Tariki ya 31 Ukwakira: Intangiriro y'urugendo rw'ihangana hagati ya Martin Luther na Kiriziya mu kinyejana cya XVI

Tariki ya 31 Ukwakira 2020 ni umunsi wa Gatandatu w’icyumweru ndetse ukaba uwa 305 w’umwaka. Hari byinshi byibukwa byaranze uyu munsi harimo n’igikorwa gisa nkaho cyabaye imbarutso y’impinduramatwara yaranze ikinyejana cya XVI ku mugabane w’u Burayi.

Mu mwaka wa 1510, uwihaye Imana w’ Umudage, Martin Luther yagiriye urugendo rutagatifu i Roma ku gicumbi cya Kiriziya. Muri icyo gihe, Kiriziya yashishikarizaga abayoboke bayo ko bashobora kuronka indurugensiya ‘indulgence’ ku kiguzi cy’amafaranga. Aya mafaranga ahanini yakoreshwaga mu mavugurura y’icyicaro cya Papa kimwe n’ibyanya bikikije bazelika yitiriwe mutagatifu Petero.

Ku ngoma ya Papa Jules II, ni bwo Luther yagiriye urugendo rutagatifu ku murwa mukuru wa Kiriziya. Agendeye ku byo yabonaga cyane cyane uko abakristu baronkaga indurugensiya bishyuye amafaranga cyangwa indi mirimo, ku rundi ruhande Kiriziya na yo yigwizaho imitungo ubutitsa, Luther ntiyatinze kubona imiyoborere mibi ya Roma kimwe n’uko wari umugi w’ubukungu kurusha iyobokamana.

Nyuma yo gutenguhwa nuko abamutoje batubahiriza ibyo yatojwe, abifashijwemo n’izindi nyandiko zitari iza Kiriziya yasomaga, Luther na we yatangiye gusakaza ibitekerezo bye byavugaga ko agakiza ka muntu kadashingiye ku kubahiriza amategeko y’idini yose ahubwo gashingiye ku mubano we n’Imana.

Kuri iyi tariki ya 31 Ukwakira ni bwo, Luther yashyiriye Umwepiskopi wa Mayence (iwabo mu Budage) inyandiko yari ikubiyemo ingingo 95 yifuzaga ko zagenderwaho mu ivugururwa ry’amategeko shingiro yagenga ukwemera kimwe na Kiriziya muri rusange. Iki gikorwa nubwo kitakiriwe neza n’ubuyobozi bwa Kiriziya, Luther we yariyamaze kumanika izi ngingo ku miryango ya kiriziya ya Wittenberg. Iki gikorwa ni cyo cyateje gucubangana mu myizerere, imibereho y’abaturage kimwe n’imitegekere mu Burayi mu kinyejana cya XVI.

Iki gikorwa Martin Luther yakoze cyatangije indi myizerere ya gikristu ku isi ariko itari iya Gatorika. Mu nzira ndende itoroshye kwa kwandika no gusakaza ingingo 95 byavuyemo inkundura y’impinduramatwara y’imyizerere mu Burayi yamenyekanye nka “Réforme” (Ivugurura) yerekeje ku ishingwa ry’idini ry’ Aba- Protestant.

Ibyavugwa ku byo iyi tariki yasize mu myizerere byaba ibitabo. Mu bakristu miriyari 2.18 bari ku isi, miriyoni 331 muri bo ni bo mu idini ry’ Aba- Protestant. Ntawakwirengagiza yuko izindi miriyoni 600 z’abakristu babarizwa mu madini ashingiye ku myizerere isa n’iyo Martin Luther yasize.