Uyu mwaka ku rwego
rw'Igihugu, uzizihirizwa mu Karere ka Ngororero mu Murenge wa Hindiro, Akagari
ka Gatega. Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka iragira iti: "Umugore ni
uw'agaciro."
Ni umwanya wo kuzirikana
agaciro k’umugore mu muryango, n’uruhare rwe mu iterambere ry’igihugu,
hareberwa hamwe aho abagore bageze, imbogamizi bagihura na zo, n’ingamba
zikwiye gufatwa kugira ngo barusheho kwihuta mu iterambere.
Nyuma ya Jenoside
yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, kimwe mu bikorwa by’ingenzi Leta y’u Rwanda
yashyizemo imbaraga ni uguteza imbere uburinganire hagati y’abagabo n’abagore.
Mu 1995, yashyize umukono ku masezerano yo guteza imbere uburenganzira
bw’abagore yasinyiwe i Beijing mu Bushinwa.
Imvugo yabaye ingiro kuko
ubu abenshi bari mu nzego nkuru za Leta zifata ibyemezo mu miyoborere
y’igihugu, mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko ndetse baniteje imbere mu bikorera.
Mu 2008, Inteko Ishinga
Amategeko y’u Rwanda, Umutwe w’Abadepite yabaye iya mbere ku Isi mu kugira
abagore benshi ugereranyije n’abagabo. Abagore bageze kuri 61,25% mu gihe ku
rwego rw’Isi bangana na 26,4%.
U Rwanda ruri ku mwanya
wa mbere hakurikijwe urutonde ngarukakwezi rwa IPU kuva mu myaka icumi ishize.
U Rwanda kandi rufite
abagize Inteko Ishinga Amategeko bakiri mu rubyiruko. Abagera kuri kimwe cya
kabiri mu badepite bari munsi y’imyaka 45 ari na yo iherwaho gusubiza hasi
ugereranyije na 29,85% ku rwego rw’Isi.
Abagore kandi bagize 50%
bya guverinoma mu gihe inzego z’ibanze zigomba kuba zigizwe na 30% by’abagore,
nk’uko amategeko abiteganya.
Ubwo yari mu Nteko
Rusange ya 63 y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye muri Nzeri 2008, Perezida Paul Kagame
yavuze ko u Rwanda rwahisemo guteza imbere uburinganire kuko ari intwaro
y’iterambere.
Imibare igaragaza kandi
ko abagore batanga umusanzu wa 30% mu bukungu bwose bw’imbere mu gihugu (GDP).
Batinyutse kwihangira imirimo kuko ubu bayobora 42% by’amasosiyete y’ubucuruzi
yanditse mu gihugu hose na 58% by’ubucuruzi butanditse nk’uko byerekanywe na
Raporo y’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari (International Finance Corporation).
U Rwanda rwateje imbere
uburezi cyane cyane ubw’umwana w’umukobwa ndetse imibare igaragaza ko bitabira
ishuri cyane ku kigero cya 98% kurusha abahungu, bo bari ku kigero cya 97%.
Byongeye kandi, abakobwa
bashishikarizwa kwiga amasomo y’ubumenyi, ikoranabuhanga n’imibare mbere
yafatwaga nk’agenewe basaza babo b’abahungu kandi abatsinze neza bakabona
amahirwe yo gukomeza amashuri yabo muri za Kaminuza zikomeye mu gihugu no hanze
yacyo.
U Rwanda kandi rushimwa
ndetse rugafatwa na bimwe mu bihugu nk’ishuri ry’imiyoborere myiza no kwimakaza
ihame ry’uburinganire.
Impuguke mu
by'Uburinganire n'Iterambere, Dr Josephine Mukabera, aherutse kubwira RBA ko
umugore yateye imbere kuko yahawe ijambo, arigishwa ndetse ashobora kwiteza
imbere.
Ati: "Umugore wo mu
Rwanda mu gihe tugezemo ubona yarateye imbere kuko mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe
Abatutsi hari ibyo umugore hari yarahejwemo mu burezi, mu kazi no muri
politiki."
Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Inama
y’Igihugu y’Abagore, Nyiramajyambere Belancile, yagaragaje ko ihame
ry'uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye ridatuma umugore asuzugura umugabo, ahubwo
rifasha mu iterambere rye.
Ati: "Ni ugukomeza
kwigisha, abantu tukabigisha ku buryo n'urubyiruko ruzamuka rubizi. Ahubwo
uburinganire ni ukureshya mu mategeko, tugahabwa uburenganzira bungana.''
Guverinoma y’u Rwanda
yagiye ishyiraho ingamba na gahunda zo guteza imbere umugore yaba mu burezi,
ubukungu, imiyoborere n’ibindi.
Mu rwego rwa politiki, u
Rwanda rwashyizeho ingamba zihamye zo kwimakaza ihame ry'uburinganire. Itegeko
Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 2003 ryavuguruwe mu 2015, rishimangira
ko abagore bagira nibura 30% by’imyanya mu nzego zifatirwamo ibyemezo.
Nubwo hari intambwe yatewe
mu nzego za Leta, mu bikorera haracyagaragara icyuho mu kubahiriza ihame
ry'uburinganire. Raporo zitandukanye zagaragaje ko abagore bakiri bake mu
myanya y'ubuyobozi mu bigo byigenga, bikaba bisaba gushyiraho ingamba zihariye
zo guteza imbere ihame ry'uburinganire muri uru rwego.
Minisiteri y'Uburinganire
n'Iterambere ry'Umuryango (MIGEPROF) ivuga ko uburinganire atari imibare gusa,
ahubwo ari ugukuraho imbogamizi zibangamira abageze mu myanya y'ubuyobozi. Ibi
bisaba guhindura imyumvire, gukuraho imiziro n'imigenzo mibi byabangamiraga
abagore mu iterambere ryabo.
Mu rwego rw'ubuhinzi
n'ubworozi, abagore ibihumbi 3 bakora uyu mwuga bahawe telefoni zigezweho
binyuze muri gahunda ya ConnectRwanda. Izi telefoni zizabafasha kubona amakuru
akenewe no kunoza imikorere yabo, bikazatuma barushaho gutera imbere no guteza
imbere imiryango yabo.
Ubushakashatsi bw’Ikigo
cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, NISR, ku miterere y’umurimo mu Rwanda
bwagaragaje ko ubushomeri bwagabanyutse bugera kuri 14,7% mu Ugushyingo 2024,
bunagaragaza ko abagabo bari ku isoko ry’umurimo ari 71,9% mu gihe abagore ari
57,1%. Icyuho hagati y’ibitsina byombi ku isoko ry’umurimo ni 14,8%.
Imibare y’inzego
z’umurimo mu Rwanda igaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 2023/2024, abagore ibihumbi 29
bitabiriye gupiganira imyanya y’imirimo y’akazi muri Leta, ariko 1.574 gusa ni
bo bagitsinze, 716 bahita bashyirwa mu myanya, mu gihe abandi 745 bashyizwe ku
rutonde rw’abategereje ahaboneka umwanya.
Magingo aya ntihazwi
impamvu zituma abagore batitabira gupiganirwa akazi mu myanya ya Leta, ariko
biteganyijwe ko hazakorwa ubushakashatsi buzashyira hanze izi mpamvu.
Minisitiri w’Uburinganire
n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, Uwimana Consolée, yavuze ko mu rwego rwo kwzihiza
uyu munsi, mu turere twose tw’igihugu hateganijwe ibikorwa bishimangira uruhare
rw’umugore n’umukobwa mu iterambere ry’u Rwanda.
Ati: “Mu kwezi kwa
Werurwe kose hazakorwa ibikorwa byihutisha impinduka mu guteza imbere umugore
n’umukobwa, hakurikijwe gahunda zateguwe."
Yakomeje agira ati:
“Dukomeze kandi gusigasira ibyo twagezeho mu guteza imbere uburinganire
bw’abagore n’abagabo, twubake umuryango ushoboye kandi utekanye."
Nubwo hari byinshi
byagezweho mu guteza imbere umugore mu Rwanda, haracyari imbogamizi zigomba
gukemurwa. Imyumvire idahwitse ikigaragara mu bice bimwe na bimwe, aho abagore
bamwe bafatwa nk'abadashoboye, igomba guhinduka. Gukomeza gushyira imbaraga mu
burezi, guha abagore amahirwe angana n'abagabo mu nzego zose, no guharanira ko
ihame ry'uburinganire ryubahirizwa hose, ni ingenzi mu rugendo rwo kugera ku
buringanire nyabwo.
Umunsi mpuzamahanga
w’Umugore washyizweho n’umuryango w’Abibumbye mu mwaka w’1972. U Rwanda
rwatangiye kuwizihiza kuva mu 1975. Ubusanzwe uyu munsi wizihizwa buri mwaka ku
itariki ya 8 Werurwe.
Imibare yo mu ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo mu 2022, igaragaza ko Abanyarwanda bari 13.246.394. Muri bo 48,5% ni abagabo naho abagore bangana na 51,5%.
U Rwanda rugiye kongera kwifatanya n'Isi mu kwizihiza Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w'Umugore