Amateka y’ibandi karundura n’umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge ‘El Chapo’

Ubusanzwe El Chapo ni muntu ki?

Joaquin Archivaldo Guzman Loera yavukiye mu gace k'icyaro ka Badiraguato, agace gasanzwe kazwiho kugira amabandi kabuhariwe mu gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge gaherereye mu Majyaruguru ashyira Uburengerazuba bwa Mexico. 

Yavutse mu 1957 gusa itariki n’ukwezi yavutsemo ntibizwi neza, bamwe bavugako yavutse tariki ya 4 Mata 1957 abandi bakavuga ko yavtse kuya 25 Ukuboza mu 1957. EL Chapo yavukiye mu muryango ukennye cyane, aho papa we yahohoteraga mama wabo kandi nawe acuruza ibiyobyabwenge.

Akiri ingimbi, El chapo yirukanwe n’umuryango we ngo ajye kwishakira ubuzima bitewe n’ubukene bwari bwugarije umuryango we. Ku bumenyi bucye yarafite bigendanye nuko yari yaracikirije mu bwana bwe yabonye ko icyamufasha kubaho ari ugukurikira umwuga wa se wo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge. 

Ibi byatumye atangira guhinga MARIJUANA kugirango ajye ayigurisha abona udufaranga ducye two kwikemurira ibibazo bye no kwibeshaho nk’umuntu wari umaze kwirukanwa mu muryango.

Ese yinjiye mu miryango icuruza ibiyobyabwenge gute?

Mu mpera yi 1970, El Chapo Wari umaze kuzobera mu bucuruzi bw'ibiyobyabwenge yahise atangira gukorana n'undi mucuruzi ukiri muto wari utangiye kuzamuka witwa Héctor Luis Palma Salazar. Guzmán yagenzuye urujya n'uruza rw'ibiyobyabwenge biva mu karere avukamo ka Sinaloa, agace gakomeye mu gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge mu burengerazuba bwa Mexico, aho ibiyobyabwenge byoherezwaga kuva mu majyaruguru bikagera mu mijyi yo ku nkombe ndetse no muri Amerika.

Afite imyaka 25, El Chapo wari utuje ariko uzi ubwenge  yagenzuraga ibikoresho by’undi mwami w’ibiyobyabwenge, Miguel Ángel Félix Gallardo, washinze agatsiko k’amabandi acuruza ibiyobyabwenge kitwa GUADALAJARA. 

EL CHAPO yakomeje kugira agaciro gake, ariko igihe shebuja yaje gutabwa muri yombi azira kwica umukozi w’Umunyamerika ushinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge (DEA) mu 1985, yahise agaragara nkumwe mu masura mashya ya kabuhariwe mu gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge muri Mexico.

Ese niki cyatumye ashinga umuryango we ucuruza ibiyobyabwenge uzwi nka SINALOA CARTEL?

Mu 1989, ubwo boss we yari amaze gufungwa agatsiko cyangwa umuryango wa GUADALAJARA watangiye kuzamo ibibazo biganisha kugusenyuka, maze EL CHAPO ahita ashinga umuryango we awita SINALOA. Mu 1990 EL CHAPO yari umwe mu bantu bashakishwa cyane n’inzego z’umutekano zishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge muri MEXICO na USA.

SINALOA, mu gihe gito ishinzwe yaje kuba umwe mu miryango ibarizwa muri Amerika y’amajyepfo icuruza cocaine nyinshi ku butaka bwa leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika. Ibi byaterwaga n’uburyo bushya uyu muryango wagenda uzana bwo kwinjiza ibiyobyabwenge muri Amerika buri nko kubicisha mu bitembo cyangwa tunnel bari baracukuye hagati y’umupaka wa MEXICO na AMERIKA, cyangwa kubipakira muri za kizimyamwoto tutibagiwe mu mirambo no mu bikarito byanditseho ko ari insenda bagemuye. Si cocaine yacuruzaga gusa kuko yanacuruzaga ibindi biyobyabwenge nka Marijuana, Heroin na Methamphetamine.

Ibi byose yabigezeho abikesha imitwe y’abagizibanabi myinshi yari yarashinze yitwaga “LOS CHAOS ", “LOS TEXAS ", “LOS LOBOS ", na “LOS NEGROS " kugirango imufashe kurindira umutekano ibikorwa bye. Bikekwa ko uyu mugabo yaba yarakoze ubwicanyi bw’ abantu babarirwa mu 1000 muri México yaba abamufashaga ndetse nabo bari bahanganye.

Dore ifungwa n’itoroka rya zagereza bya muranze.

Mu 1993, El Chapo yafatiwe muri Guatemala yoherezwa muri MEXICO. Agezeyo , yaraburanishijwe agirwa umwere ku byaha yaregwaga by’ubwicanyi ariko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge no gutunga imbunda mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ahita akatirwa imyaka 20 y’igifungo muri gereza icungiwe umutekano ku rwego rwo hejuru. 

Ku bwingurane ya ruswa, abayobozi ba gereza bamurekeye uburenganzira bwo gukomeza kuyobora umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi. Mu 2001 yaje gucika gereza abifashijwemo n’abacungagereza yahaye ruswa.  kuko iperereza ryakurikiyeho ryerekanye ko abakozi bagereza bahawe ruswa maze bose barafungwa harimo n’umukuru wagereza(WARDEN).

Mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 21, El Chapo yafatwaga nk’umuyobozi wa Cocaine na Marijuana byacuruzwaga muri Amerika biturutse muri Colombia na Mexico ndetse akaba ariwe winjiza methamphetamine mu kizwi nka Asia-Mexico-U.S.Triangle (bisobanura ko Methamphetamine yakorerwaga muri Mexico ikoreshejwe imiti (Chemicals) iturutse muri ASIA noneho ikajyanwa gucuruzwa muri Amerika). 

Mu 2009 ikinyamakuru Forbes cyavuzeko afite umutungo ugera kuri miliyari imwe, kandi konti ze zimwe zikaba zerekana ko SINALOA yinjiza asanga miliyari eshatu ku mwaka. Muri mexico abantu bamwe bamufata nk’intwari abandi baka muririmba mu ndirimbo zisingiza ibiyobyabwenge.

Guverinoma y’Amerika yaje kubona ko EL CHAPO ari cyo kintu cy'ibanze mu ntambara yo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge. Mu 2004 guverinoma y'Amerika yatangaje igihembo cya miliyoni 5 z'amadolari y'Amerika ku muntu wazatanga amakuru yatuma El Chapo atabwa muri yombi ashinjwa ibiyobyabwenge. 

Mu mwaka wa 2012, Minisiteri ishinzwe ububitsi muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, yishee Guzmán “umucuruzi ukomeye ku isi mu bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge, yasabye itegeko rigenga ibiyobyabwenge by’amahanga Kingpin ko ryahagarika imitungo yabo mu muryango we ibarizwa kubutaka bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika

Mu mwaka wa 2006, igitero simusiga cyagabwe kubacuruzi b’ibiyobyabwenge bikozwe n’ingabo za Mexico cyatumye hafatwa abacuruzi benshi ariko El Chapo n’agatsiko ke bararusimbuka ntibafatwa. Nyuma y’igihe kinini yihishe’ EL CHAPO yaje gufatirwa muri Mazatlan muri Mexico muri Gashyantare 2014. Biturutse ku gikorwa  gikomeye cyamaze icyumweru cyose kubufatanye bw’ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge (DEA) n’igisirikare cya Mexico.

Mu ijoro ryo kuya 11 Nyakanga 2015 EL CHAPO yongeye gutoroka gereza ya ALTIPLANO yari hafi ya Toluca anyuze mu buvumo bwari munsi y’ubwogero bwo muri gereza bwa nganaga na kilometero 1.5 maze ahingukira ku nzu iri ku ruganda rwe. 

Ubuvumo bufite uburebure bugera hafi kuri metero 1,7 ndende bwubakishijwe imbaho zometseho ibiti EL CHAPO yanyuzemo acika bwari burimo amatara n’udutanga muyaga, byerekana ko byari bimaze igihe biri mu bikorwa byapanzwe neza. (Biragaragara ko ipiki yakoreshejwe mu mwobo mu gihe cyo gucukura kugira ngo ikureho ubutaka haboneke inzira aranyuramo acika). 

Yatangiye ku guhigwa bikomeye, kandi hasi hatangira gukorwa amaperereza kuba nta bufatanyacyaha bwabayeho kugirango yongere acike gereza. Uku gucika kwe kwababaje Perezida ENRIQUE PENA NIETO wa Mexico wari wagize uruhare rukomeye mu guhashya abacuruzi b’ibiyobyabwenge. Muri iki gihe EL CHAPO yagiranye ikiganiro cy’ibanga n’Umunyamerika ukina filime witwa SEAN PENN kugirango akine filime ivuga ku buzima bwite bwa EL CHAPO.

Ku ya 17 Ukwakira 2015 byatangajwe ko ELCHAPO yakomeretse mu maso no ku kaguru ubwo yacikaga igitero igisirikari cya Mexico cyari kimugabyeho mu misozi yo mu Majyaruguru y’Uburengerazuba bwa Mexico.

Ku ya 8 Mutarama 2016, byatangajwe ko EL CHAPO yafatiwe muri  LOS MOCHIS agace ko muri SINALOA nyuma yo kurasana hagati y’abashinzwe umutekano n’amabandi ye. Nyuma y’umwaka umwe yoherejwe muri AMERIKA  aho yashinjwaga ibyaha bitandukanye birimo: Gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, kunyereza amafaranga, no kwica abantu. Urubanza rwe rwatangiye mu Ugushyingo  2018 maze muri 2019 ahamwa n'ibyaha byose yashinjwaga ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu.

El Chapo mu rukundo ni muntu ki?

Bikekwa ko Guzmán yaba yarashyingiranwe n’abagore batatu kandi akaba se w'abana hagati y’icyenda na 13. Mu bana be bivugwa ko uwaba yarakurikiye inzira yase yo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge yaba ari uwitwa IVAN GUZMAN bitewe n’ukuntu akunda kugaragara mu modoka zihenze, ahiga inyamaswa n’ibitaramo bikomeye ahoramo nkuko abisangiza abantu ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Src:www.britannica.com,www.biography.com