Bisobanuye iki kuba Intore ari wo murage udafatika wa mbere w’u Rwanda wanditswe na UNESCO?

Byatangajwe kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 3 Ukuboza 2024. Ni mu gihe iyi Nama ya Unesco iri kuba ku nshuro ya 19 yatangiye kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 2 Ukuboza 2024, ikazasozwa ku wa Gatandatu tariki 7 Ukuboza 2024. 

Mu itangazo rya Unesco, yanagaragaje ko bashyize ku rutonde rw’umurage w’Isi ubworozi w’amafi bwifashishwa muri Koreya, gutunganya indabo za rose bizwi cyane muri Arabia Saudite, gukora isabune muri Palestine ndetse no gushushyanya bizwi cyane muri Serbia.

Kuri uru rutonde hanashyizweho kandi ‘Wosana’, umuco gakondo w’abo mu gace ka Bakalanga muri Botswana, imbyino yamamaye nka ‘Reog Ponorogo Performing Art’ yo muri Indonesia ndetse n’umuziki wo muri Paraguay wamamaye nka ‘Guarania’.

Mu butumwa bwo ku rubuga rwa X, Minisitiri w'Ubumwe bw'Abanyarwanda n'Inshingano Mboneragihugu, Dr Bizimana Jean Damascéne yavuze ko “Ni icyemezo gikomeye gikurikira iyandikwa ry’Ishyamba rya Nyungwe n’Inzibutso za Gisozi, Nyamata, Bisesero na Murambi mu murage w’isi. N’ibindi byiza biri imbere.”

Ubu u Rwanda rugize ahantu hatandatu (6) hari ku rutonde rw’ahagenwe nk’umurage w’isi, nyuma yo kwemeza Parike ya Nyungwe ku wa kabiri, ku wa gatatu hemejwe inzibutso enye za jenoside za Nyamata, Murambi, Gisozi na Bisesero ndetse n’Intore z’u Rwanda.

Minisitiri Bizimana aherutse kubwira RBA ko iyandikwa ry’igikorwa nk’iki mu murage w’Isi ari ishema ku gihugu kandi “bituma icyo gikorwa cyanditswe kimenyekana ku rwego mpuzamahanga.” Yavuze ko ibi byongera ‘ba mukerarugendo ndetse byongera n'uburyo bwo kukirinda’.

Kimwe mu bishingirwaho kugirango igikorwa gishyirwe mu murage w’Isi wa UNESCO, harimo ko igihugu gitegura dosiye igaragaza ko icyo kintu gisabirwa kwandikwa ku murage w'Isi gifite agaciro kari ku rwego mpuzamahanga kadasanzwe. Ibi bishimangira ko u Rwanda rwari rwatanze ubusabe.

Ni izihe nyungu mu kuba Intore z’u Rwanda zashyizwe mu murage w’Isi?

Umunyamabanga Mukuru  w'Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w'ibihugu bivuga Igifaransa (OIF), Louise Mushikiwabo yanditse kuri konti ye ya X, agaragaza ko yashimishijwe no kuba UNESCO yafashe icyemezo cyo gushyira Intore z’u Rwanda mu murage w’Isi udafatika. Yumvikanishije ko ari inkuru nziza iherekeje impera z’uyu mwaka yakiranwe ubwuzu.

Mu butumwa yanyujije ku rubuga rwe rwa Instagram, umuhanzi mu njyana gakondo, Jules Sentore yagaragaje ko kuba Intore zashyizwe mu birinzwe nk'umurage w'Isi n'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Bumenyi, Uburezi n'Umuco (UNESCO), biteye ishema.

Yavuze ati “ Mbega Umunezero,mbega ishyaka ridakuka. Ntore bene umuco ni mwivuge imyato maze nk'uko ubutore buturanga twongere duhaguruke twishimiye Imihigo twesheje ubu amahanga ari kutwirahira u Rwanda rwongeye guhamya Intego.”

U Rwanda rwashyize umukono ku Masezerano Mpuzamahanga ya UNESCO y’i Paris mu Bufaransa yo ku wa 17 Ukwakira 2003 yo kubungabunga umurage ndangamuco udafatika (2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage).

Aya masezerano yemejwe burundu n’u Rwanda n’Iteka rya Perezida No 53/01 ryo ku wa 02/11/2012 ryemeza burundu amasezerano yo kubungabunga umurage ndangamuco udafatika.

Ingingo ya 2 y’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga ivuga ko umurage ndangamuco udafatika ugizwe n’ibi bintu bikurikira:

Uruhererekane nyemvugo (oral traditions and expressions, including language as a vehicle of the intangible cultural heritage);

Imyiyereko gakondo (performing arts); ariho dusangamo n’Intore.

Imigenzo, imihango n'ibirori gakondo (social practices, rituals and festive events);

Ubumenyi n'imigenzereze ku bintu karemano (knowledge and practices concerning nature and universe);

Ubumenyingiro bushingiye ku bugeni n'ubuhanzi gakondo (traditional craftsmanship).

Ku wa 29 Ukuboza 2023, Umukozi Ushinzwe kubungabunga Umurage muri Minisiteri y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Inshingano Mbonergagihugu, Mutangana Steven, yari yatangaje ko bamaze gutanga ubusabe muri Unesco bwo kwandikisha ubutore/Intore nk’umurage ndangamuco w’u Rwanda udafatika ku rwego rw’Isi.

Yavuze ibi ubwo yari yitabiriye inama nyunguranabitekerezo kuri raporo y’Igihugu y’Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’Amasezerano Mpuzamahanga yerekeye Umurage Ndangamuco Udafatika, y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Rishinzwe Uburezi, Ubumenyi n’Umuco [UNESCO], yo mu 2003. 

Mutangana Steven, yavuze ko Ubutore cyangwa se kuba Intore ari ikintu cyagutse gikwiye kubungabungwa ku rwego rw’Isi.

Icyo gihe yagize ati “Haba harimo filozofiya y’u Rwanda ituma umuntu agira ubutore bitari kubyina gusa, kuko ubutore hari byinshi busobanura. Kuba rero twarasabye ko bwakemezwa nk’umurage ku rwego rw’Isi hari icyo bivuze ku muco w’igihugu kandi gikomeye.

Hari undi murage ndangamuco udafatika tumaze kwemeza ku rwego rw’igihugu urimo ingoma, umuganura, agaseke, imigongo, ariko ubushakashatsi buracyakomeje kuko u Rwanda bukungahaye cyane kuri uyu murage, mu myaka iri imbere uru rutonde ruzaguka rwose.”

Inyandiko ziri kuri Internet zigaragaza ko iyo umurage udafatika wanditswe muri UNESCO, biba bisobanuye ko utangira kurindwa ku rwego Mpuzamahanga, kandi urushaho kujya mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo.

Hejuru y’ibyo kandi abakozi bashinzwe kuwubungabunga mu gihugu cyatoranyijwe, bahugurwa na UNESCO. 

UNESCO kandi yakira ikanatera inkunga imishinga y’iterambere ishamikiye kuri uyu murage uba watangajwe, kuko bafite ishami ry’ikigege cyo gutera inkunga imishinga nk’iyi iba yashyizwe mu murage w’Isi.

Intore ni wo murage udafatika wa mbere w'u Rwanda wanditswe kuri uru rutonde