Yahawe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel: Ibigwi bya Jimmy Carter wayoboye Amerika wujuje imyaka 100

Jimmy Carter wabaye Perezida wa 39 wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika akanegukana igikombe cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel, yujuje imyaka 100 ku itariki ya 01 Ukwakira 2024.

Rosalynn Carter, umugore wa Jimmy Carter yitabye Imana mu Ugushyingo umwaka ushize afite imyaka 96. Rosalynn, yashakanye na Jimmy Carter ku wa 7 Nyakanga mu 1946, bombi bafitanye abana bane.

Jimmy Carter yavukiye muri Leta ya Georgia mu 1924, yinjira muri politike ahagana mu 1960 ubwo yatorerwaga kujya muri Sena, mbere yo kuba Guverineri wa Georgia mu 1971. 

Hashize imyaka itanu, ni bwo yatsinze amatora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu asimbura umu-Repubulikani (Republican) Gerald Ford, bityo aba Perezida wa 39 wa USA wo mu ishyaka ry’aba-Demokarate (Democrats).

Ntibyatinze ariko, ibibazo byahise bitangira kwisukiranya ku ngoma ye. Iwabo muri Georgia habaye ibibazo by’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peterori n’ubushomeri bukabije, maze Jimmy Carter ashakisha uko yakumvisha Abanyamerika ko bagomba gufata ingamba zirimo no kwizirika umukanda.

Igikorwa nyamukuru cyabaye ku buyobozi bwa Carter ni ishyirwaho ry’umukono ku masezerano ya Camp David Accords mu 1978 aho igihugu cya Misiri cyemeye ku mugaragaro Leta ya Israel. Yanashyize umukono ku masezerano yo gusubiza umuyoboro wa Panama ubuyobozi bwa Panama.

Mu 1979, Umwami wa nyuma wa Iran amaze guhirikwa ku ngoma, Abanyamerika 66 bari bariyo bafashwe bunyago mu murwa mukuru Tehran. Icyo gihe Perezida Carter ahita acana umubano na Iran ndetse ashyiraho ibihano byo kuyikomanyiriza mu bucuruzi.

Abaturage ariko bakomeje kumunenga ko atakoraga ibihagije mu rwego rwo guhana Iran, ndetse batangira kumutera icyizere, abafashwe bunyago bamara iminsi 444 bafunzwe, Amerika ihatakariza n’abasirikare umunani barimo kugerageza kubabohora. Iran nayo, yakomeje gutinza irekurwa ryabo kugeza ubwo Jimmy Carter atsinzwe amatora amaze kuyobora manda imwe gusa.

Kuva asohotse muri White House, Jimmy Carter yakomereje akazi mu bikorwa by’ubutabazi abinyujije mu muryango w'ubugiraneza yashinze witwa 'The Carter Center.'

Yayoboye intumwa zabashije gusaba abayobozi b’igisirikare muri Haiti kurekura ubutegetsi mu 1994, ndetse abasha no guhuza abari bashyamiranye muri Bosnia bahagarika imirwano bajya mu mishyikirano y’amahoro.

Jimmy Carter, yakomeje kubahwa mu rwego mpuzamahanga ku bwo guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, binamuhesha igihembo cy’amahoro cya Nobel mu 2002.

Ari kumwe na nyakwigera Nelson Mandela wigeze kuyobora Afurika y’Epfo, Carter yashinze umuryango witwa The Elders (Abakuze), umuryango w’abayobozi bo ku Isi biyemeje guharanira amahoro n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Mu myaka micye ishize ariko, uyu mukambwe yagize ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima kuko mu 2015, yabazwe agace k’umwijima kari gatangiye kwibasirwa na kanseri, hashize umwaka umwe atangaza ko nta bundi buvuzi akeneye, nyuma y’uko umuti wari uri mu igeragezwa ugaragaje ko nta kanseri irimo.

Jimmy Carter yakomeje kugaragaza umutuzo uhebuje mu minsi y’uburwayi bwe. Mu 2015, yaragize ati "Nta mpungenge ntewe n’icyo ari cyo cyose kintegereje, nagize imibereho n’ubuzima byanejeje mu buryo bwose."

Jimmy Carter ushaje kuruta Abaperezida bose bayoboye Amerika, ari kwizihiza isabukuru y'imyaka 100