo gihe, nagize impuhwe zo kuba naragiye mu rugendo nk'urwo. Ikivugo ku ishati yanjye cyakomeje kuvuga ngo, "Nzagerageza"( I Will Try), kandi  nakomeje gusubiramo ayo magambo nkuko nabigize ubu inshuro ntabasha kubara, Nzagerageza. Ishati yanjye ariko yari yanduye, ikabutura yanjye yari yanduye, kandi nanjye nari nanduye ubwange”.

Ageze i Kampala, abona umuhungu muto wagurishaga ibitoki bitetse aramubaza ati"Matoke (ibitoki) bigurishwa hano". Ikintu kimenyerewe kugeza na nubu, nyuma yimyaka mirongo itandatu.

“Nafunze ikarita yanjye maze kuyisubiza mu mufuka njya ku muhungu ngura ibitoki bike. Nicaye ndi kurya ibitoki byanjye, nkuramo igitabo cyanjye mfungura page nkunda. “… Kandi nuzajyana nanjye, uzakomeza nkanjye ubwanjye, kuko aho ngiye, birahagije kandi nkababarira.”Ntabwo yari azi neza aho agomba gukomereza agenda, ariko yari azi gusoma ayo magambo, ko azaba sawa.

Yahisemo kuguma i Kampala iminsi mike gusa kugirango abashe kumenya icyakurikira. Yatangiye gukora imirimo itandukanye aha n'aha, yitegura gukomeza urugendo rwe ku cyambu cya Misiri cya kiri kure. Umunsi umwe, yabonye isomero yinjiramo kugira ngo abone amakuru yose y’uburyo yashobora kwiga muri Amerika. Yabonye igitabo cya Kaminuza zo muri Amerika, aragifungura, icyambere yabonye ni icy'ishuri ryitwa Skagit Valley College, muri Leta ya Washington.

Yakurikije amabwiriza yohereza ibaruwa isaba kwiga muri Amerika. Yiringiye ibyiza ariko yitegura ko ikibi cya mubaho, Legson yakomeje gukora no kwizigamira amafaranga.Icyamutangaje cyane, ishuri ryashubije mu byumweru bike rimumenyesha ko icyifuzo cye cyemejwe, kandi yahawe buruse yuzuye, iboneka amaze kuba muri Amerika.

Nibyo, abona Burusse ariko itike imugeza muri Amerika ntabwo iri mu byo yemerewe!

Ubu uzi Legson, mu buryo bworoshye ushobora gukeka ko agiye gukomereza urugendo rwe yerekeza mu misiri. Yatinyutse kandi asubizwamo imbaraga kubera ubutumire bwe muri Amerika. Ntabwo rwose byari igihe cyo gusubira imuhira cyangwa kuguma muri Uganda kubibazo nkibi 'byakemuka'.

Uwo musore yamenye ko agombaga kujya Sudani kubona Visa imwerekeza muri Amerika, yahise afata igikapu cyarimo ibintu bye afata urugendo ruva I Kampala rujya Khartoum n’amaguru . Urugendo rwe rwa mbere avuye mu rugo yerekeza i Kampala yari nko mu bilometero 800, uru rundi yari afashe rwanganaga na kilometer zigera ku 2575.

Ibirometero 2575 bidasanzwe, aho yahuye n’intare, impyisi, inzoka, inzovu!

Igihe yashyikaga i Khartoum, imyaka ibiri yari ishize kuva avuye iwabo muri Malawi, yari yambutse ibihugu bine kandi amaze kumenya indimi nyinshi cyane.

Yerekeje kuri Ambasade y'Amerika, ntiyigeze ahura n'ikibazo ubwo yinjiraga kuri ambassade y'Abanyamerika, ku rundi ruhande. Abadipolomate baratangaye bumvise ko yagenze inzira yose avuye mu mudugudu utazwi muri Nyasaland, akurikirana inzozi zidashoboka.

Abayobozi bo muri ambassade y’ Amerika muri Sudani bakozwe ku mutima n’urugendo rw’amateka yakoze bamufasha guhura na College yo muri Washington yari yaramwemereye burusse maze imubwira ko brusse ye igihari . Bumvise ibyo yanyuzemo kugira ngo aze muri Amerika - ntibari bamenye uko ameze igihe yasabaga kwiga.  bateguye ku mujyana mu ndege itaha yerekeza muri Amerika! Ambasade yamufashije kubona ibyangombwa byose by'ingendo.

Byari ibihe bitangaje kandi binashimishije cyane, mu buzima bwe. Ibitambo byose yatanze byari bigiye kwishyurwa igihe kinini.

Igihe Legson Kayira, wavutse witwa Didimu Kayira, umwana wo mu muryango ukennye cyane ku buryo batashoboraga no kubona ubushobozi bwo kurera umwana bari kubyara kandi yari hafi gupfa akiri uruhinja, yinjiye mu ndege yerekeza mu gihugu cy'inzozi ze, leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, uburemere bw’ingendo z’imyaka ibiri n'umubabaro yihanganiye mu ntera igera ku birometero 3000 n'amaguru vuba byari birangiye.

Ku ya 20 Ukuboza 1960, ku munsi wiriweho ubukonje, ni bwo Legson nyir’inzozi umuhungu w’imyaka 18 yakiranywe urugwiro ageze ku kibuga cy’indege cya Seattle-Tacoma na Atwoods, umuryango wari ugiye ku mwitaho igihe yiga muri kaminuza, ndetse n’abayobozi b’ishuri barangajwe imbere na bwana George Hodson, Umuyobozi w'Ishuri Rikuru! Birashoboka ko yumvaga ari umunyacyubahiro nubwo yicishije bugufi. Iki gihe yari acyambaye wa mupira yavanye muri rya shuri rya Livingstone

Yabaye icyamamare ako kanya, muri Leta ya Washington no mu gihugu cyose. Abantu bose bifuzaga kubona uyu musore wagenze ibirometero 24 k’umunsi akiri umwana na kilometero 30000 azenguruka Afurika, kugirango abone ishuri. Nyuma yo guhabwa impamyabumenyi muri Skagit College, Legson yize muri kaminuza ya Washington, aho yakuye impamyabumenyi bya politiki.

Mu 1965, ubwo yigaga muri kaminuza ya Washington, Legson yasohoye igitabo kivuga ku buzima bwe yise gusa “I Will Try”',gikubiyemo inkuru ivuga neza urugendo rwe rudasanzwe kandi rukomeye. Byagenze neza ako kanya ‘ I Will Try’ yagumye kurutonde rw’ibitabo byagurwaga cyane i New York ibyumweru 16 nyuma yo gusohorwa. 

Cyagurishijwe cyane muri Amerika no mu Bwongereza kandi cyahinduwe mu zindi ndimi nyinshi. Legson yakomereje amasomo ye mu Bwongereza, muri kaminuza ya Cambridge, aho yakuye impamyabumenyi muby’amateka mu 1966.

Yifuzaga gusubira mu gihugu cye cyari kimaze kwigenga, ariko Perezida Kmuzu Banda watekereza ko Legson nk’umwanditsi azamubangamira mu mitegekere ye birangira amwangiye gutahuka mu gihugu cye cy’amavuko. Ibitabo bye nabyo byari bibujijwe, ariko byinjijwe mu buryo bwa magendu kandi bisomwa rwihishwa n’abanyeshuri imyaka myinshi.

Legson yahisemo kuguma mu Bwongereza, aho yakoze imyaka myinshi mu Leta y'Ubwongereza, anabibangikanya no kwandika ibitabo. Nyuma ya "I Will Try," umwanditsi yasohoye ibindi bitabo bitanu aribyo, ‘Looming shadow’ cyanditswe mu 1967, 'Jingala' cyanditswe mu 1969, 'Things black and beautiful’ cyanditswe mu 1970, ' The civil Servant' cyanditswe mu 1971, na 'The Detainee' cyanditswe mu 1974. 

Legson yapfuye mu Ukwakira 2012 ubwo yari ari kwandika igitabo cye cya 6, haburaga n’iminsi micye ngo yuzuze imyaka 54 avuye iwabo muri Malawi. Yapfuye afite imyaka 71. Uruhukire mu mahoro, Legson Kayira.

Src: goodreads.com &alchetron.com