Ni gute Dorone zahinduye amashusho ya filime n’indirimbo z’abahanzi?

Ikigo Gishinzwe Indege za Gisivili (Rwanda Civil Aviation Authority:RCAA) kigaragaza ko kugeza ubu ubwoko bwa drones zemerewe gukoreshwa mu Rwanda ari izifata amashusho, izikoreshwa mu buhinzi, izifashishwa mu butabazi cyangwa gutwara ibintu byihutirwa, izikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi, izikoreshwa mu burezi, n’izikoreshwa mu kwinezeza. Zageze bwa mbere mu Rwanda mu 2017.

Muri Amerika bamaze imyaka isaga 10 bakoresha dorone muri filime n’indirimbo. Kugeza muri Gicurasi ya 2022 muri Amerika bari bafite dorone zibaruye zisaga 855,860 zanditse muri United States Federal Aviation Administration. Muri Amerika bateganya ko mu 2024 ziriya dorone zizaba zikubye kabiri.

Zinjiza agatubutse

Ijanisha rya 37 ryerekana ko ziriya dorone zigamije ubucuruzi. Ni dorone 316,075 zikoreshwa mu bijyanye n’ubucuruzi ari naho ibyo gufata amashusho bibarirwa. Nibura habarwa miliyali $47.38 azinjizwa na ziriya dorone mu 2029.

Isoko rya dorone mu 2022 ryabarirwaga agaciro ka miliyali $8,77. Agaciro kagomba gutumbagira kakagera kuri miliyali $54.81 mu 2030. Dorone nibura iya make igura $10,000 (Miliyoni 10 Frws). Ariko rero ukeneye kuyikodesha ku munsi ashobora kwishyura 300,000 Frws.

Ibihugu nka Australia bigaragaza ko mu myaka 20 iri imbere, ikoreshwa rya Drones rizinjiriza igihugu miliyari 14.5 z’amadolari ari nako bitanga akazi ku bihumbi by’abakozi buri mwaka. Ni mu gihe u Bwongereza bwo bwiteze ko mu 2030, ikoreshwa rya Drones rizaba rimaze kongera miliyari 42 z’amapawundi ku bukungu bwabwo.

Gukoresha dorone mu Rwanda bisaba amabwiriza akakaye

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe indege za gisivile (RCAA) nicyo gishinzwe igenzura, iyandikwa n’ikurikirana ry’imikorere n’imikoreshereze ya Drones mu Rwanda.

Nta Munyamahanga wemerewe kwiyandikishaho Drones

Mu mabwiriza ya RCAA nk'uko bigaragara ku rubuga rwayo, nta drone n’imwe igomba kuba ku butaka bw’u Rwanda itandikishijwe. Kuyandikisha bivuze kumenya nyirayo, ubwoko bwayo, ibyo ikora n’ibindi.

Bimwe mu by’ingenzi uyandikisha agomba kuba afite ni uko agomba kuba ari Umunyarwanda cyangwa ufite icyemezo cyo kuhatura (Permanent resident) afite imyaka 18 gusubiza hejuru. Nta munyamahanga wemerewe kwandikwaho Drones mu Rwanda, icyakora ashobora kwifashisha umwenegihugu.

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda cyangwa kimwe mu bigo byayo nabyo byemerewe kwandikwaho Drones. Icyangombwa cyo gutunga Drones kiboneka mu byumweru bine uhereye igihe cyasabiwe. Kukibona bisaba kwishyura ibihumbi 110 Frw.

Ubwoko bwa Drones bwemewe

RCAA igaragaza ko kugeza ubu ubwoko bwa drones zemerewe gukoreshwa mu Rwanda ari izifata amashusho, izikoreshwa mu buhinzi, izifashishwa mu butabazi cyangwa gutwara ibintu byihutirwa, izikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi, izikoreshwa mu burezi, n’izikoreshwa mu kwinezeza.

Kwandikisha sosiyete ya Drones no kuyigurutsa birishyurirwa

Mu gihe umuntu amaze kwandikisha Drone ye ntabwo bisobanuye ko ahita ajya kuyigurutsa aho ashaka. Kwemererwa kugurutsa Drones mu gikorwa runaka nabyo byakirwa uburenganzira ndetse bikishyurwa hagati y’amadolari atanu na 70 bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ikigiye gukorwa.

Ugurutsa Drones nawe si ubonetse wese kuko agomba kuba yarabyize kandi abifitiye uruhushya rutangwa nyuma yo kwishyura amadolari 50.

Mu gihe umuntu yaguze Drones zo kwifashisha nka sosiyete y’ubucuruzi, abyakira icyangombwa yishyura amadolari 500. Icyo cyangombwa kimara amezi 12.

Ku bw’umutekano, ushobora gusabwa izindi mpushya

Uretse uruhushya rutangwa na RCAA, umuntu ukoresha Drones ashobora gusabwa izindi mpushya zitangwa n’izindi nzego bitewe n’impamvu runaka.

Mu nzego zindi zishobora kubyinjiramo harimo Polisi y’Igihugu n’Ingabo z’Igihugu (RDF) by’umwihariko mu gihe ari indege zifata amafoto cyangwa zigiye kugurutswa mu duce twihariye tutemewemo ko hagurutswa indege.

Urwego rushinzwe imirimo imwe n’imwe ifitiye igihugu akamaro (RURA) narwo rushobora gutanga uburenganzira kugira ngo Drones itaza guteza ikibazo cy’ihuzanzira n’ibindi bikoresho bikoresha amajwi cyangwa amashusho (Radio frequencies).

Drone ntigomba kurenga metero ijana iguruka

Mu mabwiriza, nta wemerewe kugurutsa Drone ngo igendere hejuru ya metero ijana uvuye ku butaka. Nta weremerewe kandi gutwara drone ngo irenge metero 300 uvuye aho aherereye, kimwe n’uko nta drone yemerewe kuguruka ipima ibilo birenze 25 .

Nta Drone igenda nijoro

Bitandukanye n’izindi ndege zisanzwe, ntabwo Drone yemerewe kuguruka mu masaha y’ijoro mu kirere cy’u Rwanda kubera impamvu z’umutekano waba uwayo, uw’abaturage n’uw’igihugu muri rusange.

Nta Drone kandi yemerewe kugenda ku muvuduko w’ibirometero birenze 100 ku isaha cyangwa ngo iguruke ahantu hari urujya n’uruza rw’abantu, ibinyabiziga, inyamanswa, inzu n’ibindi bitari muri gahunda y’ibyo Drone iri gukora.

Ubwishingizi bwa miliyari

Nta Drone yemerewe kuguruka mu kirere cy’u Rwanda idafite ubwishingizi. Umuntu wese utwara akadege katagira umupilote asabwa gutanga ubwishingizi butari munsi ya miliyoni imwe y’amadolari yo kwirengera ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’imikorere y’iyi ndege.

Drone iguye iwawe, hamagara Polisi

Nk’izindi ndege zose, Drone ishobora kugira impanuka. Bijya bibaho ko yagwa mu rugo rw’umuntu cyangwa mu murima we mu gihe igize impanuka dore ko iba igendera hafi cyane. 

RCAA itanga inama ko ubonye Drone ikoze impanuka ari ngombwa guhamagara kuri sitasiyo ya Polisi iri hafi.

Hari uduce Drones zitemewe kugurukamo

Uretse ku kibuga cy’indege bibujijwe, RCAA igaragaza ko Drone hari utundi duce itemerewe kugurukamo bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye zirimo n’umutekano.

Inyandiko ya RCAA yise ‘Aeronautical information publication’ yo mu Ukuboza 2020, hagaragaramo ahantu habujijwe cyangwa ho kwitondera mu bijyanye n’ingendo zo mu kirere.

Aho harimo ahakorerwa imyitozo ya gisirikare, ahandi hantu hateye nabi cyangwa hashyira abantu mu byago, ahantu hagoye kuhagurutsa indege, mu nzi z’izindi ndege, ahari ibikorwa bya siporo cyangwa byo kwishimisha, ahantu hari inyoni cyangwa izindi nyamaswa.

Amande ya miliyoni 20 Frw

Gukoresha drone binyuranyije n’amabwiriza birahanirwa. Urugero nk’ufashwe ayikoresha itandikishije, acibwa miliyoni 20 Frw, ndetse akaba yagezwa mu nkiko ku bindi byaha yaba yakoze.

Drone ifata amashusho yo mu kirere ku buryo bworoshye kandi afite ubwiza burusha ayafatwa na camera zisanzwe. Uburyo buzwi nka “a bird’s eye view, uko inyoni ibona ibintu ni bwo buryo dorone zifata amashusho yo mu kirere abereye ijisho.

Indege zitagira abapilote [Drones] zifashishwa mu mirimo itandukanye, mu ntambara, mu butasi, gufata amashusho n’ibindi, zakorewe bwa mbere mu Bwongereza mu 1916 zifashishwa mu ntambara ya mbere n’iya kabiri z’Isi.

Byasabye imyaka 78 kugira ngo hakorwe Drones zitandukanye n’izari zimenyerewe mu bikorwa by’intambara. Mu 1994 ni bwo hakozwe Drones zifasha mu bikorwa by’ubugiraneza [Drones Humanitaires], zikorewe muri Leta Zunze ubumwe z’Amerika.

Abanyamerika kandi bazwi mu bihugu bikunze gukoresha Drones mu bikorwa byo guhangana n’abanzi, aho ziyoborwa n’ikoranabuhanga zikagenda zirasa kubo babahanganye. Urugendo imodoka ikora amasaha ane dorone irukora iminota 35.

Drone zinjiza agatubutse gusa biracyagoranye ngo zibyazwe umusaruro n'abahanzi nyarwanda